BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [2026-07-16]에 발행된 에피소드 What's in a footballer's brain?의 핵심 주제는 Football, brain입니다. 다음은 이 에피소드의 대체적인 개요입니다.
[전체 개요]
Football players are faster than ever before. But in a game where every tiny decision counts, elite clubs are turning to neuroscience to understand how players can think, decide and perform even faster. Neil and Georgie discuss this and teach you some new vocabulary
축구 선수들은 전에 없이 빠릅니다. 그러나 모든 아주 작은 결정이 카운트되는 경기에서, 엘리트 클럽들은 [선수들이 심지어 더 빠르게 생각하고, 결정하고 그리고 수행할 수 있는] 방법을 이해하기 위해 신경 과학에 의지하고 있습니다. 닐과 죠지가 이것을 논의하고 당신에게 몇몇 새로운 어휘를 가르쳐 줍니다.
영어 단어를 공부할 때 스토리와 함께 공부하면 크게 도움이 됩니다. 다음은 이번 주에 수록된 주요 단어 목록들입니다.
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absolute adj. ★★★[2808] from [씨앗말] absolute(to set free) 《 solve(느슨하게 하다)
[본문] [32]That reduction in activity in Neymar's cortex reflects that he has absolute expertise in moving his feet.
[영한] ① 완전한, 완벽한 ② (특히 구어체에서 말하는 내용을 강조하여) 완전, 순 ③ 확실한, 확고한 ④ 제한이 없는, 절대적인, 무소불위의 ⑤ (상대적이 아닌) 절대적인
[영영] Absolute means total and complete.
[유의어] positive, implicit(절대적이다)
<명사> 절대적인 것
[어근] ⑴ ab; off, away from ⑵ solute(solve); to loosen, untie,
[어원] 《라틴어 absolvere》 to set free, acquit; complete, bring to an end; make separate
[최초 의미] unrestricted, free from limitation; complete, perfect, free from imperfection
[파생] absolutely, absoluteness, absolute
[계열] absolutely, solution, solve, resolution, resolve, absolute, dissolve, unresolvable, resolute, soluble, aerosol, unresolved, absoluteness, dissolution, dissolvability
academy noun ☆[5065] from [씨앗말] academe(학교, 학계)
[본문] [12]Here's Tom Cooke, academy Psychologist for Nottingham Forest Football Club, talking to the BBC World Service.
[영한] ① (특수 분야의) 학교 ② 학술원, 예술원 ③ (스코틀랜드의) 중등학교, (미국의) 사립학교
[영영] Academy is sometimes used in the names of schools and colleges, especially those specializing in particular subjects or skills, or private high schools in the United States.
[굴절형] 복수형; academies
[어근] ⑴ academ; 학문 ⑵ y; 명사어미
[어원] 《그리스어 Akademeia》 학교, 학계
[최초 의미] the classical Academy
[파생] academic, academical, academically, academy
[계열] academic, academy, academically, academe, academia
accurately adv. ★★★[3298] from [씨앗말] accurate(ad+curare) 《 cure(돌보다)
[본문] [55]If you're mentally all over the place, it's more difficult to kick the ball accurately.
[영한] 정확히(exactly), 정밀하게
[영영] accurate + ly
[유의어] exactly(정확하다)
[구성단어] accurate + ly
[어근] ⑴ ac(ad); 향하여,첨가 ⑵ cur; 보살피다 ⑶ ate; 동사 어미 ⑷ ly; 부사 어미
[어원] 《라틴어 accurare》 ad+curare; take care of
[파생] accuracy, accurate, accurately, accurateness
[계열] security, accurate, secure, cure, curious, curiosity, accurately, accuracy, procure, inaccurate, proxy, curator, curable, incurable, insecure
amygdala noun △[8671] from [씨앗말] amygdala
[본문] [26]a) the brain stem b) the amygdala c) the cerebellum
[영한] 편도체
[어근] amygdala(almond); 아몬드 나무, almond
[어원] 《그리스어 amygdale》
[최초 의미] part of the brain
[계열] amygdala, almond
ankle noun ★★★[3359] from [씨앗말] ankle(발목)
[본문] [30]They found that his brain was a lot less active than the brains of his peers when he rotated his right ankle.
[영한] 발목
[영영] Your ankle is the joint where your foot joins your leg.
[어근] ankle; 발목, ankle
[어원] 《고대 영어 ancleow》 발목
[최초 의미] ankle
[계열] ankle
anxiety noun ★★★★[1989] from [씨앗말] anxious(걱정스런)
[본문] [66]The amygdala is associated with our processing of fear and anxiety.
[영한] ① 불안(감), 염려 ② 걱정거리 ③ 열망
[영영] Anxiety is a feeling of nervousness or worry.
[굴절형] 복수형; anxieties
[유의어] worry, apprehension
[어근] ⑴ anxi(anx); choke, squeeze ⑵ ety(ity); ~한 상태(명사어미)
[어원] 《라틴어 anxius》 걱정스런, 편치 않는
[최초 의미] apprehension caused by danger, misfortune, or error, uneasiness of mind respecting some uncertainty, a restless dread of some evil
[파생] anxiety, anxiously, anxiousness, anxious
[계열] anxiety, anxious, anxiously, anxiolytic, anxiousness
athlete noun ★★★★[2009] from [씨앗말] athlete(상을 위해 경연하다) 《 athl(상[상품])
[본문] [13]We're watching these athletes make decisions in split instincts, under the highest pressures and the highest intensities.
[영한] ① (운동)선수 ② 육상 경기 선수 ③ 운동을 잘 하는 사람, 운동선수
[영영] An athlete is a person who does a sport, especially athletics, or track and field events.
[굴절형] 복수형; athletes
[유의어] sportsperson
[어근] ⑴ athl; 운동, 육상, athlete ⑵ ete(et); 지소 어미
[어원] 《그리스어 athlein》 [athlos 관련어, athlon에서 유래] 상을 위해 경연하다, 상을 타기 위해 경쟁하다
[최초 의미] a wrestler, athlete, combatant in public games
[파생] athlete, athletic, athletically, athleticism, athletics
[계열] athlete, athletic, athletics, biathlon, athl, athletically, athleticism, athlon, triathlon
athleticism noun[10000+] from [씨앗말] athlete(상을 위해 경연하다) 《 athl(상[상품])
[본문] [7]I think it's the combination of the passion and also the skill and athleticism of the players.
[영한] 운동 경기 중심주의, 운동열, (전문으로서의) 운동 경기
[구성단어] athletic + ism
[어근] ⑴ athlet(athl); 운동, 육상, athlete ⑵ ic; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ism; 이념, 주의
[어원] 《그리스어 athlein》 [athlos 관련어, athlon에서 유래] 상을 위해 경연하다, 상을 타기 위해 경쟁하다
[파생] athlete, athletic, athletically, athleticism, athletics
[계열] mechanism, enthusiasm, criticism, organism, racism, tourism, journalism, optimism, terrorism, sexism, ageism, Buddhism, magnetism, pessimism, ecotourism
awareness noun ★★★★[2153] from [씨앗말] aware(ge+wær) 《 ware(사고팔 거리)
[본문] [37]Conscious describes something done with awareness, not by accident.
[영한] (무엇의 중요성에 대한) 의식[관심]
[영영] aware + ness
[굴절형] 셀 수 없는 명사
[유의어] realisation, realization, consciousness
[구성단어] aware + ness
[어근] ⑴ a(ge); with, together ⑵ ware; 조심하다, 알다, ware ⑶ ness; 명사어미
[어원] 《고대 영어 gewær》 ge+wær; watchful, vigilant
[파생] awareness, aware
[계열] aware, awareness, unaware, beware, unawarely, unawareness, ware
brainwave noun[10000+] from [씨앗말] wave(앞뒤로 움직이다)
[본문] [52]He measures player's brainwaves before these important kicks and teaches them how to stay relaxed.
[영한] ① (갑자기 떠오른) 묘안 ② 뇌파
[굴절형] 복수형; brainwaves
[구성단어] brain + wave
[어근] ⑴ brain; 뇌, brain ⑵ wave; 파도, 흔들다, wave
[어원] 《의사 게르만말 wab-》 앞뒤로 움직이다, 옷감 짜다
[계열] wave, microwave, heatwave, brainwave, waveless, wavelike, wavingly, wavy
centre noun ★★★[2523] from [씨앗말] center(뾰족한 끝)
[본문] [41]What we're doing is trying to design sessions but with cognition or neuroscience at the centre of it.
[영한] ① 중심, 중앙, 가운데 ② 도심지, 중심가 ③ (문화사업 등의) 중심지 ④ 센터 ⑤ (특정 활동의) 뛰어난 중심지 ⑥ (관심의) 중심[초점] ⑦ [형용사에서] … 중심의 참조 self-centred ⑧ 중도파 ⑨ 센터포드
[영영] A centre is a building where people have meetings, take part in a particular activity, or get help of some kind.
[굴절형] 복수형; centres
<동사> 중앙에 놓다 <형용사> [A] 중심의, 중심에 있어서의, 중도파의
[어근] centre(center); 중심
[BRIT] 미국영어 ☞ center
[어원] 《그리스어 kentron》 뾰족한 끝, 막대기, 말벌의 가시
[최초 의미] middle point of a circle; point round which something revolves
[계열] center, central, concentrate, concentration, centre, eccentric, centrifugal, anthropocentric, acentric, acrocentric, amniocentesis, anthropocentrism, barycenter, biocentric, biocentrism
CEO abbr.[10000+] from [씨앗말] CEO
[본문] [51]Here's Niklas Hausler, founder and CEO of Neuro 11, talking to the BBC World Service.
[영한] 최고 경영자, 시이오
[영영] CEO is an abbreviation for chief executive officer.
[유의어] chief executive officer(최고 경영자)
[Full] chief executive officer
cerebellum noun[10000+] from [씨앗말] cerebellum
[본문] [26]a) the brain stem b) the amygdala c) the cerebellum
[영한] 소뇌
[굴절형] 복수형; cerebellums cerebella 소유격; cerebellum's
[어근] ⑴ cereb(cerebr); 뇌, 이해력, cerebral ⑵ ellum(le); 지소 어미
[어원] 《라틴어 cerebellum》 [diminutive of cerebrum "the brain"] a small brain
[최초 의미] hind-brain of a vertebrate animal,
[계열] cerebral, cerebellum
chaotic adj. ☆[6467] from [씨앗말] chaos(빈 공간)
[본문] [56]When we describe something as 'all over the place' we mean that it's chaotic, disorganised or confused.
[영한] 혼돈[혼란] 상태인
[영영] Something that is chaotic is in a state of complete disorder and confusion.
[어근] ⑴ chaot(chaos); chaos ⑵ ic; 형용사 어미
[어원] 《그리스어 khaos》 빈 공간; 심연, 넓게 열려있는 것, 광대하고 비어있는 것
[최초 의미] in a state of primordial chaos,
[파생] chaotic, chaotically, chaos
[계열] gas, gas, chaos, gasoline, chaotic
cognition noun △[10000+] from [씨앗말] cognition 《 cogn(알게되다)
[본문] [41]What we're doing is trying to design sessions but with cognition or neuroscience at the centre of it.
[영한] (심리) 인식, 인지
[영영] Cognition is the mental process involved in knowing, learning, and understanding things.
[굴절형] 셀 수 없는 명사
[어근] ⑴ cognit(cogn); 알다, learn ⑵ ion; 명사 어미
[어원] 《라틴어 cognoscere》 알게되다, 인식하다
[최초 의미] ability to comprehend, mental act or process of knowing,
[파생] cognitional, cognition
[계열] recognize, recognise, cognitive, recognition, acquaintance, cognate, quaint, acquaint, recognisable, connoisseur, recognizable, unrecognised, reacquaint, cogn, cognation
cognitively adv.[10000+] from [씨앗말] cognitive 《 cogn(알게되다)
[본문] [14]It made a lot of sense to go, well, neurologically or cognitively, there's something going on.
[영한] 인식적으로.
[구성단어] cognitive + ly
[어근] ⑴ cogn; 알다, learn ⑵ it; 연결 글자 ⑶ ive; 형용사어미 ⑷ ly; 접미사
[어원] 《라틴어 cognit》 [past participle stem of cognoscere] known
[파생] cognitively, cognitive
[계열] recognize, recognise, cognitive, recognition, acquaintance, cognate, quaint, acquaint, recognisable, connoisseur, recognizable, unrecognised, reacquaint, cogn, cognation
confused adj. △[5881] from [씨앗말] confuse(com+fundere) 《 fuse(붓다)
[본문] [56]When we describe something as 'all over the place' we mean that it's chaotic, disorganised or confused.
[영한] ① (사람이) 혼란스러워 하는 ② (무엇이) 혼란스러운, 분명치 않은
[유의어] woolly
[구성단어] confuse + ed
[어근] ⑴ con(com); together ⑵ fus; 붓다, 녹이다, pour ⑶ ed; 형용사 어미
[어원] 《라틴어 confundere》 [com+fundere] to confuse, jumble together, bring into disorder; disconcert, perple
[파생] confusedly, confusedness, confused
[계열] refuse, confuse, fund, confusion, refusal, confusing, confused, fusion, confound, refund, profuse, funnel, transfusion, profusion, confusability
conscious adj. ★★★★[2403] from [씨앗말] conscious(knowing) 《 sci(알다)
[본문] [33]And it's essentially done with very, very little conscious effort.
[영한] ① 의식하는, 자각하는 ② 의식이 있는, 지각/판단 기능이 정상인 ③ (행동/감정 등이) 의식적인, 의도적인 ④ 특별한 관심이 있는
[영영] ① If you are conscious of something, you notice it or realize that it is happening.
② If you are conscious of something, you think about it a lot, especially because you are unhappy about it or because you think it is important.
③ A conscious decision or action is made or done deliberately with you giving your full attention to it.
[반의어] unconscious
<명사> (정신분석) [the ~] 의식
[어근] ⑴ con(com); 함께, with, together ⑵ sci; 알다, know ⑶ ous; …이 많은, …성(性)의
[어원] 《라틴어 conscius》 knowing, aware; knowing with others or in oneself
[최초 의미] knowing, privy to
[파생] consciously, consciousness, conscious
[계열] nice, science, scientist, scientific, conscious, consciousness, nicely, unconscious, neuroscientist, conscience, consciously, scientifically, neuroscience, unconsciously, subconsciously
cortex noun △[5566] from [씨앗말] cortex(껍질)
[본문] [32]That reduction in activity in Neymar's cortex reflects that he has absolute expertise in moving his feet.
[영한] (해부) (특히 대뇌) 피질
[영영] the outer layer of an organ in the body and especially of the brain
[굴절형] 복수형; cortices
[어근] cortex(cortic); 나무껍질, bark
[어원] 《라틴어 cortex》 껍질
[최초 의미] outer shell, husk;
[파생] cortical, cortically, cortex
[계열] cortex, cortisol, cortical, corticate, corticiform, corticifugal, corticipetal, cortisone, decorticate, decortication, decorticator
detect verb ★★★★[1827] from [씨앗말] detect(pp of detegere) 《 tect(덮다)
[본문] [24]But which part of the brain is best known for its role in processing fear and detecting threats?
[영한] (특히 알아내기 쉽지 않은 것을) 발견하다[알아내다/감지하다]
[영영] To detect something means to find it or discover that it is present somewhere by using equipment or making an investigation.
[굴절형] detected, detected, detecting, detects
[유의어] discern
[어근] ⑴ de; un, from ⑵ tect; to cover
[어원] 《라틴어 detectus》 pp of detegere;
[최초 의미] uncover, lay bare, expose, disclose, reveal
[파생] detect, detectable, detecter, detectible, detection, detective
[계열] protect, protection, detect, detective, protective, detector, protector, tile, detection, unprotected, contection, detectable, detecter, detectible, integument
elite adj. ★★★[3172] from [씨앗말] elite 《 lect(모으다)
[본문] [77]But in a game where every tiny decision counts, elite clubs are turning to neuroscience to understand how players can think, decide and perform even faster.
[영한] 엘리트의[에게 적합한], 정선된, 우량(품)의
[영영] Elite people or organizations are considered to be the best of their kind.
<명사> 엘리트 (계층)
[어근] ⑴ e(ex); 밖으로 ⑵ lite(lect); 모으다
[어원] 《라틴어 legere》 선택하다, 모으다, 획득하다, 고르다, 읽다, 뜻하다
[계열] lesson, election, collect, intelligence, collection, select, selection, intelligent, elect, intellectual, collective, elite, lecture, leg, legend
essentially adv. ★★★★[2006] from [씨앗말] essence 《 esse(존재하다[있다])
[본문] [33]And it's essentially done with very, very little conscious effort.
[영한] 근본[기본/본질]적으로
[영영] You use essentially to emphasize a quality that someone or something has, and to say that it is their most important or basic quality.
[유의어] basically(기본적으로), fundamentally(근본적으로), basically(근본적으로)
[어근] ⑴ ess(esse); to be ⑵ ent(ant); 접미어 ⑶ ial(al); 접미사 ⑷ ly; 부사/형용사 어미
[파생] essence, essential, essentially
[계열] animal, usual, hospital, capital, hotel, dial, social, actually, finally, especially, usually, natural, special, political, personal
expertise noun ★★[3826] from [씨앗말] expert 《 peri(경험)
[본문] [32]That reduction in activity in Neymar's cortex reflects that he has absolute expertise in moving his feet.
[영한] 전문 지식[기술]
[영영] Expertise is special skill or knowledge that is acquired by training, study, or practice.
[굴절형] 셀 수 없는 명사
[어근] ⑴ ex; 밖으로 ⑵ pert(peri); 실험, 경험, 노력 ⑶ ise; …의 기능(명사어미)
[어원] 《라틴어 expertus》 [past participle of experiri] tried, proved, known by experience
[최초 의미] quality or state of being an expert
[계열] experience, expert, experiment, experimental, expertise, inexperienced, experimentation, experienceable, experienced, experiential, expertly, expertness, peri
fan noun △[3471] from [씨앗말] fancy(power of imagination) 《 fantasy(power of imagination)
[본문] [4]Neil, I'm not a huge fan of football, but I know you are.
[영한] (영화/스포츠 등의) 팬, …광(狂)
[어근] fan(phan); 보여주다, show, appear
[어원] 《그리스어 phantasia》 [from phantazesthai] power of imagination; appearance, image, perception
[최초 의미] devotee
[계열] emphasis, fantasy, fantastic, emphasise, phenomenon, fancy, phase, emphasize, fan, pant, phenomenal, profane, fanatic, profanity, diaphanous
founder noun ★★★★[2069] from [씨앗말] found 《 fund(바닥)
[본문] [51]Here's Niklas Hausler, founder and CEO of Neuro 11, talking to the BBC World Service.
[영한] 창립자, 설립자
[영영] The founder of an institution, organization, or building is the person who got it started or caused it to be built, often by providing the necessary money.
[굴절형] 복수형; founders
<동사> ① (계획 등이) (특정한 문제점 때문에) 실패하다[좌초되다] ② (배가) 침몰하다
[구성단어] found + er
[어근] ⑴ found(fund); 기초, found ⑵ er; 접미어
[어원] 《라틴어 fundus》 바닥, 토대[기초], 땅의 일부분; 농장
[계열] found, fund, founder, foundation, fundamental, funding, profound, fundamentally, co-founder, unfounded, fundamentalist, foundational, foundationally, foundationary, foundationless
hopefully adv. ★★★[2501] from [씨앗말] hopeful(신뢰를 갖다) 《 hope
[본문] [42]So it could be something like they're not great at storing lots of information, so we're trying to overwhelm them, in a safe environment like training, that's where the development and improvement can happen to hopefully affect when they go out into games or cup competitions.
[영한] ① 바라건대 ② 희망[기대]을 갖고
[영영] You say hopefully when mentioning something that you hope will happen. Some careful speakers of English think that this use of hopefully is not correct, but it is very frequently used.
[어근] ⑴ hope; 희망 ⑵ ful; ~ 가득한(量) ⑶ ly; 부사어미
[어원] 《고대 영어 hopian》 신뢰를 갖다, 확신을 갖다, 확신을 갖고 추정하다, 신뢰하다
[파생] hopeful, hopefully, hopefulness, hope
[계열] hope, hopefully, hopeful, hopeless, hopelessness, hopelessly, hopefulness, hoper
improvement noun ★★★★[2147] from [씨앗말] improve(이익이 되다) 《 proud(보탬이 되는)
[본문] [42]So it could be something like they're not great at storing lots of information, so we're trying to overwhelm them, in a safe environment like training, that's where the development and improvement can happen to hopefully affect when they go out into games or cup competitions.
[영한] ① 향상 ② 개선, 호전
[영영] If there is an improvement in something, it becomes better. If you make improvements to something, you make it better.
[굴절형] 복수형; improvements
[구성단어] improve + ment
[어근] ⑴ im(en); 안에 두다, in, 하게하다 ⑵ prove(proud); 이익, profit, value ⑶ ment; 명사 어미
[어원] 《프랑스말 emprouwer》 이익이 되다
[파생] improvability, improvable, improvableness, improvably, improvement, improver, improvingly, improve
[계열] improve, proud, improvement, pride, proudly, improvability, improvable, improvableness, improvably, improver, improvingly, prideful, pridefully, proudness
instinct noun ★★★[2596] from [씨앗말] instinct(to incite) 《 stinct(찌르다)
[본문] [13]We're watching these athletes make decisions in split instincts, under the highest pressures and the highest intensities.
[영한] ① 본능, 타고난 소질 ② 직감
[영영] Instinct is the natural tendency that a person or animal has to behave or react in a particular way.
[굴절형] 복수형; instincts
[유의어] intuition(직감), nose(알아보는 능력)
[어근] ⑴ in; into ⑵ stinct; prick, goad
[어원] 《라틴어 instinguere》 to incite, impel
[최초 의미] a prompting" (obsolete)
[파생] instinct, instinctive, instinctively, instinctual, instinctually
[계열] instinct, distinguish, distinctive, extinction, distinct, distinction, extinct, instinctively, instinctive, distinctly, distinctively, distinctiveness, distinctness, distinguishable, distinguishably
intensity noun ★★★[3015] from [씨앗말] intense 《 tend(늘이다[길게 하다])
[본문] [13]We're watching these athletes make decisions in split instincts, under the highest pressures and the highest intensities.
[영한] ① 강렬함, 강함, 격렬함 ② (보통 전문 용어) (빛 등의) 강도[세기]
[영영] ① the quality or state of being intense; extreme strength or force
② the degree or amount of strength or force that something has
[굴절형] 복수형; intensities
[구성단어] intense + ity
[어근] ⑴ in; towards ⑵ tens(tend); 뻗치다, 잡아당기다 ⑶ ity; 명사어미
[어원] 《라틴어 intendere》 [in("toward")+tendere("to stretch")] stretch out, extend; turn one's attention, strain (in quest of something), be zealous
[파생] intense, intensely, intenseness, intensify, intension, intensity, intensive
[계열] attention, tend, intend, extend, pretend, intention, intense, attend, tent, extent, intent, tendency, intensity, extensive, tension
margin noun ★★[3935] from [씨앗말] margin
[본문] [54]And when we talk about margins, those are the little margins that can make all the difference.
[영한] ① (책 페이지의) 여백 ② (시간/득표 수 등의) 차이[차] ③ (상업) ④ (어떤 일의 성공을 확실히 하기 위한 시간/공간/돈 등의) 여유[여지] ⑤ (장소의) 가장자리[끝] ⑥ (주류에 포함되지 않는) 주변부 ⑦ (호주 영어, 뉴질랜드 영어) (특별한 기술/책무에 대해 기본임금에 더해 주는) 추가 수당
[영영] A margin is the difference between two amounts, especially the difference in the number of votes or points between the winner and the loser in an election or other contest.
[굴절형] 복수형; margins
[유의어] fringe(주변부)
<동사> ① …에 가장자리를 붙이다 ② (주(註)/적요 따위를) 난외[여백] 에 써넣다[인쇄하다] , …에 방주(旁註) 를 달다 ③ (상업) …의 증거금을 치르다, 보증금을 주고 확보하다.
[어근] margin; edger, margin
[어원] 《라틴어 margo》 [from PIE root *merg-] edge, brink, border, margin
[최초 의미] edge of a sea or lake
[파생] marginal, marginality, marginally, margin
[계열] margin, marginal, marginalise, marginality, marginally
match noun ★★★[2879] from [씨앗말] match
[본문] [50]In a football match, high-pressure scenarios like penalties, corners and free kicks offer rare moments of stillness.
[영한] ① 성냥 (한 개비) ② 화승(火繩)
[굴절형] 복수형; matches
[어근] match; 성냥, match
[어원] 《라틴어 datum》 thing given
[최초 의미] stick for striking fire.
[계열] match
mentally adv. ★★★[3140] from [씨앗말] mental(마음) 《 ment(마음)
[본문] [53]If you don't focus right in those moments, and let's say mentally you're all over the place, then it becomes more difficult to, to have an accurate corner and to try to win the game.
[영한] 정신적으로, 마음속으로
[영영] mental + ly
[구성단어] mental + ly
[어근] ⑴ ment; mind ⑵ al; ~의(형용사어미) ⑶ ly; 부사어미
[어원] 《라틴어 mens》 마음
[파생] mentality, mentally, mental
[계열] mention, mental, comment, mentally, mentality, commentator, reminiscent, reminiscence, dementia, commentary, commentable, commentarial, commentate, commentative, commenter
neurologically adv.[10000+] from [씨앗말] neurolog 《 neuro(신경)
[본문] [14]It made a lot of sense to go, well, neurologically or cognitively, there's something going on.
[영한] 신경학상으로.
[영영] ① In a neurological manner.
② With regard to neurology.
[구성단어] neurological + ly
[어근] ⑴ neuro; 신경, nerve ⑵ log; 말, 학문, word ⑶ ical(ic); 형용사 어미 ⑷ ly; 접미사
[어원] 《그리스어 neurologia》 [neuro+-logia]
[파생] neurologically, neurological
[계열] technology, psychological, psychologist, psychology, biological, biology, dialogue, technological, apology, theology, apologize, theological, apologise, ideological, ideology
neuroscience noun △[7652] from [씨앗말] neuroscience 《 sci(알다)
[본문] [31]Here's Holly Bridge, Professor of neuroscience at the University of Oxford talking about this research to the BBC World Service.
[영한] 신경 과학
[굴절형] 셀 수 없는 명사
[구성단어] neuro + science
[어근] ⑴ neuro; 신경, nerve ⑵ sci; know, 알다 ⑶ ence(ance); 명사어미
[어원] 《라틴어 scire》 알다
[파생] neuroscientific, neuroscientist, neuroscience
[계열] nice, science, scientist, scientific, conscious, consciousness, nicely, unconscious, neuroscientist, conscience, consciously, scientifically, neuroscience, unconsciously, subconsciously
overwhelm verb ★★[3578] from [씨앗말] overwhelm(아치형) 《 whelm(arched)
[본문] [42]So it could be something like they're not great at storing lots of information, so we're trying to overwhelm them, in a safe environment like training, that's where the development and improvement can happen to hopefully affect when they go out into games or cup competitions.
[영한] ① (격한 감정이) 휩싸다[압도하다] ② 제압하다 ③ (너무 많은 일 등으로) 어쩔 줄 모르게 만들다 ④ …을 완전히 뒤덮다
[영영] If you are overwhelmed by a feeling or event, it affects you very strongly, and you do not know how to deal with it.
[굴절형] overwhelmed overwhelmed overwhelming overwhelms
[유의어] overcome, overpower, flood, overcome(압도당하다)
[구성단어] over + whelm
[어근] ⑴ over; 너무, over ⑵ whelm; 덮다, 압도하다, whelm
[어원] 《고대 영어 hwealf》 아치형, 오목한, 아치형 지붕의, 아치형 또는 아치형 천장
[최초 의미] to turn upside down, overthrow, knock over,
[계열] overwhelm, overwhelmingly, overwhelming, whelm
passion noun ★★★★[2217] from [씨앗말] passion 《 pati-(고통)
[본문] [7]I think it's the combination of the passion and also the skill and athleticism of the players.
[영한] ① 격정 ② 격노, 울화통 ③ 욕정 ④ 열정, 열정적으로 하는 취미[활동] ⑤ (기독교에서) 예수의 수난
[영영] Passion is strong sexual feelings towards someone.
[굴절형] 복수형; passions
[유의어] rage, love affair
<동사> 정열을 느끼다[나타내다]
[어근] ⑴ pass(pati); suffer, feel ⑵ ion; 명사어미
[어원] 《라틴어 pati》 고통받다
[최초 의미] the sufferings of Christ on the Cross; the death of Christ
[파생] passion, passional, passionate, passionately, passionateness
[계열] patient, passion, compassion, impatient, passionate, compassionate, passive, patience, compatible, impassion, incompatible, passively, passionately, compatibility, dispassion
peer noun ★★★★[2106] from [씨앗말] peer(같은) 《 par(같은)
[본문] [30]They found that his brain was a lot less active than the brains of his peers when he rotated his right ankle.
[영한] ① (나이신분이 같거나 비슷한) 또래[동배] ② (영국에서) 귀족
[영영] In Britain, a peer is a member of the nobility who has or had the right to vote in the House of Lords.
[굴절형] 복수형; peers
<동사> (특히 잘 안 보여서) 유심히 보다[눈여겨보다/응시하다]
[어근] peer(par); 같은, equal
[어원] 《라틴어 par》 같은
[최초 의미] an equal in rank or status
[계열] pair, compare, peer, comparison, comparable, comparative, comparatively, par, disparity, incomparable, comparativeness, comparer, disparage, incomparability, incomparableness
penalty noun ★★[3927] from [씨앗말] penal 《 poena(징벌)
[본문] [50]In a football match, high-pressure scenarios like penalties, corners and free kicks offer rare moments of stillness.
[영한] ① 처벌, 형벌, 벌금, 위약금 ② (…로 인한) 불이익 ③ (스포츠/게임에서 반칙에 대한) 벌칙 ④ (축구 등에서) 페널티 킥, 페널티골
[영영] punishment for breaking a rule or law
[굴절형] 복수형; penalties
[유의어] sanction(처벌)
[구성단어] penal + ty
[어근] ⑴ pen(poen-); 징벌, punish ⑵ al; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ty; 명사 어미
[어원] 《라틴어 poena》 징벌, 처벌
[파생] penal, penalty
[계열] pain, punishment, painful, punish, penalty, painkiller, painfully, painstakingly, painstaking, repent, impune, impunity, painfulness, painless, painstakingness
precision noun ☆[5052] from [씨앗말] precise(prae+cidere) 《 cide(자르다)
[본문] [49]Holly says that too many emotions can lead to a lack of precision and focus.
[영한] 정확(성), 정밀(성), 신중함 유의어 accuracy
[영영] If you do something with precision, you do it exactly as it should be done.
[굴절형] 셀 수 없는 명사
[유의어] accuracy
[구성단어] precise + ion
[어근] ⑴ pre; before ⑵ cis(cide); 끊다, to cut ⑶ ion; 명사 어미
[어원] 《라틴어 praecidere》 prae+cidere; to cut off, shorten
[최초 의미] a cutting off (mentally), abstraction, freedom from inessential elements
[파생] precise, preciseness, precision, precisionism, precisionist
[계열] decision, decide, precise, suicide, precisely, scissors, precision, decisive, circumcised, chisel, concise, cement, genocide, circumcise, pesticide
psychologist noun ★★★★[2015] from [씨앗말] psychology 《 psycho(영혼)
[본문] [12]Here's Tom Cooke, Academy psychologist for Nottingham Forest Football Club, talking to the BBC World Service.
[영한] 심리학자
[영영] A psychologist is a person who studies the human mind and tries to explain why people behave in the way that they do.
[굴절형] 복수형; psychologists
[구성단어] psychology + ist
[어근] ⑴ psycho(psych); 심리, mind, psyche ⑵ log; study of ⑶ ist; ~하는 사람(명사어미)
[어원] 《라틴어 psychologia》
[파생] psychological, psychologist, psychology
[계열] technology, psychological, psychologist, psychology, biological, biology, dialogue, technological, apology, theology, apologize, theological, apologise, ideological, ideology
quiz verb ★★[4104] from [씨앗말] quiz(넌 누구니?)
[본문] [22]I have a quiz question for you.
[영한] ① (많은) 질문을 하다, 심문하다 ② (학생들에게 비공식적으로간단히) 시험을 치다[테스트를 하다]
[영영] If you are quizzed by someone about something, they ask you questions about it.
[굴절형] quizzed, quizzed, quizzing, quizzes
[유의어] question
<명사> ① 퀴즈 ② (학생들에게 하는 비공식적인간단한) 시험[테스트]
[어근] quiz; quiz
[어원] 《라틴어 qui es》 넌 누구니?
[파생] quizzable, quizzer, quiz
[계열] quiz
quiz noun ★★[4104] from [씨앗말] quiz(넌 누구니?)
[본문] [60]Now, speaking of how emotions can affect performance, I think it's time for the answer to your quiz question Georgie.
[영한] ① 퀴즈 ② (학생들에게 하는 비공식적인간단한) 시험[테스트]
[영영] A quiz is a game or competition in which someone tests your knowledge by asking you questions.
[굴절형] 복수형; quizzes
<동사> ① (많은) 질문을 하다, 심문하다 ② (학생들에게 비공식적으로간단히) 시험을 치다[테스트를 하다]
[어근] quiz; quiz
[어원] 《라틴어 qui es》 넌 누구니?
[파생] quizzable, quizzer, quiz
[계열] quiz
reduction noun ★★★★[2630] from [씨앗말] reduce(지도자) 《 duc(이끌다)
[본문] [32]That reduction in activity in Neymar's cortex reflects that he has absolute expertise in moving his feet.
[영한] ① 축소, 삭감, 감소 ② 할인, 인하 ③ (사진/그림/지도 등의) 축소판[축도] ④ (화학) (어떤 물질에) 전자 첨가, (어떤 물질에서) 탈산소화
[영영] When there is a reduction in something, it is made smaller.
[굴절형] 복수형; reductions
[유의어] decrease, discount
[반의어] enlargement, enlargement(확대한 것)
[어근] ⑴ re; back ⑵ duct(duc); lead ⑶ ion; 명사어미
[어원] 《라틴어 dux》 지도자, 지휘관; 지방 총독
[파생] reducibility, reducible, reducibly, reduction, reductive, reduce
[계열] introduce, produce, product, reduce, education, production, conduct, producer, educational, educate, reduction, introduction, reproduce, productivity, educated
rotate verb △[7867] from [씨앗말] rotate 《 rota(바퀴)
[본문] [30]They found that his brain was a lot less active than the brains of his peers when he rotated his right ankle.
[영한] ① 회전하다[시키다] ② (일을) 교대로 하다, (사람이) 순환[교대] 근무를 하다
[영영] When something rotates or when you rotate it, it turns with a circular movement.
[굴절형] rotated, rotated, rotating, rotates
[어근] ⑴ rot; 바퀴, wheel ⑵ ate; 동사 어미
[어원] 《라틴어 rotare》 [from rota]
[최초 의미] revolve or move round a center or axis,
[파생] rotary, rotatable, rotate, rotation, rotational, rotationally, rotative
[계열] around, roll, round, control, role, uncontrolled, controlled, rotate, enroll, rotation, uncontrollable, out-of-control, rotational, roulette, uncontrollably
scenario noun △[4039] from [씨앗말] scene(무대)
[본문] [50]In a football match, high-pressure scenarios like penalties, corners and free kicks offer rare moments of stillness.
[영한] ① (미래에 가능한 일을 묘사한) 시나리오 ② (영화 등의) 시나리오, 각본
[영영] If you talk about a likely or possible scenario, you are talking about the way in which a situation may develop.
[굴절형] 복수형; scenarios
[유의어] synopsis
[어근] ⑴ scen; 무대, booth, tent ⑵ ario(ery); 명사 어미
[어원] 《그리스어 skene》 배우들을 위한 목재 무대, 천막, 연단
[최초 의미] sketch of the plot of a play,
[파생] scenarist, scenario
[계열] scene, scenario, scenery, parascenium, proscenium, scenic, scenography
specialised adj. △[10000+] from [씨앗말] special(갈래[종류]) 《 speci(갈래[종류])
[본문] [69]Expertise is specialised knowledge or skill gained through study or experience.
[영한] 전문적인, 전문화된
[영영] Someone or something that is specialized is trained or developed for a particular purpose or area of knowledge.
[구성단어] specialise + ed
[어근] ⑴ speci; 보다, see, kind, sort ⑵ al; 형용사어미 ⑶ is(ise); 동사 어미 ⑷ ed; 형용사 어미
[BRIT] 미국영어 ☞ specialized
[어원] 《라틴어 species》 [연관어 specere] 갈래[종류], 부류, 외관
[계열] especially, special, specific, specifically, specialist, spicy, spice, specially, specialise, specialty, specialize, specify, specification, specialised, speciality
split noun ★★★★[1973] from [씨앗말] split
[본문] [13]We're watching these athletes make decisions in split instincts, under the highest pressures and the highest intensities.
[영한] ① (사람들 사이의) 분열, 불화 ② 분할, 몫 ③ (길게 찢어진) 틈[구멍] ④ 스플릿 ⑤ 다리 벌리고 앉기
[영영] A split in an organization is a disagreement between its members.
[굴절형] 복수형; splits
<동사> ① (사람들이 견해 차이로) 분열되다, 의견이 갈리다, 분열시키다 ② (작은 부분들로) 나뉘다[나누다] ③ (몫 등을) 나누다 <형용사> ① (특히 세로로 또는 나뭇결처럼) 갈라진, 쪼개진, 분리한, 분열된 ② 갈라서 만든, 발라내어 말린[소금에 절인] (생선)
[어근] split; 나뉘다, split
[어원] 《중세 네덜란드말 splitten》 [from Proto-Germanic *spleitanan] to split
[최초 의미] narrow cleft, crack, fissure
[파생] splitter, split
[계열] split
stem noun ★★★[3089] from [씨앗말] stem(stem of a plant)
[본문] [26]a) the brain stem b) the amygdala c) the cerebellum
[영한] ① (식물의) 줄기 ② (포도주 잔의 가늘고 기다란) 손잡이 부분 ③ 담배설대 ④ -stemmed [형용사에서] 줄기가 …한 ⑤ (문법) 어간(語幹)
[굴절형] 복수형; stems
<동사> (흐름을) 막다[저지하다]
[어근] stem; 줄기, 손잡이, stem
[어원] 《고대 영어 stemn》 [from Proto-Germanic *stamniz] stem of a plant, trunk of a tree; either end-post of a ship
[최초 의미] stem of a plant, trunk of a tree
[파생] stemlike, stemmer, stem
[계열] stem, stemlike, stemmer
stillness noun[10000+] from [씨앗말] still
[본문] [50]In a football match, high-pressure scenarios like penalties, corners and free kicks offer rare moments of stillness.
[영한] 고요, 정적
[구성단어] still + ness
[어근] ⑴ still; still ⑵ ness; 성질, 상태, 정도
[어원] 《고대 영어 stille》 motionless, stable, fixed, stationary
[파생] stillness, still
[계열] still, stillness
transcript noun △[5550] from [씨앗말] transcript(쓰다) 《 scribe(쓰다)
[본문] [20]And don't forget to find a free transcript at bbclearningenglish.com.
[영한] ① (구술된 내용을) 글로 옮긴 기록[인쇄/전사한 것] ② (학생의) 성적 증명서 ③ 원고[대본]
[영영] A transcript of a conversation or speech is a written text of it, based on a recording or notes.
[구성단어] trans + script
[어근] ⑴ tran(trans); 건너가다, across ⑵ script(scrib); 기록, write
[어원] 《라틴어 scribere》 쓰다
[파생] transcribe, transcript
[계열] describe, description, script, prescription, manuscript, subscriber, prescribe, transcript, subscribe, circumscribe, scribe, conscription, conscript, scripture, ascribe
unknown adj. ★★★★[2359] from [씨앗말] know(알아채다)
[본문] [16]If there's something going on, something unknown and interesting is happening.
[영한] ① 알려지지 않은 ② (사람들이) 무명의, 이름 없는, 유명하지 않은 ③ 발생한[있은] 적이 없는
[영영] ① not known
② not well-known; not famous
<명사> ① 미지의 것(들)[세계] ② 잘 알려지지 않은 사람, 무명인 ③ 알 수 없는 것
[구성단어] un + known
[어근] ⑴ un; not ⑵ known(know); 알다, know
[어원] 《고대 영어 cnawan》 다른 것과 동일하다고 사물을 알아채다, 구별할 수 있다
[파생] unknownness, unknown
[계열] know, knowledge, unknown, acknowledge, knowing, knowledgeable, unknowingly, unknowing, knowingly, acknowledgeable, acknowledgement, acknowledger, acknowledgment, knowingness, knowledgeless
vocabulary noun ★★★[2925] from [씨앗말] vocabulary(단어[낱말]) 《 voc(부르다)
[본문] [67]OK, time for a vocabulary recap.
[영한] ① (개인이 아는/사용하는) 어휘 ② (특정 언어의 모든) 어휘 ③ (특정 주제에 관련된) 용어 ④ 어휘 목록(특히 외국어 학습 교재 속에 의미와 함께 제시된 것)
[영영] Your vocabulary is the total number of words you know in a particular language.
[굴절형] 복수형; vocabularies
[유의어] words and phrases
[어근] ⑴ vocabul(voc); 소리, voice ⑵ ary; 부속의
[어원] 《라틴어 vocabulum》 단어[낱말], 이름, 명사
[최초 의미] list of words with explanations
[파생] vocabularied, vocabulary
[계열] voice, advocate, vocabulary, vocal, provoke, invoke, evoke, evocative, equivocal, provocative, voiceless, vocation, vocational, advocacy, advocation
website noun ★★★[2481] from [씨앗말] website(웹사이트) 《 site(장소)
[본문] [74]Once again, our six minutes are up, but remember you can find a free transcript, worksheet and quiz, on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
[영한] 웹사이트(기업/단체/개인이 정보를 올릴 수 있는 홈페이지)
[영영] A website is a set of data and information about a particular subject which is available on the Internet.
[굴절형] 복수형; websites
[구성단어] web + site
[어근] ⑴ web; 거미줄, web ⑵ site; 위치, 직위, place, position
[어원] 《영어 website》 웹사이트
[계열] situation, site, website, bombsite, campsite, situate, situational
worksheet noun △[5439] from [씨앗말] worksheet 《 sheet(옷 길이)
[본문] [74]Once again, our six minutes are up, but remember you can find a free transcript, worksheet and quiz, on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
[영한] ① (학습용) 연습 문제지[평가지] ② 작업 계획표[진행표] ③ 워크시트
[굴절형] 복수형; worksheets
[구성단어] work + sheet
[어근] ⑴ work; 일하다, work ⑵ sheet; sheet
[어원] 《고대 영어 sciete》 옷 길이, 덮기, 내프킨, 수건, 감추는 것
[계열] sheet, worksheet
이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다
- 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
- 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 PDF(금주의 PDF 및 기타 다운로드 파일) https://softca.tistory.com/3704
금주의 PDF 파일은 이곳을 클릭하세요.
새내기할배 6분영어의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC 러닝잉글리시 6분영어 [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다
https://softca.tistory.com/4?category=827780
본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 1800순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.
본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.
새내기할배 6분영어 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.
6분영어는 BBC 러닝잉글리시 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다. 
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| 금주(2026-07-16) 의 BBC 러닝잉글리시 다운로드 PDF 파일 목록 - [6분영어] What's in a footballer's brain? (0) | 2026.07.20 |
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