Many museums have been criticised for stealing ancient treasures during imperial times and that these items, such as the famous Parthenon marbles, should be returned. Beth and Neil discuss the controversial role of museums in the 21st Century and teach you related vocabulary.
많은 박물관들이 제국주의 시대 기간에 고대의 보물들을 수탈한 것에 대해 비난을 받아 오고 있습니다. 그래서 유명한 파르테논 대리석과 같은 저들 이러한 문화재들은 되돌려 줘야만 합니다. 베스와 닐이 21의 세기에 논란이 많은 박물관의 역할을 논의합니다. 그리고 당신에게 관련된 어휘를 가르칩니다.
이것은 이번 주제의 주요 내용입니다. 영어 단어를 공부할 때 스토리와 함께 공부하면 크게 도움이 됩니다. 다음은 이번 주에 수록된 주요 단어 목록들입니다.
advance v. ★★★★[1711] [레마] advance
[본문] [28]According to this view, white European culture was best because it was the most advanced, so it was their duty to help local cultures up the ladder, meaning to advance or make progress.
[영영] To advance means to move forward, often in order to attack someone.
[영한] ① (공격하거나 위협하기 위해) 다가가다, 진격하다 ② (지식기술 등이) 증진되다[진전을 보다] ③ 성공[출세]을 돕다 ④ 선불[선금]을 주다 ⑤ (아이디어이론계획을) 제기하다 ⑥ (일정을) 앞당기다 ⑦ 진행시키다 ⑧ (상업) (가격비용 등이) 오르다, 증가하다
[최초 의미] improve (something), further the development of
[굴절형] advanced, advanced, advancing, advances
[파생] advancement, advancer, advancingly, advance
[유의어] further(성공을 돕다), put forward(제기하다), bring forward(앞당기다), further, progress
[반의어] postpone, retreat(퇴각하다)
<명사> ① (특히 군대의) 전진, 진군 ② 진전, 발전 ③ 선금, 선불 <형용사> ① 사전(事前)의 ② 선발대
[어원] 《라틴어 abante》 [ab+ante] from before
[어근] ⑴ advan(advant); advance ⑵ ce; 명사 어미
advanced adj. ★★★★[1868] [레마] advance
[본문] [28]According to this view, white European culture was best because it was the most advanced, so it was their duty to help local cultures up the ladder, meaning to advance or make progress.
[영영] An advanced system, method, or design is modern and has been developed from an earlier version of the same thing.
[영한] ① 선진의 ② (학습 과정이) 고급[상급]의 ③ (발달 단계상) 후기의
[어원] 《라틴어 abante》 [ab+ante] from before
[어근] ⑴ advanc(advant); 분리, off, 떨어져서 ⑵ ed; 과거분사어미
ancestor n. ★★★[2332] [레마] ancestry < cede(가다)
[본문] [23]One is that all societies begin from a very rough base… We're all…our ancestors were hunter-gatherers at one stage, and then they go through the stage of farming, industry… all this while they're getting smarter and smarter, their brains are getting bigger and bigger, and they're moving from primitive magic to sophisticated religion, then maybe on to science.
[영영] Your ancestors are the people from whom you are descended.
[영한] ① (사람의) 조상, 선조 ② (동물의) 조상 ③ (기계의) 원형[전신]
[최초 의미] one from whom a person is descended
[굴절형] 복수형; ancestors
[파생] ancestor, ancestral, ancestrally, ancestry
[유의어] forebear(조상), forerunner(원형), progenitor
[구성단어] ancestry + or
[어원] 《라틴어 cedere》 가다, 진행하다, 떠나다, 승인하다, 양보하다, 산출하다, 자리를 내 주다
[어근] ⑴ an(ante); 앞, before ⑵ cest(cede); 가다 ⑶ or; 사람(명사어미)
anthropologist n.[9139] [레마] anthropoid < anthropo
[본문] [20]anthropologist, Professor Adam Kuper, has written a new book, The Museum of Other People, which discusses the idea that many museum artefacts were stolen and should be given back.
[영영] anthropology + ist
[영한] 인류학자
[굴절형] 복수형; anthropologists
[파생] anthropological, anthropologically, anthropologist, anthropology
[구성단어] anthropology + ist
[어근] ⑴ anthropo; 사람 ⑵ log; 말, word, 학문 ⑶ ist; 명사 어미
artefact n.[10000] [레마] fact
[본문] [49]OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned starting with artefact - an object of historical significance.
[영영] An artefact is an ornament, tool, or other object that is made by a human being, especially one that is historically or culturally interesting.
[영한] ① (특히 역사적/문화적 의미가 있는) 인공물[가공품] ② 공예품 ③ 인위 구조, 인공 산물 ④ 값싼 대량 생산품, (문명의) 소산
[굴절형] 복수형; artefacts
[유의어] artifact
[어원] 《라틴어 facere》 만들다, 하다
[어근] ⑴ arte(art); 예술, 기술, art ⑵ fact(fac); 만들다, 하다, make
[BRIT] 미국영어 ☞ artifact
benighted adj.[10000+] [레마] night
[본문] [25]And that's the imperial idea… and we're going to help these other poor benighted people up the ladder with us.
[영한] ① (사람이) 무지몽매한 ② (장소가) 미개한
[파생] benightedly, benightedness, benighted
[구성단어] benight + ed
[어원] 《고대 영어 niht》 (dative) (Anglo-Saxon) the dark part of a day; the night as a unit of time; darkness; (also) absence of spiritual illumination, moral darkness, ignorance
[어근] ⑴ be; by, about ⑵ night; 밤, night ⑶ ed; 형용사 어미
bronze n. ☆[5105] [레마] bronze
[본문] [10]Many argue that these treasures, such as the famous Parthenon marbles and Benin bronzes, should be returned.
[영영] Bronze is a yellowish-brown metal which is a mixture of copper and tin.
[영한] ① 청동 ② 구릿빛 ③ 청동으로 만든 작품 ④ 동메달
[최초 의미] alloy of copper and (usually) a smaller amount of tin
[굴절형] 복수형; bronzes
[파생] bronzy, bronze
<동사> ① 청동빛으로 만들다, 표면이 청동빛이 나게 처리하다, 햇볕에 태우다 ② 청동빛으로 되다, 햇볕에 타다 <형용사> 구릿빛의
[어원] 《이태리어 bronzo》 [from Medieval Latin bronzium, probably from Persian birinj] bronze
[어근] bronze; 청동, bronze
colonialism n.[10000+] [레마] colony
[본문] [32]The legacy of colonialism is now being publicly debated, but the question of returning stolen artefacts remains complex.
[영영] control by one country over another area and its people
[영한] 식민주의, 식민지 건설
[파생] colonialist, colonialism
[구성단어] colonial + ism
[어원] 《라틴어 colonia》 정착한 땅, 농장, 토지 부동산
[어근] ⑴ colon(cult); 경작, 농장, 거주 ⑵ ial(al); 형용사 어미 ⑶ ism; 명사 어미
complicated adj. ★★★★[1770] [레마] complicate < plic(접다)
[본문] [34]What's more, the history behind these objects is complicated.
[영영] If you say that something is complicated, you mean it has so many parts or aspects that it is difficult to understand or deal with.
[영한] 복잡한
[파생] complicatedly, complicatedness, complicated
[유의어] complex, intricate(복잡하다)
[반의어] uncomplicated
[구성단어] complicate + ed
[어근] ⑴ com; together ⑵ plic; 접은, fold ⑶ at(ate); 동사어미 ⑷ ed; 과거분사/형용사 어미
controversial adj. ★★★[2206] [레마] controvert < vert(회전하다)
[본문] [11]In this programme, we'll discuss the controversial role of museums in the 21st century, and as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
[영영] If you describe something or someone as controversial, you mean that they are the subject of intense public argument, disagreement, or disapproval.
[영한] ① 논란이 많은 ② 논쟁의, 논의의 여지가 있는, 쟁점(爭點)이 되는, 물의를 일으키는
[최초 의미] subject to controversy;
[파생] controversial, controversialism, controversialist, controversially, controvert, controversy
[반의어] non-controversial(논란이 많다), uncontroversial(논란이 많다)
[어원] 《라틴어 controversus》 [contra+versus] turned in an opposite direction, disputed, turned against
[어근] ⑴ contro(contra); 뒤, against ⑵ vers(verse); 돌다, turn ⑶ ial(al); 명/형용사 어미
criticise v. ☆[4576] [레마] critic < crit(구분짓다)
[본문] [9]But recently many museums have been criticised for stealing ancient treasures during imperial times - the age of the British empire.
[영영] If you criticize someone or something, you express your disapproval of them by saying what you think is wrong with them.
[영한] ① 비판[비난]하다 ② 비평하다 1. 비평[비판, 평론]하다
[최초 의미] to pass judgment (usually unfavorable) on something
[굴절형] criticised criticised criticising criticises
[파생] critic, critical, critically, criticisable, criticiser, criticisingly, criticism, criticizable, criticize, criticizer, criticizingly, crisis, criticise
[유의어] blame
[반의어] praise
[어원] 《그리스어 krinein》 구분짓다[나누다], 결정하다
[어근] ⑴ crit; judge, separate ⑵ ic; …의, 와 같은(것) ⑶ ise(ize); …(의 상태)로 만들다
[BRIT] 미국영어 ☞ criticize
destination n. ★★★[2843] [레마] destine
[본문] [6]Would it surprise you to hear that many tourists' top destination is actually a museum?
[영영] The destination of someone or something is the place to which they are going or being sent.
[영한] 목적지, (물품의) 도착지
[최초 의미] act of appointing, designation
[굴절형] 복수형; destinations
<형용사> 사람들이 특별히 찾는 호텔/상점/식당 등의
[구성단어] destine + ion
[어원] 《라틴어 destinare》 de+stinare; determine, appoint, choose, make firm or fast
[어근] ⑴ de; completely, formally ⑵ stin; 서다, stand ⑶ ation(ion); 명사어미
display v. ★★★★[1982] [레마] display < plic(접다)
[본문] [36]So how can museums display their artefacts to reflect this complex history.
[영영] If you display something that you want people to see, you put it in a particular place, so that people can see it easily.
[영한] ① 전시[진열]하다, 내보이다 ② (특히 자질느낌의 흔적을) 드러내다[보이다] ③ (컴퓨터 등이) (정보를) 보여주다[디스플레이하다] ④ (새동물의 수컷이) 구애 동작을 하다
[최초 의미] unfold, spread out, unfurl
[굴절형] displayed, displayed, displaying, displays
[파생] displayer, display
[유의어] exhibit(전시하다), put up, reveal, post, demonstrate
<명사> ① 전시, 진열 ② (사람들을 즐겁게 하기 위해 기교 등을 보여주는 것) ③ (특정한 자질느낌능력의) 표현[과시]
[어근] ⑴ dis; apart, not ⑵ play(plic); 접은, fold
display n. ★★★★[1982] [레마] display < plic(접다)
[본문] [42]An exhibition is a display showing a collection of artefacts.
[영영] A display is an arrangement of things that have been put in a particular place, so that people can see them easily.
[영한] ① 전시, 진열 ② (사람들을 즐겁게 하기 위해 기교 등을 보여주는 것) ③ (특정한 자질느낌능력의) 표현[과시] ④ 디스플레이(컴퓨터 화면에 나타나는 정보)
[굴절형] 복수형; displays
[파생] displayer, display
[유의어] demonstrate(보여 주다), show, compared
<동사> ① 전시[진열]하다, 내보이다 ② (특히 자질느낌의 흔적을) 드러내다[보이다] ③ (컴퓨터 등이) (정보를) 보여주다[디스플레이하다]
[어근] ⑴ dis; apart, not ⑵ play(plic); 접은, fold
empire n. ★★★[2914] [레마] empire < pare
[본문] [9]But recently many museums have been criticised for stealing ancient treasures during imperial times - the age of the British empire.
[영영] An empire is a number of individual nations that are all controlled by the government or ruler of one particular country.
[영한] ① 제국 ② 기업 왕국, 거대 기업
[최초 의미] territory subject to an emperor's rule;
[파생] emperor, empire, imperialize, imperially, imperialness, imperial
[어원] 《라틴어 parare》 준비시키다, 준비하다, 제공하다, 공급하다, 마련하다, 지시하다; 성사시키다, 설계하다, 의도하다, 해결하다; 구[입수]하다, 획득하다, 얻다, 받다, 돈으로 받다, 사다, 구입하다; 생산하다, 가져오다
[어근] ⑴ em(en); 안에 두다, in, 하게하다 ⑵ pire(pare); 준비, order
exhibition n. ★★★★[2035] [레마] exhibit < hab(갖다)
[본문] [42]An exhibition is a display showing a collection of artefacts.
[영영] An exhibition is a public event at which pictures, sculptures, or other objects of interest are displayed, for example at a museum or art gallery.
[영한] ① 전시회 ② 전시 ③ (기교 등의) 발휘, (감정 등의) 표현[드러냄] ④ (경시대회 등의 부상으로 주는) 장학금
[최초 의미] action of displaying,
[굴절형] 복수형; exhibitions
[파생] exhibit, exhibitable, exhibiter, exhibition, exhibitory
[어원] 《라틴어 exhibere》 ex+habere; to display, show, present
[어근] ⑴ ex; 밖으로 ⑵ hib(hab); 갖다, 거처하다 ⑶ it; 연결 글자 ⑷ ion; 명사 어미
firstly adv. ★★[3761] [레마] first < fore(앞)
[본문] [33]firstly, since many of these treasures are hundreds of years old, to whom should they be returned?
[영영] You use firstly in speech or writing when you want to give a reason, make a point, or mention an item that will be followed by others connected with it.
[영한] (여러 가지를 나열할 때) 첫째로[맨 먼저]
[유의어] first
[구성단어] first + ly
[어원] 《고대 영어 fyrst》 [superlative of fore] foremost, going before all others; chief, principal
[어근] ⑴ fir(fore); 앞, fore ⑵ st(est); 최상급 ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
gallery n. ★★★[2601] [레마] gallery
[본문] [53]An exhibition is a display of artefacts in a museum or paintings in an art gallery.
[영영] A gallery is a place that has permanent exhibitions of works of art in it.
[영한] ① 미술관, 화랑 ② 미술품점 ③ (대형 홀의 위층 뒷면이나 옆면) 좌석 ④ (극장에서 가장 표 값이 싼) 최상층 관람석 ⑤ (특히 특정 목적으로 쓰이는) 길쭉한 방 ⑥ (광산이나 지하 동굴의) 수평 갱도[통로]
[최초 의미] covered walk or passageway, narrow and partly open passageway along a wall,
[굴절형] 복수형; galleries
[유의어] passageway(낭하)
[어원] 《라틴어 galilea》 교회 현관
grand adj. ★★★[2759] [레마] grand
[본문] [13]Another of London's most visited museums, The Natural History Museum, features a grand entrance hall which, for decades, contained an impressive life-size model of a dinosaur.
[영영] If you describe a building or a piece of scenery as grand, you mean that its size or appearance is very impressive.
[영한] ① 웅장한, 장려한 ② 그랜드 ③ 원대한, 야심 찬 ④ (사람이) 위엄 있는, 당당한 ⑤ 아주 즐거운[멋진] ⑥ 대…
[최초 의미] large, big
[굴절형] 비교; grand < grander < grandest
[파생] grandeur, grandly, grandness, grand
<명사> ① 그랜드 피아노 ② 1,000달러[파운드] ③ 웅장한 것
[어원] 《라틴어 grandis》 big, great; full, abundant
[어근] grand; 광대한, grand
greet v. ★★★[3122] [레마] greet
[본문] [45]And speaking of dinosaurs, Neil, it's time for you to reveal the answer to your question: what was the name of the famous dinosaur which greeted visitors to London's Natural History Museum?
[영영] When you greet someone, you say `Hello' or shake hands with them.
[영한] ① 맞다, 환영하다 ② (특정한) 반응을 보이다, 받아들이다 ③ (특정한 순간에 맨 먼저 어떤 광경/소리/냄새가 눈/귀/코에) 들어오다 ④ 울다, 비탄하다, 슬퍼하다
[굴절형] greeted, greeted, greeting, greets
[어원] 《고대 영어 grætan》 울다, 슬퍼하다
[어근] greet; greet, weep, grate
hunt v. ★★★[2241] [레마] hunt
[본문] [27]Imperialists believed that mankind progressed through stages, starting as hunter-gatherers - people who lived before the invention of farming, and survived by hunting and collecting food in the wild.
[영영] If you hunt for something or someone, you try to find them by searching carefully or thoroughly.
[영한] ① 사냥하다 ② (찾기 힘든 것을) 찾다[뒤지다] ③ (체포하거나 해를 가하기 위해 사람을) 찾다[추적하다] ④ (영국에서 스포츠의 하나로) 여우 사냥을 하다
[최초 의미] chase game
[굴절형] hunted, hunted, hunting, hunts
[파생] huntedly, hunt
[유의어] search, search
<명사> ① (특히 찾기 힘든 사람사물을 찾는) 물색[수색/추적] (작업) ② 사냥 ③ (영국에서 스포츠로 하는) 여우 사냥
[어원] 《고대 영어 huntian》 chase game
[어근] hunt; 사냥, hunt
iconic adj.[9154] [레마] icon
[본문] [14]But what was this iconic dinosaur's name?
[영영] An iconic image or thing is important or impressive because it seems to be a symbol of something.
[영한] …의 상징[아이콘]이 되는, 우상의
[최초 의미] of or pertaining to a portrait
[어원] 《그리스어 eikon》 likeness, image, portrait
[어근] ⑴ icon; icon ⑵ ic; 형용사 어미
ideology n.[10000+] [레마] idea
[본문] [26]And opposed to this there's this other 19 century ideology which says, 'no, this is an imperialist myth. We have our own culture. There are no better or worse cultures, there are just national cultures'.
[영한] ① 이데올로기, 이념 ② (특히 특정 집단의 행동 양식에 영향이 큰) 관념
[굴절형] 복수형; ideologies
[파생] ideologic, ideological, ideologically, ideologize, ideology
[어원] 《라틴어 idea》 Platonic idea, archetype
[어근] ⑴ ideo; 생각, idea, thought ⑵ log; 말, 학문, word ⑶ y; 명사 어미
ill adj. ★★★★[1895] [레마] ill
[본문] [26]And opposed to this there's this other 19 century ideology which says, 'no, this is an imperialist myth. We have our own culture. There are no better or worse cultures, there are just national cultures'.
[영영] ① Someone who is ill is suffering from a disease or a health problem.
② You can use ill in front of some nouns to indicate that you are referring to something harmful or unpleasant.
[영한] ① [대개 명사 앞에는 안 씀] 아픈, 병 든, 몸[기분]이 안 좋은 ② 나쁜, 유해한 ③ 불길한
[최초 의미] morally evil; offensive, objectionable
[굴절형] 비교; ill < worse < worst
[파생] illness, ill
<명사> ① 문제, 해악, 병 ② (문예체) 해, 불운 <부사> ① 나쁘게, 불쾌하게 ② 잘못하여, 제대로 하지 않고 ③ 어렵게, 간신히
[어원] 《고대 노르웨이어 illr》 evil, bad; hard, difficult; mean, stingy
[어근] ill; 아픈, 병, ill
imperial adj.[10000+] [레마] empire < pare
[본문] [9]But recently many museums have been criticised for stealing ancient treasures during imperial times - the age of the British empire.
[영한] ① 제국의, 황제의 ② (도량형이 영국의) 야드/파운드법에 의한
[최초 의미] having a commanding quality,
[파생] emperor, emperorship, empire, imperialize, imperially, imperialness, imperial
[어원] 《라틴어 imperialis》 [from imperium] of the empire or emperor
[어근] ⑴ im(en); 안에 두다, in, 하게하다 ⑵ per(pare); 준비, order ⑶ ial(al); 형용사 어미
impressive adj. ★★★[2408] [레마] impress < press
[본문] [13]Another of London's most visited museums, The Natural History Museum, features a grand entrance hall which, for decades, contained an impressive life-size model of a dinosaur.
[영영] Something that is impressive impresses you, for example because it is great in size or degree, or is done with a great deal of skill.
[영한] (사물/사람이) 인상적인, 인상[감명] 깊은
[파생] impress, impresser, impressible, impression, impressive, impressively, impressiveness
[반의어] unimpressive(인상적이다)
[어원] 《라틴어 imprimere》 [in-⑵+premere] press into or upon, stamp
[어근] ⑴ im(in); in, into ⑵ press; to press ⑶ ive; 형용사어미
interconnected adj.[10000+] [레마] connect < nect(묶다)
[본문] [39]Everything is interconnected.
[영영] having all constituent parts linked or connected
[영한] 상호 연락[연결]된, 상관된
[파생] interconnectedness, interconnected
[구성단어] inter + connected
[어원] 《라틴어 connectere》 [com+nectere] join together
[어근] ⑴ inter; 사이, among ⑵ con(com); together ⑶ nect; 묶다, fasten ⑷ ed; 과거분사 어미
invention n. ★★★[2496] [레마] invent < vene
[본문] [27]Imperialists believed that mankind progressed through stages, starting as hunter-gatherers - people who lived before the invention of farming, and survived by hunting and collecting food in the wild.
[영영] An invention is a machine, device, or system that has been invented by someone.
[영한] ① 발명품 ② 발명 ③ (사실이 아닌 것을) 지어냄[날조], 지어낸[날조된] 이야기 ④ 창의력, 독창성
[최초 의미] finding or discovering of something
[굴절형] 복수형; inventions
[파생] invent, inventable, inventible, invention, inventional, inventionless, inventive
[어원] 《라틴어 inventus》 pp of invenire;
[어근] ⑴ in; in, on ⑵ vent; to come ⑶ ion; 명사어미
ladder n. ★★★[3020] [레마] ladder
[본문] [25]And that's the imperial idea… and we're going to help these other poor benighted people up the ladder with us.
[영영] A ladder is a piece of equipment used for climbing up something or down from something. It consists of two long pieces of wood, metal, or rope with steps fixed between them.
[영한] ① 사다리, 사닥다리 ② (조직활동 분야 등에서 성공하기 위해 밟고 올라가는) 단계[사다리] ③ (스타킹타이츠의) 올이 풀린 곳 ④ 사다리식 토너먼트 경기
[최초 의미] ladder, steps
<동사> (스타킹타이츠가[에]) 올이 풀리다[풀리게 하다]
[어원] 《고대 영어 hlædder》 ladder, steps
[어근] ladder; 사다리, ladder
legacy n. ★★★[2854] [레마] leg
[본문] [32]The legacy of colonialism is now being publicly debated, but the question of returning stolen artefacts remains complex.
[영영] A legacy is money or property which someone leaves to you when they die.
[영한] ① (죽은 사람이 남긴) 유산 ② (과거의) 유산
[최초 의미] body of persons sent on a mission
[유의어] inheritance
[어원] 《라틴어 legare》 위임하여 보내다, 대리인으로 지정하다, 유서로 지정하다, 선택하다
[어근] ⑴ leg; 파견하다, 보내다, send ⑵ acy(cy); 명사어미
magic n. ★★★[2202] [레마] magic
[본문] [23]One is that all societies begin from a very rough base… We're all…our ancestors were hunter-gatherers at one stage, and then they go through the stage of farming, industry… all this while they're getting smarter and smarter, their brains are getting bigger and bigger, and they're moving from primitive magic to sophisticated religion, then maybe on to science.
[영영] Magic is the power to use supernatural forces to make impossible things happen, such as making people disappear or controlling events in nature.
[영한] ① 마법, 마술, 도술 ② (사람들을 즐겁게 하기 위한) 마술 ③ 마력, (믿기 어려울 정도로 특별한) 매력[능력]
[최초 의미] art of influencing or predicting events and producing marvels using hidden natural forces; supernatural art
[굴절형] 셀 수 없는 명사
[파생] magic, magical, magically, magician
[유의어] conjuring(마술), enchantment(매력)
<동사> 요술을 부려서[부리듯] 나타나게[사라지게/바뀌게] 하다 <형용사> ① 마법[마술]의 ② 마력을 발휘하는, 아주 특별한 ③ 아주 멋진[즐거운]
[어원] 《그리스어 magikos》 from magos; magical
[어근] ⑴ mag; 마법, magic ⑵ ic; …의, 와 같은(것)
mankind n. ☆[4623] [레마] man
[본문] [27]Imperialists believed that mankind progressed through stages, starting as hunter-gatherers - people who lived before the invention of farming, and survived by hunting and collecting food in the wild.
[영영] You can refer to all human beings as mankind when considering them as a group. Some people dislike this use.
[영한] 인류, (모든) 인간, 사람들
[굴절형] 셀 수 없는 명사
[구성단어] man + kind
[어원] 《고대 영어 mann》 인간, 남자[또는 여자] 사람, 용감한 사람, 영웅
marble n. ☆[5648] [레마] marble
[본문] [10]Many argue that these treasures, such as the famous Parthenon marbles and Benin bronzes, should be returned.
[영영] Marble is a type of very hard rock which feels cold when you touch it and which shines when it is cut and polished. Statues and parts of buildings are sometimes made of marble.
[영한] ① 대리석 ② (아이들이 가지고 노는) 구슬 ③ 구슬치기 ④ 제정신, 지적 능력
[최초 의미] type of crystalline limestone much used in sculpture, monuments,
[굴절형] 복수형; marbles
[파생] marbled, marbleize, marbler, marbly, marble
<동사> (종이/비누 따위에) 대리석 무늬를 넣다. <형용사> ① 대리석의[으로 만든] , 대리석 무늬가 있는, 대리석 비슷한. ② (대리석처럼) 단단한, 찬, 무정한, 꼼짝 않는 ③ (대리석처럼) 반드러운(smooth) , 흰
[어원] 《그리스어 marmaros》 대리석, 빛나는 돌; 스파클링; 반짝이는 돌
[어근] marble; 대리석, marble
myth v. ★★[3354] [레마] myth
[본문] [26]And opposed to this there's this other 19 century ideology which says, 'no, this is an imperialist myth. We have our own culture. There are no better or worse cultures, there are just national cultures'.
[영한] …을 신화화하다.
[파생] mythic, mythical, mythically, myth
<명사> ① 신화 ② (많은 사람들의) 근거 없는 믿음, 신화
[어원] 《그리스어 mythos》 speech, thought, word, discourse, conversation; story, saga, tale, myth, anything delivered by word of mouth
[어근] myth; 이야기, story
onwards adv.[10000+] [레마] ward
[본문] [24]So, it's onwards and upwards.
[영한] ① (특정 시간부터) 계속 ② 앞으로
[구성단어] onward + s
[어원] 《고대 영어 weard》 the action of keeping a lookout for danger
[어근] ⑴ on; on ⑵ ward; …쪽의[으로] ⑶ s; 부사 어미
opposing adj. ★★[3511] [레마] oppose < pose
[본문] [31]An opposing view argued that each culture is unique and should be valued and protected.
[영영] Opposing ideas or tendencies are totally different from each other.
[영한] ① (팀/군대/힘 등이) 서로 겨루는[대립하는/싸우는] ② (태도/견해 등이) 서로 다른[대립되는]
[파생] oppose, opposer, opposing, opposingly, opposite, opposition, oppositive, opponent
[구성단어] oppose + ing
[어원] 《라틴어 opponere》 ob+ponere; set against
[어근] ⑴ op(ob); against ⑵ pos(pose); 두다, 놓다, put ⑶ ing; 형용사 어미
oppressive adj.[10000+] [레마] oppress < press
[본문] [40]Of course, these connections are sometimes violent, sometimes oppressive, sometimes very difficult, sometimes very painful.
[영영] ① very cruel or unfair
② very unpleasant or uncomfortable
[영한] ① 억압[탄압]하는, 억압적인 ② (날씨가) 숨이 막힐 듯한, 후텁지근한 ③ (근심/걱정으로) 답답한[질식할 것 같은]
[파생] oppress, oppressingly, oppression, oppressive, oppressively, oppressiveness, oppressor
[유의어] stifling
[구성단어] oppress + Ive
[어원] 《라틴어 premere》 누르다, (교분 따위가) 굳게 유지되다, 덮다, 붐비다, 꾹 누르다[압축하다]
[어근] ⑴ ob; 반대, to ⑵ press; 누르다, press ⑶ ive; 형용사 어미
painful adj. ★★★[2507] [레마] pain
[본문] [40]Of course, these connections are sometimes violent, sometimes oppressive, sometimes very difficult, sometimes very painful.
[영영] If a part of your body is painful, it hurts because it is injured or because there is something wrong with it.
[영한] ① (몸이) 아픈[고통스러운] ② (마음이) 괴로운[고통스러운] ③ 골치 아픈, 성가신
[굴절형] 비교; painful < painfuller < painfullest
[파생] painful, painfully, painfulness, painless, pain
[유의어] hind
[구성단어] pain + ful
[어원] 《라틴어 poena》 징벌, 처벌
[어근] ⑴ pain(poena); 징벌, punish ⑵ ful; 형용사 어미
palace n. ★★★[3108] [레마] palace
[본문] [5]London has many tourist attractions, from Big Ben to Buckingham palace.
[영영] A palace is a very large impressive house, especially one which is the official home of a king, queen, or president.
[영한] ① 궁전 ② (특히 영국의) 왕실 ③ 대궐 같은 집, 대저택 ④ 팰리스(호텔/극장 같은 대규모 공공건물)
[최초 의미] official residence of an emperor, king, queen, archbishop, etc.,
[굴절형] 복수형; palaces
[파생] palatial, palace
[어원] 《라틴어 palatium》 [from Mons Palatinus] the Palatine hill
[어근] palace; 궁전, palace
primitive adj. ☆[4589] [레마] primitive < prime
[본문] [23]One is that all societies begin from a very rough base… We're all…our ancestors were hunter-gatherers at one stage, and then they go through the stage of farming, industry… all this while they're getting smarter and smarter, their brains are getting bigger and bigger, and they're moving from primitive magic to sophisticated religion, then maybe on to science.
[영영] Primitive means belonging to a society in which people live in a very simple way, usually without industries or a writing system.
[영한] ① (산업화되기 이전의) 원시 사회의 ② (인간동물 발달) 초기의, 원시적인 단계의 ③ (물건 따위가 덜 발달하고 불편하여) 원시적인 ④ (감정욕구가) 원초[원시]적인
[최초 의미] of an original cause
[파생] primitively, primitiveness, primitive
[유의어] crude(원시적이다), savage
<명사> ① 프리미티브, 프리미티프 ② 프리미티브 아트
[어원] 《라틴어 primus》 처음, 처음의
[어근] ⑴ prim(prime); 제일, 제1, first ⑵ it; 연결글자 ⑶ ive; 형용사어미
promisingly adv.[10000+] [레마] promise < mit(보내다)
[본문] [48]The 26-metre-long dinosaur was displayed from 1905 until 2017 when it was replaced by the skeleton of a female blue whale promisingly named, Hope.
[영영] promising + ly
[영한] 전도 유망하게 , 전망 좋게.
[파생] promisingly, promising
[구성단어] promising + ly
[어원] 《라틴어 mittere》 보내다; 놓다; 위치시키다; 놓아 주다, 가게 하다, 던지다
[어근] ⑴ pro; before ⑵ mis(mit); to release, let go ⑶ ing; 현재분사어미 ⑷ ly; 부사 어미
publicly adv. ★★★[2446] [레마] public < publ
[본문] [32]The legacy of colonialism is now being publicly debated, but the question of returning stolen artefacts remains complex.
[영한] 공공연하게, 공개적으로, 공적으로, 여론에 의해, 정부에 의해
[파생] public, publicity, publicize, publicly
[구성단어] public + ly
[어원] 《라틴어 publicus》 [altered (probably by influence of Latin pubes] blend of poplicus; of the people; of the state; done for the state; common, general, public; ordinary, vulgar; a commonwealth; public property
[어근] ⑴ publ; of the people ⑵ ic; …의, 와 같은(것) ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
rough adj. ★★★★[2040] [레마] rough
[본문] [23]One is that all societies begin from a very rough base… We're all…our ancestors were hunter-gatherers at one stage, and then they go through the stage of farming, industry… all this while they're getting smarter and smarter, their brains are getting bigger and bigger, and they're moving from primitive magic to sophisticated religion, then maybe on to science.
[영영] If a surface is rough, it is uneven and not smooth.
[영한] ① (표면이) 고르지[매끈하지] 않은, 거친 ② (상세하지 않고) 대충[대강] 한, 개략적인 ③ (행동이) 거친[난폭한] ④ (지역이) 범죄[폭력]가 많은 ⑤ (바다가) 거친, 파도가 심한 ⑥ (날씨가) 거친 ⑦ 힘든, 골치 아픈 ⑧ 기분[몸]이 좋지 않은 ⑨ 기본 뼈대만 갖춘, 간단하게[대충] 만든 ⑩ (맛소리 등이) 부드럽지[매끄럽지] 않은
[굴절형] 비교; rough < rougher < roughest
[파생] rough, roughen, rougher, roughness, roughly
[유의어] approximate(대충 하다), tough(힘들다), asperate(거칠다)
[반의어] smooth(고르지 않다), soft
<명사> ① 러프 ② 초고, 밑그림 ③ 구식 비격식 <동사> ① 거칠게 하다, 깔쭉깔쭉[울퉁불퉁]하게 하다, 교란시키다, (편자에) 스파이크를 달다 ② 거칠게 다루다, 학대하다, 심한 말을 쓰다 , (구기에서 상대방을) 일부러 거칠게 공격하다, 화나게 하다 ③ 거칠게 만들다, (다이아몬드 등을) 대충 자르다, (삼을) 대충 쪼개다 , 대강의 모양을 만들어 내다 , 대충 넣어 채우다 <부사> 거칠게, 난폭하게
[어원] 《고대 영어 ruh》 rough, coarse (of cloth); hairy, shaggy; untrimmed, uncultivated
[어근] rough; 거친, rough
significance n.[10000+] [레마] signify < sign
[본문] [49]OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned starting with artefact - an object of historical significance.
[영영] The significance of something is the importance that it has, usually because it will have an effect on a situation or shows something about a situation.
[영한] ① 중요성, 중대성, 의의 ② 의미
[굴절형] 복수형; significances
[파생] significance, significant, significantly, signify
[유의어] substance(중요성)
[구성단어] signify + ance
[어원] 《라틴어 significare》 to make signs, show by signs, point out, express; mean, signify; foreshadow, portend
[어근] ⑴ sign; 표시, sign ⑵ I; 연결글자 ⑶ fic; make, 만들다 ⑷ ance; 명사 어미
skeleton n.[8918] [레마] skeleton
[본문] [48]The 26-metre-long dinosaur was displayed from 1905 until 2017 when it was replaced by the skeleton of a female blue whale promisingly named, Hope.
[영영] Your skeleton is the framework of bones in your body.
[영한] ① 뼈대, 골격, 해골 ② (몹시 여위어서) 해골 같은[뼈만 남은] 사람[짐승] ③ (건물 등의) 뼈대[골격] ④ (계획/글 등의) 뼈대 ⑤ (무엇을 하는 데 필요한) 최소한의 기본 인원, 승무원 등
[최초 의미] bones, bony framework of the body
[굴절형] 복수형; skeletons
[파생] skeletal, skeletally, skeletonize, skeleton-like, skeleton
[유의어] framework(뼈대)
<형용사> ① 해골의, (계획이) 골격뿐인, 개략의 ② (인원/서비스 등의) 최소한도의, 기간(基幹)의
[어원] 《그리스어 skeleton》 [from neuter of skeletos] dried-up body, mummy, skeleton
[어근] skeleton; 뼈대, skeleton
sophisticate v.[10000+] [레마] sophist < soph(학습된)
[본문] [23]One is that all societies begin from a very rough base… We're all…our ancestors were hunter-gatherers at one stage, and then they go through the stage of farming, industry… all this while they're getting smarter and smarter, their brains are getting bigger and bigger, and they're moving from primitive magic to sophisticated religion, then maybe on to science.
[영한] ① 궤변으로 속이다, 부회(附會)하다. ② (원문을) 편리하게[함부로] 고치다(tamper with). ③ (술/담배 따위에) 불순물을 섞다(adulterate). ④ 순진성을 잃게 하다. (세파/사악에) 물들게 하다(spoil the simplicity of). ⑤ 궤변을 부리다(use sophistry), 강변(强辯)하다, 억지 이론을 늘어놓다(quibble).
[최초 의미] make impure by admixture
[파생] sophisticate, sophisticatedly, sophistication, sophisticator, sophisticated
[유의어] adulterate(불순물을 섞다), tamper with(편리하게 고치다), spoil the simplicity of(세파에 물들게 하다), use sophistry(궤변을 부리다), quibble(억지 이론을 늘어놓다)
<명사> 세련된[교양 있는] 사람
[어원] 《그리스어 sophos》 손기술이 뛰어난, 공예에 정교한, 일상의 삶의 문제에 영리한, 슬기로운, 과학에 숙련된, 학습된, 너무 영리한
[어근] ⑴ soph; 현명 ⑵ istic; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ate; 명사 어미
superior adj. ★★★[2803] [레마] superior < super
[본문] [21]Here he speaks to BBC Radio 4 programme, Thinking Allowed, about two sides of the debate: one which saw European culture as superior, and another which didn't.
[영한] ① (…보다 더) 우수한[우세한/우월한] ② 상관의, 상급의 ③ 거만한 ④ (다른 유사 상품들보다 질적으로) 우수한
[최초 의미] higher in position
[파생] superiority, superiorly, superior
[유의어] arrogant, patronising
[반의어] inferior
<명사> ① 윗사람, 선배, 상급자, 상관 ② (종교 공동체의) -장(長)
[어원] 《프랑스어 superior》 [from Latin superiorem (nominative superior)] higher, upper
[어근] ⑴ super; 위, over, beyond ⑵ ior; (더) ~ 하는, ~더 하는 사람
temporary adj. ★★★[2614] [레마] temporary < temp(시간)
[본문] [38]I want to see a lot more temporary exhibitions and the kinds of exhibitions that I would be interested in are not about one particular tradition, but about the relationships between different cultural traditions.
[영영] Something that is temporary lasts for only a limited time.
[영한] 일시적인, 임시의
[최초 의미] lasting only for a time
[파생] temporarily, temporariness, temporize, temporary
[유의어] acting
[반의어] permanent
[어원] 《라틴어 tempus》 ⑴time, ⑵temple of the head, side of the forehead
[어근] ⑴ tempor(temp); 시간, time ⑵ ary; 형용사 어미
tourist n. ★★★★[1586] [레마] tour
[본문] [5]London has many tourist attractions, from Big Ben to Buckingham Palace.
[영영] A tourist is a person who is visiting a place for pleasure and interest, especially when they are on holiday.
[영한] ① 관광객 ② 외국 원정 경기 중인 스포츠 팀의 선수
[굴절형] 복수형; tourists 복수소유격; tourists'
[파생] tour, touristic, tourist
<동사> ① 여행하다 ② 여행으로 …을 방문하다 <형용사> ① 관광객의[을 위한, 에 적합한] ② class의 <부사> (항공기/기선의) 투어리스트 클래스로
[어원] 《그리스어 tornos》 lathe
[어근] ⑴ tour(torn); 돌다, turn ⑵ ist; …하는 사람(접미어)
treasure n. ★★[4175] [레마] treasure
[본문] [9]But recently many museums have been criticised for stealing ancient treasures during imperial times - the age of the British empire.
[영영] Treasure is a collection of valuable old objects such as gold coins and jewels that has been hidden or lost.
[영한] ① 보물 ② 보물 같은 것, 대단히 귀중한 것 ③ 보물 같은[아주 귀한] 사람
[최초 의미] treasury, hoard, treasure
[굴절형] 복수형; treasures
[파생] treasurable, treasureless, treasury, treasure
<동사> 대단히 귀하게[소중히] 여기다
[어원] 《그리스어 thesauros》 [related to tithenai] store, treasure, treasure house
[어근] ⑴ treas(thet); 놓음, 두다, put ⑵ ure; 명사 어미
truthful adj.[10000+] [레마] truthful < true
[본문] [43]Adam Kuper wants exhibitions to tell truthful stories by showing the relationships between cultures, and how events are interconnected - connected or related to each other.
[영한] ① (사람이) 정직한, 진실한 ② (진술이) 정직한, 진실한
[파생] true, truth, truthful, truthfully, truthfulness, truthless
[유의어] honest
[반의어] untruthful
[구성단어] truth + ful
[어원] 《고대 영어 triewe》 충실한, 신뢰할 수 있는, 정직한, 약속이나 친구를 꾸준히 지키는
[어근] ⑴ tru(true); 참[진실], true ⑵ th; 명사 어미 ⑶ ful; 형용사 어미
upwards adv. ★★[4088] [레마] upward < ward
[본문] [24]So, it's onwards and upwards.
[영영] If someone moves or looks upwards, they move or look up towards a higher place.
[영한] ① 위쪽으로 ② (양/가격이) 올라가[상승하여] ③ ~보다 많게[이상으로]
[반의어] downwards, downwards(아래쪽으로)
[구성단어] upward + s
[어원] 《고대 영어 upweard》 =upweardes;
[어근] ⑴ up; 위, up ⑵ ward; 보호, guard ⑶ s; 명사 어미
[BRIT] 미국영어 ☞ upward
usual adj. ★★★★[1192] [레마] use
[본문] [11]In this programme, we'll discuss the controversial role of museums in the 21st century, and as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
[영영] Usual is used to describe what happens or what is done most often in a particular situation.
[영한] ① 하는[있는], 평상시의, 보통의 ② 늘 있는 일, 늘 마시는 것[술]
[파생] usually, usualness, usual
[유의어] normal
<명사> 여느 때의 건강 상태
[어원] 《라틴어 usare》 (자꾸) 쓰다
[어근] ⑴ use; 사용, use ⑵ al; 형용사 어미
violent adj. ★★★★[1625] [레마] violent < viol(폭력)
[본문] [40]Of course, these connections are sometimes violent, sometimes oppressive, sometimes very difficult, sometimes very painful.
[영영] If someone is violent, or if they do something which is violent, they use physical force or weapons to hurt, injure, or kill other people.
[영한] ① 폭력적인, 난폭한 ② 격렬한, 맹렬한 ③ 극심한, 지독한, 끔찍한 ④ (색깔이) (극도로) 강렬한
[최초 의미] having a marked or powerful effect
[파생] violence, violent, violently
[유의어] intense(지독하다), severe(끔찍하다)
[어원] 《라틴어 violentus》 폭력적인, 격렬한
[어근] ⑴ viol; 부상, 격노, injury ⑵ ent(ant); 형용사 어미
whale n. ★★[3436] [레마] whale
[본문] [48]The 26-metre-long dinosaur was displayed from 1905 until 2017 when it was replaced by the skeleton of a female blue whale promisingly named, Hope.
[영영] Whales are very large mammals that live in the sea.
[영한] 고래
[최초 의미] animals of the mammalian order Cetacea
[굴절형] 복수형; whales whale
[파생] whalelike, whale
<동사> 고래잡이에 종사하다
[어원] 《고대 영어 hwæl》 whale
[어근] whale; whale
이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다
- 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
- 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 PDF(금주의 PDF 및 기타 다운로드 파일) https://softca.tistory.com/2243
금주의 PDF 파일은 이곳을 클릭하세요.
새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다
https://blog.naver.com/softca/221610250801
본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 2000순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.
본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.
새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.
6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다. 
