How do you feel in the middle of a crowd? Sam and Neil hear experts talking about the role of crowds in modern life, and the different reactions it evokes in people. And, as usual, they teach you vocabulary along the way.
당신은 군중의 가운데에서 어떻게 느낍니까? 샘과 닐이 전문가로 부터 현대의 삶 속에 있는 군중의 역할과 그리고 [그것이 사람들 속에서 떠올려 주는] 각각 다른 반응에 대해 이야기하는 것을 듣습니다. 그리고 늘 그렇듯이 그 과정에서 그들은 여러분에게 어휘를 가르칩니다.
이것은 이번 주제의 주요 내용입니다. 영어 단어를 공부할 때 스토리와 함께 공부하면 크게 도움이 됩니다. 다음은 이번 주에 수록된 주요 단어 목록들입니다.
advance [동사] ★★★★[1707] [레마] advance
[본문] [54]To regress means return to less advanced, more primitive behaviours.
[영영] To advance means to move forward, often in order to attack someone.
[영한] ① (공격하거나 위협하기 위해) 다가가다, 진격하다 ② (지식기술 등이) 증진되다[진전을 보다] ③ 성공[출세]을 돕다 ④ 선불[선금]을 주다 ⑤ (아이디어이론계획을) 제기하다 ⑥ (일정을) 앞당기다 ⑦ 진행시키다 ⑧ (상업) (가격비용 등이) 오르다, 증가하다
[첫뜻] improve (something), further the development of
[활용] advanced, advanced, advancing, advances
[파생] advancement, advancer, advancingly, advance
[유의어] further(성공을 돕다), put forward(제기하다), bring forward(앞당기다), further, progress
[반의어] postpone, retreat(퇴각하다)
<명사> ① (특히 군대의) 전진, 진군 ② 진전, 발전 ③ 선금, 선불 <형용사> ① 사전(事前)의 ② 선발대
[어원] [Latin] abante [ab+ante] from before
[어근] ⑴ advan(advant); advance ⑵ ce; 명사 어미
advanced [형용사] ★★★★[1867] [레마] advance
[본문] [30]Psychologically speaking they regress - they return to a less advanced, more primitive way of behaving.
[영영] An advanced system, method, or design is modern and has been developed from an earlier version of the same thing.
[영한] ① 선진의 ② (학습 과정이) 고급[상급]의 ③ (발달 단계상) 후기의
[어원] [Latin] abante [ab+ante] from before
[어근] ⑴ advanc(advant); 분리, off, 떨어져서 ⑵ ed; 과거분사어미
altogether [부사] ★★★[2370] [레마] together < gather(모이다[모으다])
[본문] [46]It's one thing sitting alone shouting at the news on television, but it's something else altogether to march on a political protest with hundreds of demonstrators, feeling that together you could change the world.
[영영] You use altogether to emphasize that something has stopped, been done, or finished completely.
[영한] ① 완전히, 전적으로 ② 모두 합쳐, 총 ③ 전체적으로 보아, 대체로
[유의어] entirely(전혀)
[구성단어] all + together
[어원] [Old English] togædere [to+gædere] so as to be present in one place, in a group, in an accumulated mass
[어근] ⑴ all; 모두, all, every ⑵ to; to, ~을 향하여 ⑶ gether(gather); 모으다[모이다], gather
appropriately [부사] ★★[3752] [레마] appropriate < proper
[본문] [26]Here's, psychologist, Professor John Drury, discussing this idea with, Anand Jagatia, presenter of the BBC World Service programme, appropriately named, CrowdScience.
[영한] 적당하게, 알맞게
[파생] appropriable, appropriately, appropriateness, appropriation, appropriative, appropriator, appropriate
[어원] [Latin] appropriare ad+proprius; from adpropriare; to make one's own
[어근] ⑴ ap(ad); 향하여, 첨가 ⑵ propri; 자기자신 ⑶ ate; 형용사 어미 ⑷ ly; 부사/형용사 어미
behave [동사] ★★★[2136] [레마] behave < have
[본문] [32]Connected to this is the phrase mob mentality - the tendency of people in a group to behave in the same way as others in the group rather than as individuals.
[영영] The way that you behave is the way that you do and say things, and the things that you do and say.
[영한] ① (특정한 방식으로) 처신[행동]하다 ② 예의 바르게 행동하다 ③ -behaved [형용사에서] 행동[행실]이 …한 ④ (원래 지닌 성질에 따라) 행동[반응]을 보이다
[첫뜻] conduct or comport
[활용] behaved, behaved, behaving, behaves
[파생] behavior, behavioral, behavioural, behave
[유의어] act
[반의어] misbehave, misbehave(못된 짓을 하다)
[어원] [Old English] behabban to contain
[어근] ⑴ be; 과도함, by, about ⑵ have; 소유, own, possess
characterise [동사] ☆[4921] [레마] character
[본문] [34]But according to Professor Drury, in reality it's not mob mentality and violence, but rather feelings of safety and togetherness that actually characterise crowds.
[영영] ① to describe the character or special qualities of (someone or something)
② to be a typical feature or quality of (someone or something)
③ often used as (be) characterized
[영한] ① (…의) 특징이 되다 ② 특징짓다 ③ ~의 특징을 (~으로) 묘사하다[나타내다]
[첫뜻] to engrave, write,
[활용] characterised characterised characterising characterises
[파생] characterisable, characterizable, characterise, characterize
[구성단어] character + ize
[어원] [Latin] characterizare
[어근] ⑴ character; character ⑵ ise; 동사 어미
[BRIT][AM→characterize]
cheer [동사] ★★★[2844] [레마] cheer
[본문] [42]Football fans cheer their team on by wearing the same colours, and singing the same songs, and this works as a kind of glue, bonding the crowd together and making them feel safe.
[영영] When people cheer, they shout loudly to show their approval or to encourage someone who is doing something such as taking part in a game.
[영한] ① 환호성을 지르다, 환호하다 ② 응원하다, 힘을 북돋우다
[첫뜻] to humor, console, dispel despondency
[활용] cheered, cheered, cheering, cheers
[파생] cheerer, cheerful, cheerfully, cheerfulness, cheeringly, cheery, cheer
[유의어] lighten
<명사> ① 환호(성), 응원의 함성 ② (치어리더들이 부르는) 응원가 ③ (격식 또는 문예체) 쾌활함, 생기 <감탄사> 건배, (건강을) 위하여, 고맙소, 그럼 안녕
[어원] [Greek] kara head
[어근] cheer; cheer
concert [명사] ★★★★[1986] [레마] concert < cern(나누다)
[본문] [24]People gathering for a cricket match, or a music concert are usually happy events.
[영영] A concert is a performance of music.
[영한] ① 연주회, 콘서트 ② 협조, 협약, 협력
[첫뜻] agreement of two or more in design or plan; accord, harmony
[활용] 복수형; concerts
[파생] concertize, concert
<동사> 협조하다, 협정하다, 계획하다 <형용사> ① 음악회용의 ② 콘서트에서 연주되는[하는]
[어원] [Latin] cernere separate, distinguish, decide; to sift; perceive, comprehend; to judge’ 나누다[분리하다], 구별하다, 결정하다, 체로치다(가려 내다), 인지하다, 파악하다, 이해하다; 판단하다
[어근] ⑴ con(com); with ⑵ cert(cern); separate, distinguish, decide
conform [동사] ☆[5018] [레마] conform < form
[본문] [57]The phrase, mob mentality describes the tendency of people in a group to behave in ways that conform with others in the group rather than as individuals.
[영영] If something conforms to something such as a law or someone's wishes, it is of the required type or quality.
[영한] ① 집단의 다른 구성원들과 행동[생각]을 같이 하다, (관습 등에) 따르다[순응하다] ② (규칙/법 등에) 따르다[맞다] ③ ~에 일치하다
[첫뜻] be obedient (to God), comply,
[활용] conformed, conformed, conforming, conforms
[파생] conform, conformance, conformation, conformer, conformingly, conformity
[유의어] comply(따르다)
[어원] [Latin] forma form 모양[형상]
[어근] ⑴ con(com); together ⑵ form; form
confuse [동사] ★★★[2227] [레마] confuse < fuse(붓다)
[본문] [11]For some, crowds create feelings of excitement and a sense of community, while for others they feel uncomfortable, confusing, or even dangerous.
[영영] If you confuse two things, you get them mixed up, so that you think one of them is the other one.
[영한] ① (사람을) 혼란시키다 ② A와 B를 혼동하다 ③ (주제를) 혼란스럽게 만들다
[첫뜻] mix or mingle things or ideas so as to render the elements indistinguishable
[활용] confused, confused, confusing, confuses
[파생] confusability, confusable, confusion, confuse
[유의어] mix up(혼동하다)
[어원] [Latin] confundere com+fundere; to confuse, jumble together, bring into disorder; disconcert, perple
[어근] ⑴ con(com); together ⑵ fuse(fus); to pour
correlation [명사] ★★[3779] [레마] correlate < relate
[본문] [38]There's a correlation between having that social identification and feeling safer.
[영영] A correlation between things is a connection or link between them.
[영한] 연관성, 상관관계
[첫뜻] mutual relation, interdependence, interconnection,
[활용] 복수형; correlations
[파생] correlational, correlation
[구성단어] correlate + ion
[어원] [Latin] correlatio cor-+relatio;
[어근] ⑴ cor(com); 함께, with ⑵ relat; 관련되다, relate ⑶ ion; 명사 어미
cricket [명사][10000+] [레마] cricket
[본문] [19]a) a cricket match b) a religious festival or c) an election?
[영영] Cricket is an outdoor game played between two teams. Players try to score points, called runs, by hitting a ball with a wooden bat.
[영한] ① 크리켓 ② 귀뚜라미
[첫뜻] open-air game played by two sides of 11 with bats, balls, and wickets
[활용] 복수형; crickets
[어원] [Flemish] cricke stick, staff 막대기, 지팡이
[어근] cricket; 크리켓, cricket
destructive [형용사] ☆[5366] [레마] destroy < struct(세우다)
[본문] [28]But according to John, the idea of mob mentality, that people in crowds are irrational and prone to destructive behaviour, just isn't backed up by research.
[영영] Something that is destructive causes or is capable of causing great damage, harm, or injury.
[영한] 파괴적인
[첫뜻] causing destruction, tending to destroy,
[파생] destroy, destroyable, destruction, destructionist, destructive, destructively, destructiveness, destructivity
[반의어] constructive(건설적이다)
[어원] [Latin] destructivus [pps of Latin destruere]
[어근] ⑴ de; 하지 않기, 不, apart ⑵ struct; 세움, build ⑶ ive; …의 경향, …의 성질
disadvantage [명사] ★★★[2876] [레마] advantage < advance
[본문] [43]The disadvantage of this, however, is when you don't feel part of the crowd you're with.
[영영] A disadvantage is a factor which makes someone or something less useful, acceptable, or successful than other people or things.
[영한] 불리한 점, 약점, 난점
[첫뜻] loss, injury, prejudice to interest
[활용] 복수형; disadvantages
[파생] disadvantageous, disadvantage
[유의어] drawback
[반의어] advantage
<동사> (아무를) 불리하게 하다.
[구성단어] advantage
[어원] [Latin] abante [ab+ante] from before
[어근] ⑴ dis; 하지 않기, apart ⑵ advant; 앞에서, advance ⑶ age; 명사어근
enjoyable [형용사] ★★[3531] [레마] enjoy < joy
[본문] [37]The more people feel like they are part of a group with others in the crowd, the more enjoyable experience they have.
[영영] Something that is enjoyable gives you pleasure.
[영한] 즐거운
[첫뜻] capable of being enjoyed
[파생] enjoy, enjoyable, enjoyableness, enjoyably, enjoyer, enjoyment
[유의어] pleasurable
[구성단어] enjoy + able
[어원] [Old French] enjoier [en+joir] to give joy, rejoice, take delight in
[어근] ⑴ en; 안에 두다, in, upon ⑵ joy; 기쁨, joy ⑶ able; 형용사 어미
evoke [동사] ☆[5139] [레마] evoke < voc
[본문] [13]In this programme, we'll be discussing the role of crowds in modern life, asking why they evoke different reactions in people.
[영영] To evoke a particular memory, idea, emotion, or response means to cause it to occur.
[영한] (감정/기억/이미지를) 떠올려 주다[환기시키다]
[활용] evoked evoked evoking evokes
[파생] evocable, evoker, evoke
[유의어] invoke(환기시키다), recall
[어원] [Latin] evocare [ex+vocare] call out, rouse, summon
[어근] ⑴ e(ex); 밖으로, out ⑵ voke(voc); 소리, 부르다, voice
excitement [명사] ★★★[2396] [레마] excite < cite(부르다)
[본문] [11]For some, crowds create feelings of excitement and a sense of community, while for others they feel uncomfortable, confusing, or even dangerous.
[영영] You use excitement to refer to the state of being excited, or to something that excites you.
[영한] ① 흥분, 신남 ② 흥분되는[신나는] 일
[활용] 복수형; excitements
[파생] excitement, excite
[어원] [Latin] citare [frequentative of ciere] to summon, urge, call; put in sudden motion, call forward; rouse, excite 소환하다, 충고하다, 부르다, 갑작스레 행동하다, 불러들이다, 깨우다, 흥분시키다
[어근] ⑴ ex; out, 밖 ⑵ cite; 부르다, call ⑶ ment; 명사 어미
festival [명사] ★★★[2484] [레마] feast
[본문] [19]a) a cricket match b) a religious festival or c) an election?
[영영] A festival is an organized series of events such as musical concerts or drama productions.
[영한] ① (보통 1년에 한 번 조직적으로 열리는) 축제[기념제] ② (특히 종교적) 축제
[첫뜻] a festal day, appointed day of festive celebration
[활용] 복수형; festivals
[파생] festival, festive, festively, festiveness, festivity
<형용사> 축제[제례]의, 축제일의, 축제 같은
[구성단어] festive + al
[어원] [Latin] festa [plural of festum, noun use of neuter plural of festus] holidays, feasts, festal banquets festum의 복수;
[어근] ⑴ fest; 기쁘다, joyful, merry ⑵ iv(ive); …의 성질(형용사 어미) ⑶ al; 명사 어미
fifty [형용사] ★★★[2399] [레마] five
[본문] [52]In fact, the biggest crowd in history had gathered for a Hindu religious festival, the Kumbh Mela, which 220 million people attended over fifty days.
[영한] ① 50의, 50개[사람]의 ② 50세의 ③ (막연히) 수많은
<명사> 쉰 , 오십, 50 <대명사> 오십개, 50개, 오십 명, 50사람
[어원] [Old English] fif five
[어근] ⑴ fif(five); 다섯[5], five ⑵ ty; 10의 배수
flip [명사][8599] [레마] flip < flap(의성어)
[본문] [40]The flip side of that is when you don't feel as much part of the group, and you're not having a positive experience.
[영한] ① 톡 던지기[치기] ② 공중제비, 재주넘기 ③ (책장을) 휙휙 넘겨봄
[첫뜻] ① a flick, a snap; ② sailors' hot drink usually containing beer, brandy and sugar
[활용] 복수형; flips
[유의어] flick, somersault
<동사> ① 홱 뒤집(히)다, 휙 젖히다[젖혀지다] ② (기계의 버튼 등을) 탁 누르다[돌리다] ③ (손가락으로) 톡[툭] 던지다 <형용사> 경솔한, 건방진
[어원] [imitative/echoic] flip
[어근] flip(flap); 덮개[뒤집다], flap, flip
glue [명사][9207] [레마] glue
[본문] [42]Football fans cheer their team on by wearing the same colours, and singing the same songs, and this works as a kind of glue, bonding the crowd together and making them feel safe.
[영한] 접착제
[첫뜻] viscous adhesive substance
[파생] gluelike, gluer, gluey, glutinous, glue
<동사> (접착제로) 붙이다
[어원] [Latin] gluten [from PIE *gleit-] glue, beeswax
[어근] glue; 붙이다, glue
gullible [형용사][9112] [레마] gull
[본문] [27]When people get together in a crowd, they regress psychologically, their thinking is more primitive, they become more gullible, and that's also associated with the supposed tendency towards violence as well.
[영영] If you describe someone as gullible, you mean they are easily tricked because they are too trusting.
[영한] 남을 잘 믿는, 잘 속아 넘어가는
[유의어] naive, credulous(잘 믿다)
[구성단어] gull + able
[어원] [French] gole [=goule, from Latin gula] throat, neck
[어근] ⑴ gull; 속이다, gull ⑵ ible(able); 할 수 있는
identification [명사] ★★[4134] [레마] identi
[본문] [38]There's a correlation between having that social identification and feeling safer.
[영영] The identification of something is the recognition that it exists, is important, or is true.
[영한] ① (약어:ID) 신원 확인, 신분 증명, 식별 ② (존재/중요성 등의) 인지[발견] ③ (약어:ID) 신분[신원] 증명서[증명 자료] ④ (심리적) 동일시, 공감 ⑤ (~을) (~와) 밀접하게 연관지음
[활용] 복수형; identifications
[파생] identifiable, identifiably, identification, identify, identity
[어원] [Latin] identitas [nominative of identitatem] sameness [identitatem의 주격] 동일함
[ABBR] ID
[어근] ⑴ identi(idem); 같은, same, idem ⑵ fication; 명사 어미
irrational [형용사] ☆[4863] [레마] rational < ratio
[본문] [28]But according to John, the idea of mob mentality, that people in crowds are irrational and prone to destructive behaviour, just isn't backed up by research.
[영영] If you describe someone's feelings and behaviour as irrational, you mean they are not based on logical reasons or clear thinking.
[영한] 비이성[비논리]적인
[첫뜻] not endowed with reason
[파생] irrationality, irrationally, irrationalness, irrational
[유의어] unreasonable
[반의어] rational, rational(이성적이다)
[어원] [Latin] ratio [from rat-, nominative of rationem] (genitive rationis) reckoning, numbering, calculation; business affair, procedure; (also) reason, reasoning, judgment, understanding 계산[하기], 번호 매기기, 산출; 사업 업무, 절차; (또한) 이유, 추론, 판단, 이해
[어근] ⑴ ir(in); not ⑵ rat(ratio); 계산, 생각, reckon ⑶ ion; 명사 어미 ⑷ al(ad); 형용사 어미
march [동사] ★★★[2336] [레마] march
[본문] [46]It's one thing sitting alone shouting at the news on television, but it's something else altogether to march on a political protest with hundreds of demonstrators, feeling that together you could change the world.
[영영] ① When soldiers march somewhere, or when a commanding officer marches them somewhere, they walk there with very regular steps, as a group.
② When a large group of people march for a cause, they walk somewhere together in order to express their ideas or to protest about something.
③ If you say that someone marches somewhere, you mean that they walk there quickly and in a determined way, for example because they are angry.
[영한] ① 행진[행군]하다, 행군하듯 걷다 ② (단호한 태도로 급히) 걸어가다 ③ (걷도록 강요해서) 데려 가다 ④ (시위 행위로) 가두 행진하다
[첫뜻] to walk with measured steps or a regular tread,
[활용] marched, marched, marching, marches
[파생] marcher, march
[유의어] demonstrate
<명사> ① (시위를 위한) 가두 행진, 가두 시위 ② 행군, 행진 ③ 꾸준히 진행[발달]하는 ~
[어원] [French] marcher (Old French) to stride, march, walk
[어근] march; march
mentality [명사] ☆[4808] [레마] ment
[본문] [28]But according to John, the idea of mob mentality, that people in crowds are irrational and prone to destructive behaviour, just isn't backed up by research.
[영영] Your mentality is your attitudes and your way of thinking.
[영한] (개인/집단의) 사고방식
[활용] 복수형; mentalities
[파생] mentality, mentally, mental
[유의어] mindset, mindset(사고방식)
[어원] [Latin] mens mind 마음
[어근] ⑴ ment; 마음, mind ⑵ al; ~의(형용사어미) ⑶ ity; 명사 어미
mob [명사] ★★[4766] [레마] mob < move
[본문] [28]But according to John, the idea of mob mentality, that people in crowds are irrational and prone to destructive behaviour, just isn't backed up by research.
[영영] A mob is a large, disorganized, and often violent crowd of people.
[영한] ① (특히 폭력을 휘두르거나 말썽을 일으킬 것 같은) 군중[무리] ② (비슷한 사람들의) 무리[떼] ③ 조직 폭력단, 마피아 ④ (호주 영어, 뉴질랜드 영어) (동물의) 떼
[첫뜻] disorderly part of the population, rabble, common mass, the multitude, especially when rude or disorderly; a riotous assemblage
[활용] 복수형; mobs
[파생] mobber, mobbish, mob
[유의어] flock(떼), herd(떼), gang(무리)
<동사> ① (새동물들이) 떼를 지어 공격하다 ② (어떤 사람 주위로) 떼 지어 몰려들다
[어근] mob; 움직임, move
opposite [명사] ★★★★[1206] [레마] oppose < pose
[본문] [44]Dr Templeton calls this the flip side - the opposite, less good or less pleasant aspects of something.
[영영] The opposite of someone or something is the person or thing that is most different from them.
[영한] 반대(되는 사람/것), 반의어
[활용] 복수형; opposites
[파생] oppose, opposer, opposing, opposingly, opposite, oppositely, oppositeness, opposition, oppositional, oppositionist, oppositionless, oppositive, opponent
<형용사> ① (보통 마주 보고 있는 둘 중) 다른 편[쪽]의[건너편의] ② … 맞은편의 ③ (정)반대의 <부사> 정반대의 위치에, 맞은편에 <전치사> ① 건너편[맞은편]에 ② (연극/영화에서) … 상대역으로
[어원] [Latin] opponere ob+ponere; set against
[어근] ⑴ op(ob); against ⑵ pos(pose); 두다, 놓다, put ⑶ ite; 명사어미
pleasant [형용사] ★★★[2363] [레마] please
[본문] [44]Dr Templeton calls this the flip side - the opposite, less good or less pleasant aspects of something.
[영영] Something that is pleasant is nice, enjoyable, or attractive.
[영한] ① 쾌적한, 즐거운, 기분 좋은 ② 상냥한, 예의 바른
[첫뜻] pleasing or acceptable to God;
[파생] pleasable, pleasant, pleasantly, pleasantness, please, pleased, pleasedly, pleaser, pleasure, pleasureful, pleasureless
[반의어] unpleasant
[어원] [Latin] placere to please, give pleasure, be approved
[어근] ⑴ pleas; 기쁨, calm ⑵ ant; 형용사 어미
presenter [명사][8297] [레마] present < pres(앞에 있다)
[본문] [26]Here's, psychologist, Professor John Drury, discussing this idea with, Anand Jagatia, presenter of the BBC World Service programme, appropriately named, CrowdScience.
[영영] A radio or television presenter is a person who introduces the items in a particular programme. in AM, usually use host, anchor
[영한] ① (라디오/텔레비전 프로 각 부분의) 진행자[사회자] ② (특정 주제에 대한) 발표자 ③ (시상식에서) 시상하는 사람
[첫뜻] one who presents
[활용] 복수형; presenters
[구성단어] present + er
[어원] [Latin] present
[어근] ⑴ present(pres); 앞에 있다, be before ⑵ er; ~하는 사람(명사어미)
primitive [형용사] ☆[4587] [레마] primitive < prime
[본문] [27]When people get together in a crowd, they regress psychologically, their thinking is more primitive, they become more gullible, and that's also associated with the supposed tendency towards violence as well.
[영영] Primitive means belonging to a society in which people live in a very simple way, usually without industries or a writing system.
[영한] ① (산업화되기 이전의) 원시 사회의 ② (인간동물 발달) 초기의, 원시적인 단계의 ③ (물건 따위가 덜 발달하고 불편하여) 원시적인 ④ (감정욕구가) 원초[원시]적인
[첫뜻] of an original cause
[파생] primitively, primitiveness, primitive
[유의어] crude(원시적이다), savage
<명사> ① 프리미티브, 프리미티프 ② 프리미티브 아트
[어원] [Latin] primus first; at first 처음, 처음의
[어근] ⑴ primit(prime); first ⑵ ive; 형용사어미
prone [형용사][10000+] [레마] prone
[본문] [28]But according to John, the idea of mob mentality, that people in crowds are irrational and prone to destructive behaviour, just isn't backed up by research.
[영영] To be prone to something, usually something bad, means to have a tendency to be affected by it or to do it.
[영한] ① (좋지 않은 일을) 하기[당하기] 쉬운 ② -prone [형용사에서] …하기[당하기] 쉬운 참조 accident-prone ③ (배를 바닥에 대고) 엎어져[엎드려] 있는
[첫뜻] naturally inclined (to have or do something), apt, liable by disposition or tendency,
[파생] pronely, proneness, prone
[유의어] liable, prostrate
[어근] ⑴ pro; 앞, before, 찬성 ⑵ ne(um); 명사 어미
protest [명사] ★★★★[1990] [레마] protest < test(증언)
[본문] [46]It's one thing sitting alone shouting at the news on television, but it's something else altogether to march on a political protest with hundreds of demonstrators, feeling that together you could change the world.
[영한] 항의[반대/이의] (운동), 시위
[활용] 복수형; protests
[파생] protestant, protestation, protester, protestingly, protestor, protest
[유의어] compared
<동사> ① (특히 공개적으로) 항의[반대]하다, 이의를 제기하다 ② (…이 사실이라고) 주장[항변]하다 <형용사> 항의의, 반대의.
[어원] [Latin] testari [from testis] to bear witness, make a will, be witness to 증언하다, 유언하다, 중인이 되다
[어근] ⑴ pro; 앞(before), 찬성 ⑵ test; 증거, witness
psychologically [부사][9564] [레마] psychology < psycho(영혼)
[본문] [27]When people get together in a crowd, they regress psychologically, their thinking is more primitive, they become more gullible, and that's also associated with the supposed tendency towards violence as well.
[영한] 심리적으로
[파생] psychological, psychologically, psychology
[구성단어] psychological + ly
[어원] [Latin] psychologia
[어근] ⑴ psycho(psych); 심리, mind, psyche ⑵ log; 말, 학문, word ⑶ ical(ic); 형용사 어미 ⑷ ly; 부사 어미
psychologist [명사] ★★★[2132] [레마] psychology < psycho(영혼)
[본문] [26]Here's, psychologist, Professor John Drury, discussing this idea with, Anand Jagatia, presenter of the BBC World Service programme, appropriately named, CrowdScience.
[영영] A psychologist is a person who studies the human mind and tries to explain why people behave in the way that they do.
[영한] 심리학자
[활용] 복수형; psychologists
[파생] psychological, psychologist, psychology
[구성단어] psychology + ist
[어원] [Latin] psychologia
[어근] ⑴ psycho(psych); 심리, mind, psyche ⑵ log; study of ⑶ ist; ~하는 사람(명사어미)
psychology [명사] ★★★[2158] [레마] psychology < psycho(영혼)
[본문] [35]And according to Dr Anne Templeton, another expert on crowd psychology from the University of Edinburgh, that's especially true when you identify with the other people in a crowd.
[영영] Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and the reasons for people's behaviour.
[영한] ① 심리학 ② 심리 ③ 심리 작용[작전]
[첫뜻] study of the soul
[활용] 복수형; psychologies
[파생] psychological, psychologically, psychologist, psychology
[어원] [Latin] psychologia
[어근] ⑴ psycho(psych); breath, spirit, soul ⑵ logy(log); study of
regress [동사][10000+] [레마] regress < gress(발걸음)
[본문] [27]When people get together in a crowd, they regress psychologically, their thinking is more primitive, they become more gullible, and that's also associated with the supposed tendency towards violence as well.
[영한] 퇴행[퇴보/회귀]하다
[파생] regressor, regress
[구성단어] re + gress
[어원] [Latin] gressus to step 발검음을 옮기다[움직이다]
[어근] ⑴ re; 다시, 반대로, again ⑵ gress; 나아가다, step
Saturday [명사] ★★★[2575] [레마] Saturday < day
[본문] [8]But you love going to the football match on Saturday…
[영영] Saturday is the day after Friday and before Sunday.
[영한] 토요일
[활용] 복수형; Saturdays
[어원] [Old English] sæternesdæg [Sæternes+dæg] (literally) day of the planet Saturn
shout [동사] ★★★★[1532] [레마] shout
[본문] [46]It's one thing sitting alone shouting at the news on television, but it's something else altogether to march on a political protest with hundreds of demonstrators, feeling that together you could change the world.
[영영] If you shout, you say something very loudly, usually because you want people a long distance away to hear you or because you are angry.
[영한] ① 외치다, 소리[고함]치다, 소리 지르다, 큰 소리로 말하다 ② (시끄러운) 소리를 내다[지르다] ③ (호주 영어, 뉴질랜드 영어) (술집식당 등에서 술음식을) 사 주다, 한턱내다
[첫뜻] to call or cry out loudly
[활용] shouted, shouted, shouting, shouts
[파생] shouter, shout
<명사> ① 외침, 고함 (소리) ② 술을 살 차례
[어원] [Old Norse] skuta a taunt 놀리다, 비웃다, 조롱하다
[어근] shout(shot); 쏘다, shoot
sporting [형용사][10000+] [레마] sport < port
[본문] [10]Well, whether it's sporting events, train stations or political protests, crowds - that's large groups of people who gather together for a shared activity, are a feature of life.
[영한] ① 스포츠의 ② (특히 스포츠/경기에서) 정정당당한
[반의어] unsporting
[구성단어] sport + ing
[어원] [French] desporter [des+porter] to divert, amuse, please, play; to seek amusement; carry away
[어근] ⑴ s(dis); 하지 않기, 不, apart ⑵ port; 운반, 항구, carry ⑶ ing; ~하는 것(의)
stadium [명사] ★★★[2483] [레마] stadium
[본문] [20]Well, I know Indians love cricket, but I doubt 200 million people would fit into a stadium!
[영영] A stadium is a large sports ground with rows of seats all round it.
[영한] 경기장, 스타디움
[첫뜻] a foot race; an ancient measure of length,
[활용] 복수형; stadiums stadia
[어원] [Greek] spadion
suppose [동사] ★★★★[1194] [레마] suppose < pose
[본문] [27]When people get together in a crowd, they regress psychologically, their thinking is more primitive, they become more gullible, and that's also associated with the supposed tendency towards violence as well.
[영영] You can use suppose or supposing before mentioning a possible situation or action. You usually then go on to consider the effects that this situation or action might have.
[영한] ① (이미 알고 있는 지식에 의거하여 …일 것이라고) 생각하다, 추정[추측]하다 ② (무엇이 사실이라고) 가정[상정]하다, 가령[만약] …이라고 하다 ③ …인 것 같다[듯하다]
[첫뜻] to assume as the basis of argument
[활용] supposed, supposed, supposing, supposes
[파생] supposable, supposal, supposer, supposition, suppose
[유의어] imagine
[어원] [Latin] supponere sub+ponere; put or place under; to subordinate, make subject
[어근] ⑴ sup(sub); 아래 ⑵ pose; 두다, 놓다
tendency [명사] ★★★[2402] [레마] tend
[본문] [27]When people get together in a crowd, they regress psychologically, their thinking is more primitive, they become more gullible, and that's also associated with the supposed tendency towards violence as well.
[영영] A tendency is a worrying or unpleasant habit or action that keeps occurring.
[영한] ① 성향, 기질, 경향 ② 동향, 추세 ③ (정치 조직 내의) 과격파
[활용] 복수형; tendencies
[파생] tendance, tendency, tend
[유의어] trend
[어원] [Latin] tendere to stretch, extend, make tense; aim, direct; direct oneself, hold a course 늘이다, 길게[연장]하다, 긴장을 하다, 겨냥하다, ~로 향하다, 스로로에게 향하다, 과정을 유지하다
[어근] ⑴ tend; 뻗치다, 잡아당기다 ⑵ ency(ance); …한 일, 된 일
togetherness [명사][9917] [레마] together < gather(모이다[모으다])
[본문] [34]But according to Professor Drury, in reality it's not mob mentality and violence, but rather feelings of safety and togetherness that actually characterise crowds.
[영영] Togetherness is a happy feeling of affection and closeness to other people, especially your friends and family.
[영한] ① 침착성, 성실성. ② 단란함, (가족의) 단란. ③ 통합, 통일, 연대감
[활용] 불가산(不加算) 명사
[파생] together, togetherness
[구성단어] together + ness
[어원] [Old English] togædere [to+gædere] so as to be present in one place, in a group, in an accumulated mass
[어근] ⑴ to; to ⑵ gether(gather); 모으다[모이다], gather ⑶ ness; 명사 어미
trick [동사] ★★★[2099] [레마] trick
[본문] [31]They may also become more gullible, an adjective meaning easily tricked or willing to believe everything someone says.
[영영] If someone tricks you, they deceive you, often in order to make you do something.
[영한] ① 속이다, 잔꾀를 부리다, 한 방 먹이다 ② (사람을) 속여서 …시키다 ③ 기대를 어기다, 배신하다, 등지다 ④ 잔뜩 꾸미다, 모양내다 ⑤ (문장(紋章)을) 선화(線畵)로 그리다 ⑥ 남을 속이다 ⑦ 장난치다, 농락하다 ⑧ 요술을 부리다, 곡예를 하다 ⑨ 매춘(행위)을 하다, 성교하다 ⑩ 밀고하다
[첫뜻] deceive by trickery
[활용] tricked, tricked, tricking, tricks
[파생] tricker, trickily, trickiness, trickish, trickless, tricky, trick
[유의어] cheat
<명사> ① 속임수, (골탕을 먹이기 위한) 장난[농담] ② 혼란스러운 것 ③ (사람들을 즐겁게 하는) 마술 <형용사> ① (속임수를 이용한) 교묘한 ② (몸의 일부가) 말을 잘 안 듣는, 문제가 있는
[어원] [Latin] tricae complications, perplexities, hindrances, toys, tricks, vexations; trifles, nonsense, a tangle of difficulties 복잡함, 당혹감, 방해, 장난감, 속임수, 짜증, 하찮은 것, 허튼 수작, 뒤섞여 있는 어려움
[어근] trick; 속임수, trick
uncomfortable [형용사] ★★★[2257] [레마] comfort < fort
[본문] [11]For some, crowds create feelings of excitement and a sense of community, while for others they feel uncomfortable, confusing, or even dangerous.
[영영] If you are uncomfortable, you are slightly worried or embarrassed, and not relaxed and confident.
[영한] ① (옷/가구 등이) 불편한 ② (몸이) 불편한 ③ (마음이) 불편한[거북한] ④ (일 등이) 불쾌한[언짢은]
[파생] uncomfortableness, uncomfortably, uncomfortable
[반의어] comfortable, comfortable(편안하다)
[구성단어] comfortable
[어근] ⑴ un; not ⑵ com; intens. ⑶ fort; strong ⑷ able; 접미사
usual [형용사] ★★★★[1199] [레마] use
[본문] [14]And, as usual, we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.
[영영] Usual is used to describe what happens or what is done most often in a particular situation.
[영한] ① 하는[있는], 평상시의, 보통의 ② 늘 있는 일, 늘 마시는 것[술]
[파생] usually, usualness, usual
[유의어] normal
<명사> 여느 때의 건강 상태
[어원] [Latin] usare [frequentative form of pps of uti] use (자꾸) 쓰다
[어근] ⑴ use; 사용, use ⑵ al; 형용사 어미
violent [형용사] ★★★★[1624] [레마] violent < viol(폭력)
[본문] [25]But crowds can have a darker side as well - they can become out of control and sometimes even violent.
[영영] If someone is violent, or if they do something which is violent, they use physical force or weapons to hurt, injure, or kill other people.
[영한] ① 폭력적인, 난폭한 ② 격렬한, 맹렬한 ③ 극심한, 지독한, 끔찍한 ④ (색깔이) (극도로) 강렬한
[첫뜻] having a marked or powerful effect
[파생] violence, violent, violently
[유의어] intense(지독하다), severe(끔찍하다)
[어원] [Latin] violentus [related to violare, vis+-olentus] vehement, violent 폭력적인, 격렬한
[어근] ⑴ viol; 부상, 격노, injury ⑵ ent(ant); 형용사 어미
이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다
- 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
- 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 PDF(금주의 PDF 및 기타 다운로드 파일) https://softca.tistory.com/2179
금주의 PDF 파일은 이곳을 클릭하세요.
새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다
https://blog.naver.com/softca/221610250801
본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 2000순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.
본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.
새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.
6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다. 
