In this programme, Sam and Neil talk about ways to manipulate the weather. You’ll hear from two people about cloud seeding and geo-engineering.You’ll also learn some related vocabulary along the way.
이 프로그램에서 샘과 닐은 기후를 조작하는 방법에 관하여 이야기를 나눕니다. 당신은 두 사람에게서 구름 씨뿌리기와 지반 공학에 관하여 듣게 될 것입니다. 그리고 진행해 가면서 당신은 또한 관련된 어휘를 배우게 될 것입니다.
이것은 이번 주제의 주요 내용입니다. 영어 단어를 공부할 때 스토리와 함께 공부하면 크게 도움이 됩니다. 다음은 이번 주에 수록된 주요 단어 목록들입니다.
accuse [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2041] [★★] [레마] accuse < cause
[본문] [29]In the years since, scientists are often accused of meddling with nature.
[영영] If you accuse someone of doing something wrong or dishonest, you say or tell them that you believe that they did it.
[영한] 고발[기소/비난]하다, 혐의를 제기하다
[활용] accused, accused, accusing, accuses
[파생] accusation, accusatory, accuse, accuser, accusing, accusingly
[어원] [Latin] accusare to call to account, make complaint against, reproach, blame; bring to trial, prosecute, arraign indict
[어근] ⑴ ac(ad); to ⑵ cuse(caus); 이유, cause, motive
airplane [명사] [Rank; 3551] [★★] [레마] plane < plain
[본문] [31]Usually I respond and say, every time you get into your car, every time you get on an airplane you put substances in the air that don't belong, so you're also playing God.
[영영] An airplane is a vehicle with wings and one or more engines that enable it to fly through the air.
[영한] 비행기
[활용] 복수형; airplanes
[유의어] plane, aeroplane
[구성단어] air + plane
[어원] [Latin] planus level, flat
[어근] ⑴ air(aero); 공기, 항공 ⑵ plain; 평지
[AM][BRIT→aeroplane]
atmosphere [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2237] [★★] [레마] atmosphere < sphere(구(球))
[본문] [30]People are thinking, yeah, you're putting some substances in the atmosphere that should not be there.
[영영] A planet's atmosphere is the layer of air or other gases around it.
[영한] ① (지구의) 대기 ② (다른 행성의) 대기 ③ (방이나 한정된 공간의) 공기, (특정한 기운이 도는) 곳[장소] ④ 분위기, 기운 ⑤ (물리) 기압 단위(해면(海面)에 있어서 온도 0°C의 수은 760mm 주(柱)의 저면(底面)에 미치는 압력으로서 1cm2에 1,013 dyne의 힘이 작용하였을 때의 압력).
[첫뜻] gaseous envelop surrounding the earth
[활용] 복수형; atmospheres
[파생] atmospheric, atmospherical, atmospherically, atmosphere
[어원] [Latin] atmosphaera
[어근] ⑴ atmo(atmos); 증기, air ⑵ sphere; sphere, 구(球)
atmospheric [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] atmosphere < sphere(구(球))
[본문] [27]Listen as Charmaine Cozier, presenter of BBC World Service programme, The Inquiry, speaks with Professor Katja Friedrich, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Colorado:
[영영] Atmospheric is used to describe something which relates to the earth's atmosphere.
[영한] ① 대기의 ② 분위기 있는
[파생] atmospheric, atmospherical, atmospherically, atmosphere
[어원] [Latin] atmosphaera
[어근] ⑴ atmo(atmos); 증기, air, vapor ⑵ spher(sphere); 구(球), ball ⑶ ic; 형용사 어미
button [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2668] [★★] [레마] button
[본문] [9]Living in a wet country like Britain I sometimes wish I could push a magic button and stop it raining.
[영영] Buttons are small hard objects sewn on to shirts, coats, or other pieces of clothing. You fasten the clothing by pushing the buttons through holes called buttonholes.
[영한] ① (옷의) 단추 ② (기계를 작동시키기 위해 누르는) 버튼[단추] ③ (글자가 새겨진) 배지
[첫뜻] knob or ball attached to another body
[활용] 복수형; buttons
[파생] buttoner, buttonless, buttony, button
<동사> ① (up) 단추를 잠그다 ② (up) 단추로 잠그게 되어 있다
[어원] [French] boton [from bouter, boter] a button, a bud
[어근] button; 버튼, button
chemical [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2640] [★★] [레마] chemical < chem(연금술의)
[본문] [25]Airplanes fly through the clouds and spray chemicals to make water particles freeze and stick together as snowflakes.
[영한] 화학 물질
[활용] 복수형; chemicals
[파생] chemical, chemically, chemist, chemistry
<형용사> ① 화학의 ② 화학적인
[어원] [Latin] alchimicus
[어근] ⑴ chem; 화학, 연금술의 ⑵ ical(ic); 형용사 어미
controversial [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3115] [★★] [레마] controvert < vert(회전하다)
[본문] [13]In this programme, we'll be hearing about 'cloud-seeding' and 'geo-engineering', two controversial methods scientists are using to manipulate or change the weather.
[영영] If you describe something or someone as controversial, you mean that they are the subject of intense public argument, disagreement, or disapproval.
[영한] 논란이 많은
[첫뜻] subject to controversy;
[파생] controversial, controversialism, controversialist, controversially, controvert, controversy
[반의어] non-controversial(논란이 많다), uncontroversial(논란이 많다)
[어원] [Latin] controversus [contra+versus] turned in an opposite direction, disputed, turned against [contra+versus] turned in an opposite direction, disputed, turned against
[어근] ⑴ contro(contra); 뒤, against ⑵ versi(verse); 돌다, turn ⑶ al; 명/형용사 어미
controversy [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2898] [★] [레마] controvert < vert(회전하다)
[본문] [40]There's lots of controversy around solar geo-engineering - and for good reason.
[영영] Controversy is a lot of discussion and argument about something, often involving strong feelings of anger or disapproval.
[영한] ① 논란 ② 논쟁, 논의, (신문/잡지상의) 논전 ③ 말다툼, 언쟁 ④ (법) 민사상의 분쟁
[활용] 복수형; controversies
[파생] controversial, controversialism, controversialist, controversially, controvert, controverter, controvertible, controvertibly, controversy
[유의어] argument
[어원] [Latin] controversus [contra+versus] turned in an opposite direction, disputed, turned against [contra+versus] turned in an opposite direction, disputed, turned against
[어근] ⑴ contra; 뒤, against ⑵ vers(verse); 돌다, turn ⑶ y; 명사 어미
crop [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2483] [★★] [레마] crop
[본문] [26]These then fall as snow which builds up during winter before melting in spring to help water crops.
[영영] Crops are plants such as wheat and potatoes that are grown in large quantities for food.
[영한] ① (농)작물 ② (한 철에 거둔) 수확량 ③ (동시에 같은 일을 하는 사람들의) 무리[집단], (동시에 일어나는) 많은 일들 ④ (승마 때 쓰는 짧은) 채찍 ⑤ 아주 짧은 머리 ⑥ hair/curls 짧고 숱 많은 검은/금발 등의 머리[곱슬머리] ⑦ (조류의) 모이주머니
[첫뜻] head or top of a sprout or herb, any part of a medicinal plant except the root
[활용] 복수형; crops
[유의어] harvest
<동사> ① (머리를) 아주 짧게 깎다 ② (사진이나 그림의 일부를) 잘라 내다 ③ (동물이 풀을) 뜯어먹다
[어원] [Old English] cropp head or top of a sprout or herb, any part of a medicinal plant except the root 새싹 또는 허브의 윗부분, 뿌리를 제외한 약초 나무
cycle [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2240] [★★] [레마] cycle < cycl
[본문] [45]He says controversy over the method has waxed and waned - an idiom connected with the cycle of the moon which describes something that increases then decreases over time.
[영영] A cycle is a bicycle.
[영한] ① 자전거, 오토바이 ② 순환 ③ (기계 작동 등에서의) 회전[사이클]
[첫뜻] perpetual circulating period of time, on the completion of which certain phenomena return in the same order
[활용] 복수형; cycles
[파생] cyclic, cyclically, cyclicly, cycling, cycle
<동사> ① 자전거를 타다, 자전거로 다니다 ② 순환하다, 돌다, 회귀(回歸)하다
[어원] [Greek] kyklos circle, wheel, any circular body; circular motion, cycle of events 원, 바퀴, 원형의 형태를 가진것, 원 운동, 사건의 주기
[어근] cycle; 순환, 반복
decrease [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3400] [★★] [레마] decrease < cresc
[본문] [45]He says controversy over the method has waxed and waned - an idiom connected with the cycle of the moon which describes something that increases then decreases over time.
[영영] When something decreases or when you decrease it, it becomes less in quantity, size, or intensity.
[영한] (크기수 등이) 줄다[감소하다], 줄이다[감소시키다]
[첫뜻] become less, be diminished gradually
[활용] decreased, decreased, decreasing, decreases
[파생] decreasing, decreasingly, decrease
[유의어] diminish, wane
[반의어] increase
<명사> 감소, 하락
[어원] [Latin] decrescere de+crescere;
[어근] ⑴ de; from, away ⑵ crease(cresc); 커지다, grow, rise
disappoint [동사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] disappoint < point
[본문] [16]I hate to disappoint you, Neil, but these ideas involve making more, not less, rain.
[영영] ① If things or people disappoint you, they are not as good as you had hoped, or do not do what you hoped they would do.
② to make (someone) unhappy by not being as good as expected or by not doing something that was hoped for or expected
[영한] ① 실망시키다, 실망을 안겨 주다 ② (바라던 일을) 좌절시키다
[활용] disappointed, disappointed, disappointing, disappoints
[파생] disappointing, disappointingly, disappointingness, disappointment, disappoint
[어근] ⑴ dis; 하지 않기, 不, apart ⑵ ap(ad); 향하여, 첨가, to ⑶ point(punct); 찌르다, point
emission [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2937] [★★] [레마] emit < mit(보내다)
[본문] [41]People are, I think, sensibly scared that this could provide an excuse that allows countries or companies to avoid doing the work that has to be done to cut emissions.
[영영] An emission of something such as gas or radiation is the release of it into the atmosphere.
[영한] ① (빛/열/가스 등의) 배출 ② (대기 속의) 배출물, 배기가스
[활용] 복수형; emissions
[파생] emissive, emit, emission
[어원] [Latin] mittere to send; to put, place; to release, (in classical Latin) sent, let go; to throw 보내다; 놓다; 위치시키다; 놓아 주다, 가게 하다, 던지다
[어근] ⑴ e(ex); out of, 밖 ⑵ miss(mit); to send ⑶ ion; 명사어미
engineering [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2405] [★★] [레마] engine < gener(출산)
[본문] [38]Although it's never been tested, the method is controversial, as Charmaine Cozier discussed with Harvard University professor of engineering, David Keith, for BBC World Service's, The Inquiry:
[영영] Engineering is the work involved in designing and constructing engines and machinery, or structures such as roads and bridges. Engineering is also the subject studied by people who want to do this work.
[영한] ① 공학 기술 ② 공학
[활용] 불가산(不加算) 명사
[구성단어] engineer + ing
[어원] [Latin] ingenium [in-+gignere] innate qualities, ability; inborn character; (in Late Latin) a war engine, battering ram; (literally) that which is inborn 타고난 자질, 능력, 타고난 성격
[어근] ⑴ en; in ⑵ gin(gener); give birth, 생기다 ⑶ eer; 명사 어미 ⑷ ing; 명사 어미
excuse [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3514] [★★] [레마] excuse < cause
[본문] [41]People are, I think, sensibly scared that this could provide an excuse that allows countries or companies to avoid doing the work that has to be done to cut emissions.
[영영] An excuse is a reason which you give in order to explain why something has been done or has not been done, or in order to avoid doing something.
[영한] ① 변명, 이유 ② 구실, 핑계 거리 ③ 아주 나쁜 사례, (…라기엔) 보잘것없는 것 ④ (학부형이나 의사가 쓴) 결석[결근]계, 병결계
[첫뜻] pretext, justification
[활용] 복수형; excuses
[파생] excusable, excusableness, excusably, excusatory, excuse
<동사> ① (무례나 작은 실수 등을) 용서하다[봐주다] ② 변명하다, 변명[이유]이 되어 주다 ③ (자리를 뜨는 것에 대해) 양해하다[양해를 구하다]
[어원] [Latin] excusare ex+causa;
[어근] ⑴ ex; out, away ⑵ cuse(caus); 이유
experiment [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2004] [★★] [레마] experiment < peri(경험)
[본문] [28]The first cloud seeding experiments took place in the 1940s.
[영영] An experiment is a scientific test which is done in order to discover what happens to something in particular conditions.
[영한] ① (과학적인) 실험 ② 실험[시험]
[첫뜻] action of observing or testing; an observation, test, or trial; piece of evidence or empirical proof; feat of magic or sorcery
[활용] 복수형; experiments
[파생] experiment, experimental, experimentalize, experimentally, experimenter, experimentor
<동사> ① (과학적인) 실험을 하다 ② (새로운 아이디어방법 등을) 실험하다[시험 삼아 해 보다]
[어원] [Latin] peritus experienced, tested 경험한, 실험한
[어근] ⑴ ex; 밖으로 ⑵ peri; 실험, 경험, 노력 ⑶ ment; 명사어미
extract [동사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] extract < tract(끌다)
[본문] [32]Because everyone needs water, cloud seeding is becoming more and more popular, with scientists from over fifty countries using the method to extract rain from clouds.
[영영] To extract a substance means to obtain it from something else, for example by using industrial or chemical processes.
[영한] ① (화학적 과정 등을 거쳐) 뽑다[얻다], 추출하다 ② (돈정보 등을 억지로) 얻어[뜯어]내다 ③ 발췌하다 ④ (격식 또는 전문 용어) (특히 힘들여) 꺼내다[뽑다/빼다] ⑤ (어떤 상황에서 느낌특질을) 얻다[찾다]
[활용] extracted, extracted, extracting, extracts
[파생] extractability, extractable, extractible, extraction, extractive, extract
[유의어] derive, pick out
<명사> ① 발췌, 초록 ② 추출물
[어근] ⑴ ex; out ⑵ tract; draw
fifty [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3065] [★★] [레마] five
[본문] [32]Because everyone needs water, cloud seeding is becoming more and more popular, with scientists from over fifty countries using the method to extract rain from clouds.
[영한] ① 50의, 50개[사람]의 ② 50세의 ③ (막연히) 수많은
<명사> 쉰 , 오십, 50 <대명사> 오십개, 50개, 오십 명, 50사람
[어원] [Old English] fif five
[어근] ⑴ fif(five); 다섯[5], five ⑵ ty; 10의 배수
float [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3166] [★★] [레마] float
[본문] [47]While these ideas to change the weather have potential benefits, other suggestions - for example to position a giant floating mirror between the earth and sun - are highly controversial… Although personally, I think the idea of giant floating umbrella above Britain would be good!
[영영] If something or someone is floating in a liquid, they are in the liquid, on or just below the surface, and are being supported by it. You can also float something on a liquid.
[영한] ① (물 위나 공중에서) 떠[흘러]가다[떠돌다] ② (가라앉지 않고 물에) 뜨다 ③ (액체 위에) 띄우다 ④ (문예체) 미끄러지듯 걷다[움직이다] ⑤ (다른 사람들이 고려하도록 계획생각을) 제시하다[내놓다] ⑥ (상업) (회사가 처음으로) 주식을 일반인에게 발행하다[상장하다] ⑦ (경제) 변동 환율제를 쓰다
[첫뜻] to rest on the surface of water
[활용] floated floated floating floats
[파생] afloat, floatability, floatable, flotage, flotation
[유의어] drift, glide
<명사> ① (시가행진 때 무대처럼 꾸민) 장식 차량[꽃수레] ② 찌 ③ (수영할 때 몸이 잘 뜨게 하는) 부낭(浮囊)
[어원] [Old English] flotian to rest on the surface of water
[어근] float; float
freeze [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2831] [★★] [레마] freeze
[본문] [25]Airplanes fly through the clouds and spray chemicals to make water particles freeze and stick together as snowflakes.
[영영] If a liquid or a substance containing a liquid freezes, or if something freezes it, it becomes solid because of low temperatures.
[영한] ① 얼다, 얼리다 ② (수도관기계 등이[을]) 얼다[얼리다] ③ (기온이 섭씨) 영도[영하]이다 ④ 추워[얼어] 죽을 지경이다 ⑤ (음식을) 냉동하다[냉동 보관하다] ⑥ 냉동 보관이 되다 ⑦ (두려움 등으로 몸이) 얼어붙다[굳어지다] ⑧ (시스템 고장으로 컴퓨터 화면이) 프리즈되다[동결되다] ⑨ (영화나 비디오에서 특정 화면을 보기 위해) 정지시키다 ⑩ (임금가격 등을) 동결하다
[첫뜻] turn to ice
[활용] froze, frozen, freezing, freezes
[파생] freezable, frost, frostlike, frosty, freeze
[유의어] peg
[반의어] thaw
<명사> ① (임금가격 등의) 동결 ② 동결, 금지 ③ 한파
[어원] [Old English] freosan turn to ice 얼음으로 바뀌다
[어근] freeze; 얼다, freeze
giant [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2562] [★★] [레마] giant < giga
[본문] [47]While these ideas to change the weather have potential benefits, other suggestions - for example to position a giant floating mirror between the earth and sun - are highly controversial… Although personally, I think the idea of giant floating umbrella above Britain would be good!
[영영] Something that is described as giant is much larger or more important than most others of its kind.
[영한] 거대한, 위대한
[파생] giant, giantlike, giant-like, gigantic, gigantically, giganticness
[유의어] monster
<명사> ① (이야기 속의) 거인 ② 거인 같은[거대한] 사람[동물/식물] ③ 거대 조직[기업]
[어원] [Greek] gigas giant 거대한
[어근] ⑴ gi(giga); 거대한, giant ⑵ ant; 명사 어미
hills [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] hill
[본문] [52]In fact, Mawsynram, the world's wettest village, is in the Khasi hills of north-eastern India.
[영한] (자연지리학) 구릉지(丘陵地)
[구성단어] hill + s
[어원] [Old English] hyll hill
[어근] ⑴ hill; 언덕, hill ⑵ s; 명사 어미
idiom [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] idiom
[본문] [45]He says controversy over the method has waxed and waned - an idiom connected with the cycle of the moon which describes something that increases then decreases over time.
[영영] A particular idiom is a particular style of something such as music, dance, or architecture.
[영한] ① 관용구, 숙어 ② (특정 시기/지역에서 특정인들이 쓰는) 언어[어법] ③ (특정 개인/단체/시대/지역의) 표현 양식
[첫뜻] form of speech peculiar to a people or place
[활용] 복수형; idioms
[파생] idiomatic, idiomatical, idiomatically, idiomaticalness, idiom
[어근] ⑴ idi; 자신의, 기이한, own ⑵ om(oma); 명사 어미
inaction [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] action < act
[본문] [44]David Keith believes that geo-engineering could provide an excuse for inaction on climate change - a reason for countries to explain why they did not take action.
[영한] 활동 부족, 무대책
[구성단어] in + action
[어원] [Latin] agere to lead, go, to set in motion, drive, drive forward; to do, perform; incite to action; keep in movement 이끌다, 가다, 움직이게 맞춰 놓다, 몰고 가다, 앞으로 몰로 가다, 하다, 수행하다, 행동을 선동하다, 움직이도록 놔 두다
[어근] ⑴ in; 아님(不), not ⑵ act(ag); 행위, 이끌다, drive ⑶ ion; 명사어미
inquiry [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3396] [★★] [레마] inquire < quer
[본문] [27]Listen as Charmaine Cozier, presenter of BBC World Service programme, The inquiry, speaks with Professor Katja Friedrich, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Colorado:
[영영] An inquiry is a question which you ask in order to get some information.
[영한] ① 연구, 탐구 ② 조사, 취조, 심리 ③ 질문, 문의, 조회
[첫뜻] a judicial examination of facts to determine truth
[활용] 복수형; inquiries
[어근] ⑴ in(en); into ⑵ quir(quer); seek after ⑶ y; 명사 어미
[AM][BRIT→enquiry]
ironically [부사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4861] [★★] [레마] ironic < iron-(위선)
[본문] [10]And ironically, people living in hot, dry countries need rain but don't get it.
[영영] You use ironically to draw attention to a situation which is odd or amusing because it involves a contrast.
[영한] ① 비꼬아, 반어적으로 ② 얄궂게도
[파생] ironic, ironical, ironically, irony
[구성단어] ironical + ly
[어원] [Greek] eiron [perhaps related to eirein] dissembler [연관어 eirein] 위선[자]
[어근] ⑴ iron; 역설, dissemble ⑵ ical(ic); 형용사어미 ⑶ ly; 부사어미
kilometre [명사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] kilometer < meter
[본문] [37]This involves putting tiny particles called aerosols into the stratosphere - the band of sky twenty kilometres above the surface of the earth, about twice as high as airplanes fly.
[영영] A kilometre is a metric unit of distance or length. One kilometre is a thousand metres and is equal to 0.62 miles.
[영한] (약어:k, km) 킬로미터
[활용] 복수형; kilometres
[어원] [Greek] metron measure 측량[측정]하다
[어근] ⑴ kilo; 천(1,000) ⑵ metre(meter); 측량
[BRIT][AM→kilometer]
lightly [부사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3424] [레마] light
[본문] [7]It's been drizzling, that's raining lightly, all week…
[영영] ① in a light manner: such as
② with little weight or force
③ without care or concern, in a way that is not serious
[영한] ① 가볍게, 부드럽게 ② 약간, 조금 ③ (걱정하거나 관심을 두지 않고) 가볍게[대수롭지 않게] ④ (진지하게 고려하지 않고) 가볍게
[파생] alight, get off lightly, lighten, lightish, lightless, lightly, lightness, lightsome
[유의어] nonchalantly
[구성단어] light + ly
[어원] [Old English] leoht ⑴ [=leht] (Anglian) luminous, bright, beautiful, shining, having much light; ⑵ not heavy, having little actual weight, light in weight, lightly constructed; easy to do, trifling; quick, agile; ⑴ [=leht] (엥글로어語) 빛나는, 밝은, 아름다운, 빛이 나는, 많은 빛을 갖는; ⑵ 무겁지 않은, 실제 무게가 거의 없는, 무게가 가벼운, 가볍게 만들어진; 하기 쉬운 , 사소한; 빠르고 민첩한
[어근] ⑴ light; 빛, 가벼운, light ⑵ ly; 부사 어미
magic [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3440] [★★] [레마] magic
[본문] [9]Living in a wet country like Britain I sometimes wish I could push a magic button and stop it raining.
[영영] You use magic to describe something that does things, or appears to do things, by magic.
[영한] ① 마법[마술]의 ② 마력을 발휘하는, 아주 특별한 ③ 아주 멋진[즐거운]
[첫뜻] of or pertaining to magic
[파생] magic, magical, magically, magician
<명사> ① 마법, 마술, 도술 ② (사람들을 즐겁게 하기 위한) 마술 ③ 마력, (믿기 어려울 정도로 특별한) 매력[능력] <동사> 요술을 부려서[부리듯] 나타나게[사라지게/바뀌게] 하다
[어원] [Greek] magikos from magos; magical
[어근] ⑴ mag; 마법, magic ⑵ ic; …의, 와 같은(것)
manipulate [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4291] [★★] [레마] manipulate < ple(채우다)
[본문] [13]In this programme, we'll be hearing about 'cloud-seeding' and 'geo-engineering', two controversial methods scientists are using to manipulate or change the weather.
[영영] If you say that someone manipulates people, you disapprove of them because they skilfully force or persuade people to do what they want.
[영한] ① (흔히 교묘하고 부정직하게 사람/사물을) 조종하다 ② (사물을 능숙하게) 다루다[조작(操作)하다/처리하다] ③ (어긋난) 뼈[관절]를 제자리에 넣다
[첫뜻] to handle skillfully by hand
[활용] manipulated manipulated manipulating manipulates
[파생] manipulability, manipulable, manipulatable, manipulation, manipulative, manipulatively 유의어/반의어 [동사] influence, c, manipulator, manipulatory, manipulate
[어원] [Latin] manipulus [manus+plere] handful, sheaf, bundle 한 줌 가득[한 움금], 다발[묶음], 꾸러미
[어근] ⑴ mani(manu); 손, hand ⑵ pul(plet); fill ⑶ ate; 동사 어미
manipulation [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] manipulate < ple(채우다)
[본문] [24]The first type of weather manipulation we'll hear about is a way of getting snow and rain out of clouds known as 'cloud seeding'.
[영한] ① 교묘한 처리, 솜씨 있는 취급[조종] ② (상업) 시장 조작, 조작된 가격 ③ 조작, 속임수 ④ (의학) 촉진, 수기(手技)
[파생] manipulability, manipulable, manipulatable, manipulation, manipulative, manipulatively 유의어/반의어 [동사] influence, c, manipulator, manipulatory, manipulate
[어원] [Latin] manipulus [manus+plere] handful, sheaf, bundle 한 줌 가득[한 움금], 다발[묶음], 꾸러미
[어근] ⑴ mani(manu); 손, hand ⑵ pul(plet); fill ⑶ ation(ion); 명사 어미
melt [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3490] [★★] [레마] melt
[본문] [26]These then fall as snow which builds up during winter before melting in spring to help water crops.
[영영] When a solid substance melts or when you melt it, it changes to a liquid, usually because it has been heated.
[영한] ① (열 때문에 액체가 되도록) 녹다[녹이다] ② (감정 등이) 녹다[누그러지다], 녹이다, 누그러뜨리다
[첫뜻] become liquid through heat
[활용] melted melted melting melts
[파생] meltability, meltable, melter, meltingly, meltingness, melt
<명사> 용해, 용해 작용, 용해물, 용해량
[어원] [Old English] meltan become liquid through heat
[어근] melt; 녹다, melt
metre [명사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] meter
[본문] [17]We'll learn the details soon but first I have a question for you about the wettest place in the world, a village which gets nearly twelve metres of rain a year.
[영영] A metre is a metric unit of length equal to 100 centimetres.
[영한] ① (약어:m) 미터(길이의 단위. 100센티미터) ② (약어:m) (경주 명에 쓰여) … 미터 (경주) ③ (시의) 음보(音步)
[활용] 복수형; metres
[어원] [Greek] metron measure 측량[측정]하다
[어근] meter; 측량
[BRIT][AM→meter]
modification [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [레마] modify < mode
[본문] [35]Unlike cloud-seeding, the next type of weather modification has never been tested and is still just a theory.
[영한] (개선을 위한) 수정[변경]
[활용] 복수형; modifications
[파생] modifiability, modifiable, modifiableness, modification, modificative, modificatory, modify
[유의어] adaptation
[어근] ⑴ modi(mode); 양식, 측량 ⑵ fication; …화(하기)
moon [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2471] [★★] [레마] moon
[본문] [45]He says controversy over the method has waxed and waned - an idiom connected with the cycle of the moon which describes something that increases then decreases over time.
[영영] The moon is the object that you can often see in the sky at night. It goes round the Earth once every four weeks, and as it does so its appearance changes from a circle to part of a circle.→ see also new moon
[영한] ① 달 ② (특정한 모양의) 달 ③ (지구 외 행성의) 위성
[첫뜻] heavenly body which revolves about the earth monthly
[활용] 복수형; moons
[파생] moonish, moonless, moony, moon
<동사> (농담/경멸의 표시로) 엉덩이를 드러내 보이다
[어원] [Old English] mona moon 달
[어근] moon; 달, moon
personally [부사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2656] [★★] [레마] person
[본문] [47]While these ideas to change the weather have potential benefits, other suggestions - for example to position a giant floating mirror between the earth and sun - are highly controversial… Although personally, I think the idea of giant floating umbrella above Britain would be good!
[영영] You use personally to emphasize that you are giving your own opinion.
[영한] ① 개인적인 의견을 말하면, 나[자기]로서는 ② (다른 사람을 통하거나 하지 않고) 직접, 개인적으로 ③ (집단으로가 아닌) 개별[개인]적으로 ④ 인신공격적으로, (개인적인) 모욕감을 주도록 ⑤ (직업/공적 지위와 관련된 것이 아닌) 사적으로
[파생] person, personal, personality, personally
[유의어] individually
[어원] [Latin] persona related to personare; human being, person, personage; a part in a drama, assumed character; a mask, a false face
[어근] ⑴ person; 사람, person ⑵ al; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
politically [부사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2865] [★★] [레마] politic < polis
[본문] [43]And then, as climate change became more politically central, say in the 90s and 2000s, there was really a taboo.
[영한] 정치적으로
[파생] political, politically, politics
[구성단어] political + ly
[어근] ⑴ polit(polis); citizen, 시민 ⑵ ic; 형용사 어미 ⑶ al; 형용사 어미 ⑷ ly; 부사 어미
presenter [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] present
[본문] [27]Listen as Charmaine Cozier, presenter of BBC World Service programme, The Inquiry, speaks with Professor Katja Friedrich, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Colorado:
[영영] A radio or television presenter is a person who introduces the items in a particular programme. in AM, usually use host, anchor
[영한] ① (라디오/텔레비전 프로 각 부분의) 진행자[사회자] ② (특정 주제에 대한) 발표자 ③ (시상식에서) 시상하는 사람
[첫뜻] one who presents"
[활용] 복수형; presenters
[구성단어] present + er
[어원] [Latin] present
[어근] ⑴ pres; 앞에 있다 ⑵ ent(ant); 형용사어미 ⑶ er; ~하는 사람(명사어미)
rainy [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] rain
[본문] [49]Well, just think - there are even rainier places to live Neil, as I asked in my question: in which country is the world's rainiest village?
[영영] During a rainy day, season, or period it rains a lot.
[영한] 비가 많이 오는
[활용] 비교; rainy < rainier < rainiest
[파생] rainily, raininess, rainless, rainy, rain
[어근] ⑴ rain; rain ⑵ y; 형용사 어미
scare [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3844] [★★] [레마] scare
[본문] [41]People are, I think, sensibly scared that this could provide an excuse that allows countries or companies to avoid doing the work that has to be done to cut emissions.
[영영] If something scares you, it frightens or worries you.
[영한] ① 겁주다, 겁먹게[놀라게] 하다 ② 겁먹다, 무서워하다
[첫뜻] to frighten; to shrink from, shun; to prevent, avert
[활용] scared, scared, scaring, scares
[파생] scare, scarer, scaringly, scary
<명사> ① (많은 사람들이 느끼는) 불안(감)[두려움], (이러한 불안감으로 인한) 소동 ② (갑자기) 놀람, 공포 <형용사> 겁을 주는, 겁나게 하는
[어원] [Old Norse] skirra [from skjarr, related to skjarr] to frighten; to shrink from, shun; to prevent, avert
[어근] scare; 무서운, scare
sensibly [부사] [R; 5001+] [레마] sense < sent(느끼다)
[본문] [41]People are, I think, sensibly scared that this could provide an excuse that allows countries or companies to avoid doing the work that has to be done to cut emissions.
[영영] sensible + ly
[영한] ① 눈에 띌 정도로, 현저히 ② 현명하게, 분별 있게(reasonably), 지각 있게, 느끼기 쉽게
[파생] sensible, sensibly, sense
[구성단어] sensible + ly
[어원] [Latin] sensus [pp of sentire] perception, feeling, undertaking, meaning
[어근] ⑴ sens(sent); to feel, perceive ⑵ ibl(able); 형용사 어미 ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
snowflake [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] snow
[본문] [25]Airplanes fly through the clouds and spray chemicals to make water particles freeze and stick together as snowflakes.
[영한] 눈송이
[유의어] SNOW BUNTING
[구성단어] snow + flake
[어원] [Old English] snaw snow, that which falls as snow; a fall of snow; a snowstorm
solar [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2768] [★] [레마] solar
[본문] [36]'solar geo-engineering' aims to reduce global warming by reflecting sunlight away from the Earth, back into space.
[영영] Solar is used to describe things relating to the sun.
[영한] ① 태양의 ② 태양열을 이용한
[파생] solarism, solarist, solarize, solar
<명사> ① 태양에너지 ② 일광욕실 (=solarium 1.)
[어근] solar; 태양, sun
spray [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4467] [★★] [레마] spray
[본문] [25]Airplanes fly through the clouds and spray chemicals to make water particles freeze and stick together as snowflakes.
[영영] If you spray a liquid somewhere or if it sprays somewhere, drops of the liquid cover a place or shower someone.
[영한] ① (스프레이분무기로) 뿌리다[살포하다], 뿌려지다 ② (작은 것을 아주 많이) 뿌리다[퍼붓다] ③ (특히 수고양이가) (영역 표시로) 오줌을 깔기다
[첫뜻] sprinkle liquid in drops
[활용] sprayed sprayed spraying sprays
[파생] sprayer, spraylike, spray
<명사> ① 물보라, 비말 ② 스프레이, 분무 ③ 분무기, 스프레이
[어원] [Middle Dutch] sprayen sprinkle
[어근] spray; 물보라, spray
stratosphere [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] sphere
[본문] [37]This involves putting tiny particles called aerosols into the stratosphere - the band of sky twenty kilometres above the surface of the earth, about twice as high as airplanes fly.
[영영] ① the upper layer of the Earth's atmosphere that begins about 7 miles (11 kilometers) above the Earth's surface and ends about 30 miles (50 kilometers) above the Earth's surface
② a very high position, level, or amount
[영한] 성층권
[어원] [French] stratosphere [from stratus+-sphere]
[어근] ⑴ strato(stern); 퍼지다, 흩어지다, spread ⑵ sphere; 구(球), ball
substance [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2297] [★★] [레마] stance < st-(서다)
[본문] [30]People are thinking, yeah, you're putting some substances in the atmosphere that should not be there.
[영영] A substance is a solid, powder, liquid, or gas with particular properties.
[영한] ① 물질 ② 실체 ③ 본질, 핵심, 요지 ④ 중요성
[첫뜻] essential nature, real or essential part
[활용] 복수형; substances
[파생] substance, substanceless, substantial, substantialism, substantialist, substantiality, substantially, substantialness, substantiate, substantival, substantivally, substantively, substantiveness, substantive
[유의어] significance(중요성), meat
[어원] [Latin] stare [from PIE root *sta-] to stand
[어근] ⑴ sub; up to, under ⑵ sta(st); to stand ⑶ ance; 명사어미
suggestion [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2530] [★★]
[본문] [47]While these ideas to change the weather have potential benefits, other suggestions - for example to position a giant floating mirror between the earth and sun - are highly controversial… Although personally, I think the idea of giant floating umbrella above Britain would be good!
[영영] If you make a suggestion, you put forward an idea or plan for someone to think about.
[영한] ① 제안, 제의, 의견 ② (특히 좋지 않은 일에 대한) 시사[암시] ③ 기미, 기색 ④ 연상
[활용] 복수형; suggestions
[파생] suggest, suggester, suggestible, suggestion, suggestive, suggestively, suggestiveness
[유의어] hint(암시), trace(기미)
[어원] [Latin] suggestus pp of suggerere;
[어근] ⑴ sug(sub); 아래(밑), below ⑵ gest; 나르다, carry ⑶ ion; 명사 어미
sunlight [명사] [Rank; 3928] [★★] [레마] light
[본문] [36]'Solar geo-engineering' aims to reduce global warming by reflecting sunlight away from the Earth, back into space.
[영영] Sunlight is the light that comes from the sun during the day.
[영한] 햇빛, 햇살, 일광
[활용] 불가산(不加算) 명사
[파생] sunlit, sunlight
[구성단어] sun + light
[어원] [Old English] leoht ⑴ [=leht] (Anglian) luminous, bright, beautiful, shining, having much light; ⑵ not heavy, having little actual weight, light in weight, lightly constructed; easy to do, trifling; quick, agile; ⑴ [=leht] (엥글로어語) 빛나는, 밝은, 아름다운, 빛이 나는, 많은 빛을 갖는; ⑵ 무겁지 않은, 실제 무게가 거의 없는, 무게가 가벼운, 가볍게 만들어진; 하기 쉬운 , 사소한; 빠르고 민첩한
taboo [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] taboo
[본문] [43]And then, as climate change became more politically central, say in the 90s and 2000s, there was really a taboo.
[영영] If there is a taboo on a subject or activity, it is a social custom to avoid doing that activity or talking about that subject, because people find them embarrassing or offensive.
[영한] ① 금기 (사항), 터부 ② 금기시되는 것
[활용] 복수형; taboos tabus
<동사> ① 터부로 삼다, 금기[금지/금단]하다 ② 엄금하다, 금제하다 ③ (남을) 빼돌리다, 추방하다 <형용사> ① (신성 또는 부정(不淨)한 것이라 하여) 금기하는, 가까이해서 안되는. ② 금제의, 금단의
[어원] [Tongan] ta-bu sacred
twelve [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3247] [★★] [레마] two
[본문] [17]We'll learn the details soon but first I have a question for you about the wettest place in the world, a village which gets nearly twelve metres of rain a year.
[영한] 12(개)의, 12명의
<명사> 12, 열둘 <대명사> 12개[명]
[어원] [Old English] twelf [from Proto-Germanic *twa-lif-, *twa-+*lif-] twelve; two left (over ten), (literally) "two left"
[어근] ⑴ twe(two); 둘[2], two ⑵ lve; 초과한, 남은, left over
twenty [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2104] [★★] [레마] two
[본문] [37]This involves putting tiny particles called aerosols into the stratosphere - the band of sky twenty kilometres above the surface of the earth, about twice as high as airplanes fly.
[영한] ① 스물,이십,20 ② (20~29 사이의) 20대, 20년대, (온도가) 20도대
[활용] 복수형; twenties
[어원] [Old English] twegen two
[어근] ⑴ twen(two); two ⑵ ty; 10의 배수
umbrella [명사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] umbrella
[본문] [47]While these ideas to change the weather have potential benefits, other suggestions - for example to position a giant floating mirror between the earth and sun - are highly controversial… Although personally, I think the idea of giant floating umbrella above Britain would be good!
[영영] An umbrella is an object which you use to protect yourself from the rain or hot sun. It consists of a long stick with a folding frame covered in cloth.
[영한] ① 우산, 양산, 파라솔 ② (다른 많은 부분/요소를 포괄하는) 상부[상위] ③ (국가/시스템 등에 의한) 보호
[첫뜻] hand-held portable canopy which opens and folds,
[활용] 복수형; umbrellas
[파생] umbrellaed, umbrellalike, umbrella-like, umbrella
[어원] [Latin] umbrella from umbella; sunshade, parasol
[어근] ⑴ umbr(umbre); 그늘, shade, shadow ⑵ ella(el); 명사 어미
uncontroversial [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] controvert < vert(회전하다)
[본문] [46]In the 1960s for example, geo-engineering was uncontroversial, but by the 1990s it had become taboo - a subject that is avoided for social or religious reasons.
[영한] 논란의 여지가 없는[적은]
[반의어] controversial, controversial(논란이 많다)
[구성단어] un + controversial
[어원] [Latin] vertere to turn, turn back, be turned; convert, transform, translate; be changed 돌다[회전하다], 뒤로 돌다[역회전하다], 돌려지다[반환되다], 전환하다, 변환하다,, 번역하다, 변경되다
[어근] ⑴ un; 아님(不, 無), not ⑵ contro(contra); 뒤, against ⑶ versi(verse); 돌다, turn ⑷ al(ad); 형용사 어미
unlike [전치사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2490] [★★] [레마] like
[본문] [35]unlike cloud-seeding, the next type of weather modification has never been tested and is still just a theory.
[영영] If one thing is unlike another thing, the two things have different qualities or characteristics from each other.
[영한] ① …와 다른 ② …와는 달리 ③ …답지 않은
[파생] unlikeness, unlike
[반의어] like
<명사> 닮지 않은 사람[것] <형용사> (두 사람사물이) 서로 다른
[어원] [Old English] gelic [from Proto-Germanic *(ga)leika-] like, similar; alike 비슷한, 유사한, ~과 같은
[어근] ⑴ un; not ⑵ like; 비슷한, similar, alike
unlimited [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] limit
[본문] [34]In other words, they're accused of playing God - acting as if they have unlimited power and can do whatever they want.
[영영] ① without any limits or restrictions
② not limited in number or amount
[영한] 무제한의, 무한정의
[구성단어] un + limited
[어원] [Latin] limitare to bound, limit, fix 경계를 이루다, 제한하다, 고정시키다
[어근] ⑴ un; 아님(不, 無), not ⑵ limit; limes, 경계 ⑶ ed; …을 가진
usual [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2381] [★★] [레마] use
[본문] [14]And as usual, we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.
[영영] Usual is used to describe what happens or what is done most often in a particular situation.
[영한] ① 하는[있는], 평상시의, 보통의 ② 늘 있는 일, 늘 마시는 것[술]
[파생] usually, usualness, usual
[유의어] normal
<명사> 여느 때의 건강 상태
[어원] [Latin] usare [frequentative form of pps of uti] use (자꾸) 쓰다
[어근] ⑴ use; 사용, use ⑵ al; 형용사 어미
warming [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [레마] warm
[본문] [36]'Solar geo-engineering' aims to reduce global warming by reflecting sunlight away from the Earth, back into space.
[영한] ① (더) 따뜻하게 하기[되기] ② 온난화
<형용사> 따뜻하게 해 주는
[어근] ⑴ warm; warm ⑵ ing; 현재분사어미
wet [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2491] [레마] wet
[본문] [9]Living in a wet country like Britain I sometimes wish I could push a magic button and stop it raining.
[영영] If something is wet, it is covered in water, rain, sweat, tears, or another liquid.
[영한] ① 젖은 ② (날씨 등이) 비가 오는, 궂은 ③ (페인트잉크 등이) 아직 마르지 않은 ④ (아기가) 오줌을 싼, (기저귀가 오줌으로) 젖은 ⑤ (사람이) 무른, 나약한
[첫뜻] moist, rainy, liquid,
[활용] 비교; wet < wetter < wettest
[파생] wetly, wetness, wettability, wettable, wetter, wetting, wettish, wet
[유의어] feeble, wimpish
[반의어] dry(마르다)
<명사> ① 궂은 날씨, 비 ② 액체, 물 ③ 중도 보수파 정치인, 물렁한 보수파 <동사> 적시다
[어원] [Old English] wæt moist, rainy, liquid
[어근] wet; 젖은, wet
이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다
- 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
- 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 PDF(금주의 PDF 및 기타 다운로드 파일) https://softca.tistory.com/1955
금주의 PDF 파일은 이곳을 클릭하세요.
새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다
https://blog.naver.com/softca/221610250801
본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 2000순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.
본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.
새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.
[BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Controlling the weather에 수록된 영어단어 수는
- 고유명사를 제외하고 총 380개 입니다.
- 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 378개로 99%가 해당됩니다.
- 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 388개로 102%가 해당됩니다.
- Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 376개로 98%가 해당됩니다.
- 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 356개로 93%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.
이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함께 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다
6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다. 
