6 Minute English 영어단어공부 - Flexible working [BBC Learning English 강좌]

6 Minute English 영어단어공부 - Flexible working [BBC Learning English 강좌]

The coronavirus pandemic might have changed our attitude to work and people are more comfortable with working from home than ever before. However, this trend started much earlier with new rules that allowed people some flexibility. In this programme, Neil and Georgina discuss if the 9-to-5 shift in the office will soon be a thing of the past and teach you vocabulary along the way.

코로나바이러스 팬데믹은 일에 대한 우리의 태도를 변화시켰을 수 있습니다. 사람들은 그 어느 때보다 집에서 일하는 것이 더 편안합니다. 그러나 이러한 경향은 사람들에게 약간의 유연성을 허용하는 새로운 규칙으로 보다 훨씬 일찍부터 시작되었습니다. 이 프로그램에서 Neil과 Georgina는 사무실에서 9-to-5의 교대가 곧 과거의 일이 될 것인지 논의하고 그 과정에서 어휘를 가르칩니다.

새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.

[BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Flexible working에 수록된 영어단어 수는

• 고유명사를 제외하고 총 358개 입니다.
• 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 346개로 97%가 해당됩니다.
• 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 332개로 93%가 해당됩니다.
• Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 342개로 96%가 해당됩니다.
• 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 324개로 91%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.

이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함께 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다

이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다

• 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
• 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.

actively [부사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4356] [★★] [레마] act
[본문] [43]Men, when they do ask, are more likely to be turned down, so there's a real bias there in the system and the most important thing that needs to happen here, I think, is for employers to really actively say to their men, 'we know you want to be active fathers' - because there's a whole generation of young men who do want to be active fathers - 'please use the right to request flexible working, work flexibly if you can' because until men are enabled to be active fathers, we won't get equality at home and we certainly won't get equality in the workplace either.
[영한] ⒨ 활발히, 활동적으로, 적극적으로, [문법] 능동으로
[파생] act, activate, active, actively, activeness, activity
[어근] ⑴ act(ag); 행위 ⑵ ive; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ly; 부사어미

bias [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3962] [★★] [레마] bias
[본문] [43]Men, when they do ask, are more likely to be turned down, so there's a real bias there in the system and the most important thing that needs to happen here, I think, is for employers to really actively say to their men, 'we know you want to be active fathers' - because there's a whole generation of young men who do want to be active fathers - 'please use the right to request flexible working, work flexibly if you can' because until men are enabled to be active fathers, we won't get equality at home and we certainly won't get equality in the workplace either.
[영영] Bias is a tendency to prefer one person or thing to another, and to favour that person or thing.
[영한] ⒨ ① 편견, 편향 ② 성향 ③ 바이어스(천의 결과 비스듬하게 재단한 것)
[첫뜻] oblique or diagonal lin
[활용] 복수형; biases
[파생] biased, biassed, bias
[유의어] favour, favor
<동사> 편견[선입견]을 갖게 하다 <형용사> ① 엇갈린, 비스듬한, 경사진 ② (통신) 편의(偏倚)의.
[어원] biais(French), a slant, a slope, an oblique(비스듬함, 경사지, 경사진 것)

budge [동사] [R; 5001+] [레마] budge
[본문] [58]And when someone is inflexible, they are unwilling to change - sometimes we say they won't budge!
[영영] If someone will not budge on a matter, or if nothing budges them, they refuse to change their mind or to come to an agreement.
[영한] ⒨ ① 약간 움직이다[움직이게 하다], 꼼짝하다 ② 의견을 바꾸다[바꾸게 하다]
[첫뜻] to move, stir, change position, give way a little
[활용] budged budged budging budges
[파생] budger, budge
[어원] bullicare(Latin), from bullire; to bubble, boil

childcare [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] care
[본문] [46]And this is unfair because it can prevent some men being active fathers - actually being involved with childcare.
[영영] Childcare refers to looking after children, and to the facilities which help parents to do so.
[영한] ⒨ 보육
[활용] [U]
[구성단어] child + care

consultant [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2502] [★] [레마] consult
[본문] [25]Sarah Jackson is a workplace consultant and visiting professor at Cranfield University School of Management.
[영영] A consultant is an experienced doctor with a high position, who specializes in one area of medicine.
[영한] ⒨ ① 상담가, 자문 위원, 컨설턴트 ② 고문 의사(어떤 병원에서 특정 분야의 최고 전문의)
[첫뜻] person who consults an oracle,
[활용] 복수형; consultants
[파생] consultancy, consultant
[어근] ⑴ con(com); 함께, with ⑵ sult; 돌출, take, grasp ⑶ ant; 명사 어미

cooperation [명사] [Rank; 2692] [★★] [레마] cooperate < operate
[본문] [17]But according to data from the Organization for Economic cooperation and Development - the OECD - workers from which country work the longest hours?
[영영] ① joint operation or action
② assistance or willingness to assist
③ the combination of consumers, workers, farmers, etc, in activities usually embracing production, distribution, or trade
[영한] ⒨ ① 협력, 합동, 협동 ② 협조
[활용] [U]
[파생] cooperate, cooperate, cooperation, cooperation, cooperationist, co-operationist, cooperative, cooperatively, co-operatively, cooperativeness, co-operativeness, cooperator, co-operator
[어근] ⑴ co(com); together ⑵ oper(opera); 일하다 ⑶ ation; 명사어미

disabled [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4458] [★★] [레마] able
[본문] [38]This law initially was just for parents with a child younger than 6 years old - or a disabled child less than 18.
[영영] Someone who is disabled has an illness, injury, or condition that tends to restrict the way that they can live their life, especially by making it difficult for them to move about.
[영한] ⒨ ① 장애를 가진 ② 장애인들
[유의어] handicapped
<명사> 신체 장애자.
[어근] ⑴ dis; 하지 않기, 不, apart ⑵ abl(hab); 갖다, 할 수 있는, hold ⑶ ed; 형용사 어미

employer [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2317] [★★] [레마] employ
[본문] [43]Men, when they do ask, are more likely to be turned down, so there's a real bias there in the system and the most important thing that needs to happen here, I think, is for employers to really actively say to their men, 'we know you want to be active fathers' - because there's a whole generation of young men who do want to be active fathers - 'please use the right to request flexible working, work flexibly if you can' because until men are enabled to be active fathers, we won't get equality at home and we certainly won't get equality in the workplace either.
[영영] Your employer is the person or organization that you work for.
[영한] ⒨ 고용주, 고용인(雇用人)
[활용] 복수형; Employers
[어근] ⑴ em(in); in ⑵ ploy(plic); 접은, fold ⑶ er; ~하는 사람

enable [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2212] [★★] [레마] able
[본문] [43]Men, when they do ask, are more likely to be turned down, so there's a real bias there in the system and the most important thing that needs to happen here, I think, is for employers to really actively say to their men, 'we know you want to be active fathers' - because there's a whole generation of young men who do want to be active fathers - 'please use the right to request flexible working, work flexibly if you can' because until men are enabled to be active fathers, we won't get equality at home and we certainly won't get equality in the workplace either.
[영영] If someone or something enables you to do a particular thing, they give you the opportunity to do it.
[영한] ⒨ ① (사람에게) …을 할 수 있게 하다 ② (무엇을) 가능하게 하다
[활용] enabled, enabled, enabling, enables
[파생] ability, able, ably, enable, enablement, enabler
[유의어] allow
[어근] ⑴ en; 안에 두다, in, 하게하다 ⑵ hab; 갖다, 거처하다

equality [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4642] [★★] [레마] equ-
[본문] [43]Men, when they do ask, are more likely to be turned down, so there's a real bias there in the system and the most important thing that needs to happen here, I think, is for employers to really actively say to their men, 'we know you want to be active fathers' - because there's a whole generation of young men who do want to be active fathers - 'please use the right to request flexible working, work flexibly if you can' because until men are enabled to be active fathers, we won't get equality at home and we certainly won't get equality in the workplace either.
[영영] Equality is the same status, rights, and responsibilities for all the members of a society, group, or family.
[영한] ⒨ 평등, 균등
[활용] [U]
[파생] equality, equalize, equally, equal
[반의어] inequality(균등), inequality(불평등)
[어근] ⑴ equ; 동등한, equal ⑵ al; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ity; …함, …한 성질, …한 정도

equivalent [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4377] [★★] [레마] equivalent < equ-
[본문] [52]According to the OECD, the average Mexican spends 2,255 hours at work per year - the equivalent of around 43 hours per week.
[영한] ⒨ (가치의미중요도 등이) 동등한[맞먹는]
[파생] equivalence, equivalently, equivalent
<명사> (…에) 상당[대응]하는 것, 등가물
[어근] ⑴ equi(equ); equal ⑵ val; be well, be worth ⑶ ent(ant); 형용사 어미

fairness [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] fair
[본문] [47]But having more active fathers can lead to equality - or fairness - at home and in the workplace.
[영영] Fairness is the quality of being reasonable, right, and just.
[영한] ⒨ ① 공정성 ② (피부나 머리카락이) 옅은[흰] 색, 금발
[활용] [U]
[파생] fairish, fairly, fairness, fair
[유의어] equity
[어근] ⑴ fair; 공정한, fair ⑵ ness; 성질, 상태, 정도

favourably [부사] [R; 5001+] [레마] favor
[본문] [45]And Sarah says there is a bias in the system - unfairness, treating one group of people more favourably than another.
[영영] favourabe + ly
[영한] ⒨ ① 호의적으로, 호의를 가지고 ② 유리하게, 순조롭게, (마침) 알맞게, 유망하게
[파생] favorableness, favorably, favourableness, favourably, favourable
[어근] ⑴ favour(favor); 호의, favor ⑵ abl(hab); ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
[BRIT][AM→favorably]

flexibility [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4368] [★★] [레마] flex
[본문] [28]So, flexibility really means having choice and control over when, where and how long you work, and agreeing that with your manager.
[영한] ⒨ ① 구부리기[휘기] 쉬움, 굴곡성, 유연성, 나긋나긋함 ② 다루기 쉬움, 유순함 ③ 적응성, 융통성, 탄력성
[활용] [U]
[파생] flection, flexibility, flexibleness, flexibly, flexion, flexible
[어근] ⑴ flex(flect); 구부러짐, bend ⑵ ible; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ity; 명사 어미

flexible [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 4267] [★] [레마] flex
[본문] [8]Office work doesn't have to be such a routine - the usual, fixed way of doing things - it is much more flexible these days.
[영영] A flexible object or material can be bent easily without breaking.
[영한] ⒨ ① (호감) 신축성[융통성] 있는 ② 잘 구부러지는, 유연한
[파생] flection, flexibility, flexibleness, flexibly, flexion, flexible
[반의어] inflexible
<명사> 잘 구부러지는 물질[소재]. flexible/ness 명사-bly 부사
[어근] ⑴ flex(flect); 구부러짐, bend ⑵ ible; 형용사 어미

flexibly [부사] [R; 5001+] [레마] flex
[본문] [12]And it has, perhaps, changed our attitude to working flexibly.
[영한] ⒨ 유연하게, 융통성 있게
[파생] flection, flexibility, flexibleness, flexibly, flexion, flexible
[어근] ⑴ flex(flect); 구부러짐, bend ⑵ ibl(ible); 형용사 어미 ⑶ y(ly); 부사 어미

grammar [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] gram-
[본문] [66]grammar, vocabulary, and interesting topics - we have them all!
[영영] Grammar is the ways that words can be put together in order to make sentences.
[영한] ⒨ ① 문법 ② (개인의) 문법(문법적 지식이나 언어 사용) ③ 문법책
[첫뜻] Latin grammar, rules of Latin
[활용] 복수형; grammars
[파생] grammarless, grammar
[어근] ⑴ gramm(gram); letter, writing ⑵ ar; 명사 어미
[어근] grammatike (tekhne)(Greek), (art) of letters

inflexible [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] flex
[본문] [36]You need agreement from him or her - and that can be difficult if your manager is inflexible - not willing to change.
[영영] Something that is inflexible cannot be altered in any way, even if the situation changes.
[영한] ⒨ ① 융통성[신축성] 없는 ② (사람/조직이) (의견/결정 등에 있어서) 완강한[경직된] ③ (물질이) (잘) 구부러지지 않는
[파생] inflexibility, inflexibleness, inflexibly, inflexible
[유의어] stiff, rigid
[반의어] flexible
[어근] ⑴ in; 아님(不), not ⑵ flex(flect); 구부러짐, bend ⑶ ible; 형용사 어미

initially [부사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2738] [★★] [레마] initiate
[본문] [38]This law initially was just for parents with a child younger than 6 years old - or a disabled child less than 18.
[영영] Initially means soon after the beginning of a process or situation, rather than in the middle or at the end of it.
[영한] ⒨ 처음에, 시초에
[파생] initial, initialer, initialler, initially, initiate
[어근] ⑴ initi(init); 들어가다, 시작하다 ⑵ al; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ly; 부사 어미

negotiation [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2279] [★★] [레마] negotiate
[본문] [35]Getting the working conditions that suit you does require some negotiation with your manager.
[영영] Negotiations are formal discussions between people who have different aims or intentions, especially in business or politics, during which they try to reach an agreement.
[영한] ⒨ 협상, 교섭, 절충, 협의
[첫뜻] a dealing with people, trafficking,
[활용] 복수형; negotiations
[파생] negotiate, negotiation, negotiator, negotiatory
[어원] negotiationem(Latin), noun of action from past participle stem of negotiari; business, traffic

OECD [약어명사] [R; 5001+]
[본문] [17]But according to data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development - the OECD - workers from which country work the longest hours?
[영영] Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; an association of 21 nations to promote growth and trade, set up in 1961 to supersede the OEEC
[영한] ⒨ ① 오이시디 ② 경제 협력 개발 기구
[Full] Organization for Economic Cooperation and Developm

reject [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2046] [★★] [레마] reject < ject
[본문] [44]OK, so men are more likely to have their request turned down - or rejected.
[영영] If you reject something such as a proposal, a request, or an offer, you do not accept it or you do not agree to it.
[영한] ⒨ ① (주장생각계획 등을) 거부[거절]하다 ② (직장직책 등에) 거부하다[불합격시키다] ③ (상품원고 등을) 불합격[불량품]으로 처리하다 ④ (인체가) (이식된 장기에 대해) 거부 반응을 보이다 ⑤ (충분한 보살핌애정으로 돌보지 않고) 거부하다[버리다]
[첫뜻] throw away, cast away, vomit
[활용] rejected, rejected, rejecting, rejects
[파생] rejectable, rejecter, rejection, rejective, rejector, reject
[유의어] turn down
[반의어] accept(인정하다)
<명사> ① 버린 물건, 퇴짜 놓은 물건, 불합격품, 흠 있는 물건. ② 퇴짜 맞은 사람 , (징병) 불합격자.
[어근] ⑴ re; back ⑵ ject; throw

request [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2134] [★★] [레마] require < quer
[본문] [31]So, requesting to work for two hours a day is not sensible - but being able to work from 12 until 8 instead of 9 to 5 might be.
[영영] If you request something, you ask for it politely or formally.
[영한] ⒨ (격식을 차려 정중히) 요청[요구/신청]하다
[활용] requested, requested, requesting, requests
[파생] request, requester, requestor, requirable, require, requirement, requirer, requisite, requisition
[유의어] ask for(청하다)
<명사> ① (격식을 차려 정중히 하는) 요청[신청] ② 요구[신청] (사항)
[어근] ⑴ re; 다시, 반대로 ⑵ quer; 찾다

routine [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2608] [★★] [레마] route < rupt
[본문] [8]Office work doesn't have to be such a routine - the usual, fixed way of doing things - it is much more flexible these days.
[영영] A routine is the usual series of things that you do at a particular time. A routine is also the practice of regularly doing things in a fixed order.
[영한] ⒨ ① (규칙적으로 하는 일의 통상적인 순서와 방법) ② (지루한 일상의) 틀, (판에 박힌) 일상 ③ 루틴(공연의 일부로 전해져 있는 일련의 동작농담 등) ④ (컴퓨터) 루틴(일반적으로 빈번히 사용할 수 있는 프로그램 또는 그 일부)
[활용] 복수형; routines
[파생] routinely, routineness, routine
<형용사> ① 정례적인 ② 일상적인, 보통의 ③ 판에 박힌, 지루한
[어근] ⑴ rout(rupt); 깨지다 ⑵ ine; 명사어미
[어근] routine(French), usual course of action, beaten path

sensible [형용사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] sense
[본문] [30]It is about common sense - using our judgement to make sensible decisions.
[영영] Sensible actions or decisions are good because they are based on reasons rather than emotions.
[영한] ⒨ ① (사람이나 그의 행동이) 분별[양식] 있는, 합리적인 ② (옷 등이) (멋있기보다는) 실용적인 ③ (격식 또는 문예체) …을 의식하고[알고] 있는
[첫뜻] capable of sensation or feeling
[파생] sense, sensible, sensibly, sensitive, sensory, sensual
[반의어] insensible(분별 있다)
[어근] ⑴ sens(sent); to feel, perceive ⑵ ible(able); 형용사 어미

unfair [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 4542] [★★] [레마] unfair < fair
[본문] [46]And this is unfair because it can prevent some men being active fathers - actually being involved with childcare.
[영영] An unfair action or situation is not right or fair.
[첫뜻] unlovely, not beautiful, deformed, hideous, unlovable,
[활용] 비교; unfair < unfairer < unfairest
[파생] unfairly, unfairness, unfair
[유의어] unjust(불공평하다), unequal(불공평하다)
[반의어] fair
[어근] ⑴ un; not ⑵ fair; 공정한, fair
[어근] unfægr(Old English), unlovely, not beautiful, deformed, hideous, unlovable

unfairness [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] unfair < fair
[본문] [45]And Sarah says there is a bias in the system - unfairness, treating one group of people more favourably than another.
[영영]
[영한] ⒨ 불공평(함), 편파적임, 교활함, 부정함.
[파생] unfairly, unfairness, unfair
[어근] ⑴ un; not ⑵ fair; 공정한, fair ⑶ ness; 성질, 상태, 정도

unwilling [형용사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] unwilling < will
[본문] [58]And when someone is inflexible, they are unwilling to change - sometimes we say they won't budge!
[영영] If you are unwilling to do something, you do not want to do it and will not agree to do it.
[영한] ⒨ ① 꺼리는, 싫어하는 ② 마지못해 하는, 본의 아닌
[파생] unwillingly, unwillingness, unwilling
[유의어] reluctant
[반의어] willing
[어근] ⑴ un; 아님(不, 無), not ⑵ will; will ⑶ ing; 따라서
[어근] unwillende(Old English)

새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다

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