New bits of English are invented as people use the language in new ways, but what happens when a language comes from an entirely different galaxy ? somewhere like Qo’noS, home planet of the Klingons? Neil and Sam discuss how languages develop and teach some related vocabulary.
사람들이 새로운 방식으로 언어를 사용하면서, 새로운 영어 조각들이 발명됩니다. 그러나 [언어가 완전히 다른 은하계 즉, Klingons의 고향 행성인 Qo'noS와 같은 어딘가에서 온다면] 무엇이 일어날까요. 닐과 샘이 [어떻게 언어가 발전하는가를] 논의합니다. 그리고 몇몇 관련된 어휘를 가르칩니다.
이것은 이번 주제의 주요 내용입니다. 영어 단어를 공부할 때 스토리와 함께 공부하면 크게 도움이 됩니다. 다음은 이번 주에 수록된 주요 단어 목록들입니다.
alien [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4016] [★] [레마] alien
[본문] [16]Yes, when sci-fi TV show, Star Trek, introduced alien characters called Klingons, the makers needed to invent a whole new language - Klingon.
[영영] Alien means belonging to a different country, race, or group, usually one you do not like or are frightened of.
[영한] ⒨ ① 생경한 ② 외국의, 이국의 ③ 이질적인, 맞지 않는 ④ 외계의
[첫뜻] strange, foreign
[파생] alienage, alienate, alienness, alien
[유의어] hostile
<명사> ① (법률 또는 전문 용어) 외국인 체류자 ② 외계인, 우주인
[어원] ⓐalienus(Latin), of or belonging to another, not one's own, foreign, strange; a stranger, foreigner
ⓑalius(Latin), [adjective from alius] another, other, different(다른 사람, 남, 다른 (것))
artificially [부사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [레마] artifice < face
[본문] [32]Here, the activity is inventing a conlang, short for constructed language - artificially invented languages, like Klingon and Dothraki.
[영영]
[영한] ⒨ 인위적으로, 부자연스럽게
[파생] artifice, artificiality, artificialize, artificially, artificialness, artificial
[어근] ⑴ art; 예술, 기술, art ⑵ fici(fac); 만들다, make, 하다 ⑶ al; 형용사어미 ⑷ ly; 부사 어미
conlang [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] conlang
[본문] [58]OK, let's recap the vocabulary from our discussion about invented languages, also called constructed languages, or conlangs for short.
[영영] constructed language
[영한] ⒨ 인공어, 인공 언어
[활용] 복수형; conlangs
[유의어] constructed language
[어원] constructed language(English)
conlanging [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] conlang
[본문] [28]What she had was an entire list of nouns, a whole list of nouns - many of them godly, many of them not, and she would drop them into songs using Latin grammar and other Latin words, so it's not a language proper in the way that we understand it now, because really when we talk about a language it's not just the vocabulary, it's the grammar - nevertheless we still kind of look on her as the patron saint of modern conlanging.
[영한] ⒨ 인공어 만들기
[어근] ⑴ conlang; conlang ⑵ ing; 명사 어미
construct [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2499] [★★] [레마] construct < struct(세우다)
[본문] [32]Here, the activity is inventing a conlang, short for constructed language - artificially invented languages, like Klingon and Dothraki.
[영영] If you construct something such as a building, road, or machine, you build it or make it.
[영한] ⒨ ① 건설하다 ② 구성하다 ③ (기하) (도형을) 그리다
[활용] constructed, constructed, constructing, constructs
[파생] construct, constructer, constructible, constructional, constructionally, constructive, constructor, construction
[유의어] put together
<명사> ① (이런저런 증거들에 기반을 두고 마음속으로 구성한) 생각 ② (언어) (구를 이루는) 단어들[구성체] ③ 건축[구조]물
[어근] ⑴ con(com); with, together ⑵ struct; 세움, build
creator [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] create
[본문] [25]David Peterson is the creator of Dothraki, a language used in the fantasy TV show, Game of Thrones.
[영영] The creator of something is the person who made it or invented it.
[영한] ⒨ ① 창조[창안/창작]자 ② 창조주, 하느님
[활용] 복수형; Creators
[파생] creatorship, creator
[어근] ⑴ creat(crea); 만들다 ⑵ or; …하는 사람[것]
day-to-day [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] day
[본문] [14]Changes like these happen because, unlike say, Latin, which no-one speaks day-to-day, English is a living language - a language people speak and use in their ordinary lives.
[영영] Day-to-day things or activities exist or happen every day as part of ordinary life.
[영한] ⒨ ① (장기적으로 계획하는 것이 아니라) 그날그날 꾸려 가는 ② (일이) 매일 행해지는, 그날그날의
[구성단어] day + to + day
fantasy [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2989] [★★] [레마] fantasy
[본문] [25]David Peterson is the creator of Dothraki, a language used in the fantasy TV show, Game of Thrones.
[영영] A fantasy is a pleasant situation or event that you think about and that you want to happen, especially one that is unlikely to happen.
[영한] ⒨ ① (기분 좋은) 공상[상상] ② 공상[상상]의 산물 ③ 공상[상상]하기, (개인적인) 공상[환상](의 세계)
[첫뜻] illusory appearance
[활용] 복수형; fantasies
[파생] fantastic, fantasticality, fantasticalness, fantasy
[유의어] fancy(공상)
<동사> 상상[공상]하다(imagine) , 공상에 잠기다.
[어근] ⑴ fantas(phan); 보여주다, show ⑵ y; 명사 어미
[어원] phantasia(Latin), [from Greek phantasia] power of imagination; appearance, image, perception
galaxy [명사] [Rank; 3041] [★] [레마] galaxy < galact(우유)
[본문] [15]New bits of English are invented as people use the language in new ways, but what happens when a language comes from an entirely different galaxy - somewhere like Qo'noS, home planet of the Klingons?
[영영] A galaxy is an extremely large group of stars and planets that extends over many billions of light years.
[영한] ⒨ ① 은하계 ② 은하수 ③ 기라성 (같은 사람들)
[첫뜻] the Milky Way"
[활용] 복수형; Galaxies
[어근] ⑴ galax(galact); milk ⑵ y; 명사 어미
[어원] galaxias(Greek), [from gala] the Milky Way
godly [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] god
[본문] [28]What she had was an entire list of nouns, a whole list of nouns - many of them godly, many of them not, and she would drop them into songs using Latin grammar and other Latin words, so it's not a language proper in the way that we understand it now, because really when we talk about a language it's not just the vocabulary, it's the grammar - nevertheless we still kind of look on her as the patron saint of modern conlanging.
[영영] A godly person is someone who is deeply religious and shows obedience to the rules of their religion.
[영한] ⒨ (구식) 경건한
[반의어] ungodly(신을 섬기지 않다)
[구성단어] god + ly
grammar [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] gram-
[본문] [28]What she had was an entire list of nouns, a whole list of nouns - many of them godly, many of them not, and she would drop them into songs using Latin grammar and other Latin words, so it's not a language proper in the way that we understand it now, because really when we talk about a language it's not just the vocabulary, it's the grammar - nevertheless we still kind of look on her as the patron saint of modern conlanging.
[영영] Grammar is the ways that words can be put together in order to make sentences.
[영한] ⒨ ① 문법 ② (개인의) 문법(문법적 지식이나 언어 사용) ③ 문법책
[첫뜻] Latin grammar, rules of Latin
[활용] 복수형; grammars
[파생] grammarless, grammar
[어근] ⑴ gramm(gram); letter, writing ⑵ ar; 명사 어미
[어원] grammatike (tekhne)(Greek), (art) of letters
incredibly [부사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 4314] [★★] [레마] credit < cred(믿다)
[본문] [54]incredibly, the correct answer was c) - in 2010 a company of Dutch musicians and singers performed the first ever Klingon opera!
[영한] ⒨ ① 믿을 수 없을 정도로, 엄청나게 ② 믿기 힘들게도
[파생] incredibility, incredibleness, incredibly, incredible
[유의어] unbelievably
[어근] ⑴ in; not ⑵ cred; trust ⑶ ibl(able); 형용사어미 ⑷ y(ly); 부사어미
made-up [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] make
[본문] [17]Entirely made-up and unrelated to any human language, Klingon has developed a life of its own.
[영영] If you are made-up, you are wearing make-up such as powder or eye shadow.
[영한] ⒨ ① 화장을 한 ② 지어낸, 가짜의
[구성단어] made + up
maker [명사] [Rank; 2364] [★★] [레마] maker
[본문] [16]Yes, when sci-fi TV show, Star Trek, introduced alien characters called Klingons, the makers needed to invent a whole new language - Klingon.
[영영] The maker of a product is the firm that manufactures it.
[영한] ⒨ ① …을 만드는[생산하는] 사람[회사/기계] ② 조물주, 신
[활용] 복수형; makers
[유의어] manufacturer(제조자)
musician [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2959] [★★] [레마] music < muse(뮤즈)
[본문] [54]Incredibly, the correct answer was c) - in 2010 a company of Dutch musicians and singers performed the first ever Klingon opera!
[영영] A musician is a person who plays a musical instrument as their job or hobby.
[영한] ⒨ 음악가(연주자/작곡가), 뮤지션
[첫뜻] one skilled in music
[활용] 복수형; musicians
[파생] musicianly, musicianship, musician
[어근] ⑴ mus(muse); muse ⑵ ic; 형용사어미 ⑶ ian(an); 명사어미
nevertheless [부사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2605] [★★] [레마] never
[본문] [28]What she had was an entire list of nouns, a whole list of nouns - many of them godly, many of them not, and she would drop them into songs using Latin grammar and other Latin words, so it's not a language proper in the way that we understand it now, because really when we talk about a language it's not just the vocabulary, it's the grammar - nevertheless we still kind of look on her as the patron saint of modern conlanging.
[영영] You use nevertheless when saying something that contrasts with what has just been said.
[영한] ⒨ 그렇기는 하지만, 그럼에도 불구하고 유의어 nonetheless
[첫뜻] notwithstanding,
[유의어] nonetheless, yet
<접속사> 그럼에도 불구하고, 역시, 그렇지만
[어근] ⑴ n(no); 아님, no, not ⑵ ever; ever ⑶ the; the ⑷ less; less
no-one [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] one
[본문] [14]Changes like these happen because, unlike say, Latin, which no-one speaks day-to-day, English is a living language - a language people speak and use in their ordinary lives.
[영한] ⒨ 아무도 …않다
[구성단어] no + one
opus [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] opus < oper(일[작업])
[본문] [21]a) have its own dictionary b) have an opera written or, c) be recognised as an official language by the United Nations?
[영영] An opus is a piece of classical music by a particular composer. Opus is usually followed by a number which indicates at what point the piece was written. The abbreviation op. is also used.
[영한] ⒨ ① (유명 작곡가의 번호가 매겨진) 작품 ② (문학 등에서 특히 규모가 큰) 작품
[활용] 복수형; opuses opera
[유의어] work
[어근] opus(oper); 일하다
originate [동사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] origin
[본문] [60]The phrase, my bad, originated in the United States but is also used in Britain as an informal way to say, 'my fault' or to tell someone that you've made a mistake.
[영한] ⒨ ① 비롯되다, 유래하다 ② 발명[고안]하다
[활용] originated, originated, originating, originates
[파생] origin, original, originate, origination, originative, originator
[유의어] give rise to
[어근] ⑴ origin(ori); to rise ⑵ ate; 부여하다(동사어미)
outer [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3735] [★★] [레마] out
[본문] [49]But at least Esperanto was invented for humans, not alien creatures from outer space!
[영영] The outer parts of something are the parts which contain or enclose the other parts, and which are furthest from the centre.
[영한] ⒨ ① 바깥 표면의, 외부의 ② (안/중심에서 가장) 바깥쪽의, 외곽의
[첫뜻] that is farther out, that is exterior or external; of or pertaining to the outside; further removed,
[유의어] external
[반의어] inner
[어근] ⑴ out; 밖, 이상의, out ⑵ er; 비교급 어미
parle [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] parle
[본문] [38]Yes, I might have got that one - the 'parle' bit from its Latin root, and 'me', obviously.
[영영] archaic
[영한] ⒨ (고어) 대화, 상의, 교섭.
[유의어] parley
[어근] ⑴ para; beside ⑵ bola(bol); throw
patron [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4718] [★] [레마] patron < patr
[본문] [28]What she had was an entire list of nouns, a whole list of nouns - many of them godly, many of them not, and she would drop them into songs using Latin grammar and other Latin words, so it's not a language proper in the way that we understand it now, because really when we talk about a language it's not just the vocabulary, it's the grammar - nevertheless we still kind of look on her as the patron saint of modern conlanging.
[영영] A patron is a person who supports and gives money to artists, writers, or musicians.
[영한] ⒨ ① (화가/작가 등에 대한) 후원자 ② (자선 단체 등의) 홍보 대사 ③ (특정 상점/식당 등의) 고객
[첫뜻] a lord-master, a protector
[활용] 복수형; patrons
[파생] patron, patronal, patronize, patronly, patronise
[어근] ⑴ patr; 아버지 ⑵ on(oner); 짐[부담], load, burden
[어원] patronus(Latin), [from pater+-onus] patron saint, bestower of a benefice, lord, master, model, pattern; defender, protector, former master (of a freed slave); advocate
proper [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2075] [★★] [레마] proper
[본문] [28]What she had was an entire list of nouns, a whole list of nouns - many of them godly, many of them not, and she would drop them into songs using Latin grammar and other Latin words, so it's not a language proper in the way that we understand it now, because really when we talk about a language it's not just the vocabulary, it's the grammar - nevertheless we still kind of look on her as the patron saint of modern conlanging.
[영영] You use proper to describe things that you consider to be real and satisfactory rather than inadequate in some way.
[영한] ⒨ ① 적절한, 제대로 된 ② (수준 등이) 제대로 된, 참된 ③ (사회적/도덕적으로) 올바른[정당한/제대로 된] ④ 엄밀한 의미의 ⑤ 완전한 ⑥ …고유의
[파생] properly, properness, propriety, proper
[반의어] improper, improper(부당하다)
<명사> (그리스도교) [종종 P~] (특정한 날/시간에 정해진) 의식, 예배식, 기도 <부사> ① 아주, 완전히 ② 올바르게, 품위 있게
[어근] proper(propri); one’s own
saint [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★]
[본문] [27]They discussed saint Hildegard who created the very first made-up language in the 12th century:
[영영] A saint is someone who has died and been officially recognized and honoured by the Christian church because his or her life was a perfect example of the way Christians should live.
[영한] ⒨ ① (약어:S, St) 성인(聖人), 성- ② 성자[성인군자] 같은 사람
[첫뜻] a saint; a holy relic
[활용] 복수형; saints
[파생] saintdom, saintless, saintlike, saintly, saint
<동사> 성인으로 하다, 성열(聖列)에 넣다(canonize), 성인으로서 숭배하다 <형용사> ① 성스러운, 신성한 ② (이름 앞에 붙여) 성… (略: St.).
[어근] saint(sanc); holy, 신성한
sci-fi [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] fi
[본문] [16]Yes, when sci-fi TV show, Star Trek, introduced alien characters called Klingons, the makers needed to invent a whole new language - Klingon.
[영한] ⒨ 공상 과학 소설(의), SF(의)
<명사> 공상 과학 소설(의), SF(의)
[구성단어] sci + fi
sentence [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2053] [★★] [레마] sent
[본문] [12]Or adding 'not' at the end of a sentence to show I really mean the opposite of what I said.
[영영] A sentence is a group of words which, when they are written down, begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark. Most sentences contain a subject and a verb.
[영한] ⒨ ① (문법) 문장(영어 문장은 대문자로 시작하고, 마침표나 물음표나 느낌표로 끝난다.) ② 형벌, 형, (형의) 선고
[첫뜻] doctrine, authoritative teaching; an authoritative pronouncement,
[활용] 복수형; sentences
[파생] sentential, sententially, sententious, sentence
<동사> (형을) 선고하다
[어근] ⑴ sent; 느낌, feel ⑵ ence(ance); 명사 어미
singer [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2844] [★★] [레마] sing
[본문] [54]Incredibly, the correct answer was c) - in 2010 a company of Dutch musicians and singers performed the first ever Klingon opera!
[영영] A singer is a person who sings, especially as a job.
[영한] ⒨ 노래하는 사람, 가수
[활용] 복수형; singers
[어근] ⑴ sing; 노래하다, sing ⑵ er; ~하는 사람(것)
trek [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] trek
[본문] [16]Yes, when sci-fi TV show, Star trek, introduced alien characters called Klingons, the makers needed to invent a whole new language - Klingon.
[영한] ⒨ ① 트레킹, 오지 여행(특히 산악 지대를 며칠 또는 몇 주에 걸쳐 걸어 다니는 것) ② 오래 걷기
[첫뜻] a stage of a journey by ox wagon
[파생] trekker, trek
[유의어] TRAMP
<동사> ① (힘들게 오래) 걷다[이동하다] ② 트레킹[오지 여행]을 하다[가다], (취미로 산악 지방을 힘들게) 걷다
[어원] ⓐtrecken(Middle Dutch), to march, journey
ⓑtrekken(South African Dutch), to draw, pull, travel
universal [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2665] [★★] [레마] universe < verse
[본문] [36]You are an English speaker from Western Europe, and in the 19th Century 'universal' meant 'able to be understood by people from Western Europe'.
[영영] Something that is universal relates to everyone in the world or everyone in a particular group or society.
[영한] ⒨ ① 일반적인, 전 세계적인 ② 보편적인
[파생] universal, universality, universalize, universally, universalness, universe
<명사> 보편적 실재, [논리] 전칭(全稱) 명제, [철학] 일반 개념
[어근] ⑴ uni; 하나의 ⑵ vers(verse); 돌다, turn ⑶ al; 형용사 어미
unrelated [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] relate
[본문] [17]Entirely made-up and unrelated to any human language, Klingon has developed a life of its own.
[영영] If one thing is unrelated to another, there is no connection between them. You can also say that two things are unrelated.
[파생] unrelatedness, unrelated
[유의어] unconnected(관계 없다)
[반의어] related(혈연관계가 아니다), related(동족이다)
[어근] ⑴ un; 아님(不, 無), not ⑵ relate(relat); 관련되다, relate ⑶ d(ed); …을 가진
이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다
- 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
- 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다
https://blog.naver.com/softca/221610250801
본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 2000순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.
본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.
새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.
[BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Inventing languages에 수록된 영어단어 수는
- 고유명사를 제외하고 총 341개 입니다.
- 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 325개로 95%가 해당됩니다.
- 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 321개로 94%가 해당됩니다.
- Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 322개로 94%가 해당됩니다.
- 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 307개로 90%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.
이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함께 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다
6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다. 
