Archbishop Desmond Tutu, a Nobel Peace Prize winner who helped end the racist regime in South Africa, died last year aged 90. Neil and Sam talk about the life of this hero of the 20th century and teach you related vocabulary.
[남아공화국의 인종주의 정권의 종식을 도왔던] 노벨평화상 수상자인 Desmond Tutu 대주교가 지난 해 향년 90세로 죽었습니다. 닐과 샘이 20세기의 이 영웅의 생애에 대하여 말합니다 그리고 당신에게 관련된 어휘를 가르칩니다.
이것은 이번 주제의 주요 내용입니다. 영어 단어를 공부할 때 스토리와 함께 공부하면 크게 도움이 됩니다. 다음은 이번 주에 수록된 주요 단어 목록들입니다.
acquit [동사] [R; 5001+] [레마] acquit < quit
[본문] [35]…they handcuffed her, and they walked with her in the streets, she was paraded, and then when the court case was heard my wife was acquitted - but they had done what they wanted to do which was humiliate her, and in the process hit at me.
[영한] ① 무죄를 선고하다 ② 잘, 잘못 처신하다[(능력을) 발휘하다] 등
[파생] acquittal, acquitter, acquit
[반의어] convict
[어근] ⑴ ac(ad); 향하여, to ⑵ quit(qui); 휴식, rest
affectionately [부사] [R; 5001+] [레마] affect < fact(만들다)
[본문] [14]Nelson Mandela was sometimes affectionately called by his clan's name, Madiba, but do you know what nickname Archbishop Desmond Tutu was given?
[영한] 다정하게
[파생] affectionate, affectionately, affectionateness, affection
[어근] ⑴ af(ad); 향하여, to ⑵ fect(fac); 만들다, 하다, make ⑶ ion(ation); 명사 어미 ⑷ ate; 형용사 어미 ⑸ ly; 부사 어미
arch [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] arch < arc(활)
[본문] [16]a) The Des b) The Bish or c) The arch?
[영영] ① An arch is a structure that is curved at the top and is supported on either side by a pillar, post, or wall.
② An arch is a curved line or movement.
③ The arch of your foot is the curved section at the bottom in the middle.
[영한] ① 아치형 구조물 ② 아치형 장식(이 붙어 있는 입구탑 등) ③ 발바닥의 오목한 부분, 장심 ④ 아치형(의 것)
[파생] archly, archness, arch
<동사> ① (몸을[이]) 동그랗게 구부리다[구부러지다] ② 아치 모양을 그리다[하다] <형용사> ① (남이 모르는 것을 안다는 듯) 재미있어 하는 ② 주요한(chief), 제1의
[어근] arch(arc); 활
archbishop [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] bishop
[본문] [5]In this 6 Minute English we're celebrating the life of one of modern South Africa's founding fathers - the icon and Nobel laureate, archbishop Desmond Tutu.
[영영] In the Roman Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican Churches, an archbishop is a bishop of the highest rank, who is in charge of all the bishops and priests in a particular country or region.
[영한] 대주교
[첫뜻] a bishop of the highest rank
[활용] 복수형; archbishops
[파생] archbishopric, archbishop
[어근] ⑴ arch; 지도자, lead ⑵ bishop; 주교, 관찰자
ashamed [형용사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] shame
[본문] [38]Police officers arrested and handcuffed Leah to humiliate her - make her feel ashamed and stupid.
[영영] If someone is ashamed, they feel embarrassed or guilty because of something they do or they have done, or because of their appearance.
[영한] ① (~여서[해서]) 부끄러운[창피한, 수치스러운] ② (~ 하기가) 부끄러운[꺼려지는]
[파생] ashamedly, ashamedness, ashamed
[어근] ⑴ a; on, up, into ⑵ shame; 수치심, shame ⑶ d(ed); 형용사 어미
badly [부사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3137] [★★] [레마] bad
[본문] [49]If you spoil a child, you let them do whatever they want, but be careful because they might take advantage of you - treat you badly for their own benefit.
[영영] If something is done badly or goes badly, it is not very successful or effective.
[영한] ① (무엇을 솜씨 있거나 조심성 있게 하지 못함을 나타냄) ② (성공적으로 해 내거나 되어 가지 않음을 나타냄) ③ (받아들일 만한 수준이 못 됨을 나타냄) ④ (무엇에 대한 사람들의 견해가 안 좋게 되어 감을 나타냄) ⑤ (바람/필요 등의 의미를 강조하여) 몹시[너무] ⑥ (상황의 심각성을 강조하여) 심하게[몹시]
[활용] 비교; badly < worse < worst
[파생] baddish, badly, badness, bad
[반의어] well
<형용사> ① 몸이 아픈(sick), 기분이 언짢은. ② 딱한, 유감스러운. ③ 낙담한, 기가 죽은.
[어근] ⑴ bad; 나쁜, bad ⑵ ly; 부사 어미
cape [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] cape < cap
[본문] [11]He died in December 2021 and was laid to rest in cape Town in a state funeral on New Year's Day.
[영영] A cape is a large piece of land that sticks out into the sea from the coast.
[영한] ① 망토 ② (약어:C.) [흔히 지명에서] 곶, 갑 ③ 곶, 갑(岬)
[첫뜻] ① sleeveless cloak, circular covering for the shoulders ② promontory, piece of land jutting into a sea or lake
<동사> (항해) (배가) 양호한 조타성을 가지다 <형용사> 희망봉의, 남아프리카의
[어근] cape(cap); 머리, head
clan [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] clan
[본문] [14]Nelson Mandela was sometimes affectionately called by his clan's name, Madiba, but do you know what nickname Archbishop Desmond Tutu was given?
[영영] ① a large group of people who are related
② a large family
③ a group of people who are similar or who are interested in the same thing
[영한] ① (특히 스코틀랜드의) 씨족[문중] ② (비격식, 때로 유머) (특정 이유로 관련을 갖는) 집단[무리]
[첫뜻] a family, a tribe,
[활용] 복수형; clans
[파생] clannish, clan
[어원] cland(Old Irish), [from Latin planta] offspring, tribe
commission [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2400] [★★] [레마] commit < mit(보내다)
[본문] [41]Archbishop Tutu describes the event as "near unforgivable" but, in fact, he did forgive the white police officers, and in 1991, at the end of apartheid, he started the Truth and Reconciliation commission as a way of healing divisions between black and white communities.
[영영] A commission is a piece of work that someone is asked to do and is paid for.
[영한] ① (보통 정부의 위임을 받은) 위원회[위원단] ② (위탁 판매 대가로 받는) 수수료[커미션] ③ (은행 등에서 서비스 대가로 받는) 수수료 ④ (설계그림 등의 제작) 의뢰[주문] ⑤ (군대의) 장교직 ⑥ (범행과실을) 범함, 저지름
[활용] 복수형; commissions
[파생] commission, commissional, commissionary, commit, commitment, committable, committer
<동사> ① (미술음악 작품 등을) 의뢰[주문]하다 ② (장교로) 임관시키다
[어근] ⑴ com; 함께 ⑵ miss(mit); send ⑶ ion(ation); 명사 어미
educated [형용사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] educe < duce
[본문] [25]My mother was not educated much but she had an incredible loving for people and was very generous.
[영영] Someone who is educated has a high standard of learning.
[영한] ① …한[…에서] 교육을 받은 ② 많이 배운, 학식[교양] 있는
[어근] ⑴ e(ex); out, 접두어 ⑵ duc; lead ⑶ at(ate); …의 특질을 가진; 주다 ⑷ ed; 과거분사어미
enforce [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3579] [★] [레마] enforce < force
[본문] [7]Apartheid was enforced against the black population of South Africa by the white minority government from 1948 until 1991.
[영영] If people in authority enforce a law or a rule, they make sure that it is obeyed, usually by punishing people who do not obey it.
[영한] ① (법률 등을) 집행[시행/실시]하다 ② 강요하다
[활용] enforced, enforced, enforcing, enforces
[파생] enforceability, enforceable, enforcedly, enforcement, enforcer, enforce
[어근] ⑴ en; 만들다 ⑵ force(fort); 강함, 기회, chance
[어원] infortiare(Latin), in+fortis;
forefront [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] front
[본문] [36]I have to say that I found those actions near unforgivable, because I was the one who was out in the forefront... although Leah… she's a toughie!
[영영] ① the most important part or position
②
[영한] ① 맨 끝, 맨 앞, 선두, 제일선 ② 가장 중요한 위치, (활동/흥미 따위의) 중심.
[첫뜻] front part,
[어근] ⑴ fore; 앞, fore ⑵ front; 이마, 앞, forehead
forgive [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3629] [★★] [레마] forgive < give
[본문] [41]Archbishop Tutu describes the event as "near unforgivable" but, in fact, he did forgive the white police officers, and in 1991, at the end of apartheid, he started the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as a way of healing divisions between black and white communities.
[영영] If you forgive someone who has done something bad or wrong, you stop being angry with them and no longer want to punish them.
[영한] ① 용서하다 ② … (…해서) 죄송합니다 ③ (은행/국가 등이) (빚을) 탕감하다
[활용] forgave, forgiven, forgiving, forgives
[파생] forgivable, forgivably, forgive, forgiveness
[어근] ⑴ for; 금지, 제외, completely ⑵ give; 주다, give
[어원] forgiefan(Old English), [for-⑵+giefan] give, grant, allow; remit a debt), pardon an offense)
forgiveness [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] forgive < give
[본문] [47]Affectionately known as The Arch, Desmond Tutu will be remembered as a man of peace and forgiveness.
[영영] If you ask for forgiveness, you ask to be forgiven for something wrong that you have done.
[영한] 용서
[활용] [U]
[파생] forgivable, forgivably, forgive, forgiveness
<동사>
[어근] ⑴ for; 금지, 제외, completely ⑵ give; 주다, give ⑶ ness; 명사 어미
funeral [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2908] [★★] [레마] funeral
[본문] [11]He died in December 2021 and was laid to rest in Cape Town in a state funeral on New Year's Day.
[영영] a ceremony held for a dead person
[영한] 장례식
[활용] 복수형; funerals
<형용사> 장례식의, 장송(葬送)의, 장례식용의.
[어원] funus(Latin), (genitive funeris) funeral, funeral procession, burial rites; death, corpse
generous [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3922] [★★] [레마] gener
[본문] [25]My mother was not educated much but she had an incredible loving for people and was very generous.
[영영] A generous person gives more of something, especially money, than is usual or expected.
[영한] ① (무엇을 주는 데 있어서) 후한[너그러운] ② 넉넉한 ③ (사람을 대하는 데 있어서) 관대한[아량 있는]
[첫뜻] of noble birth
[파생] generosity, generous, generously, generousness
[유의어] lavish
[반의어] mean, mean(인색하다)
[어근] ⑴ gener; 자식을 보다, 생기다, beget ⑵ ous; …이 많은, …성(性)의
gentle [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3421] [★★] [레마] gentle < genit
[본문] [26]Part of my own unhappiness was precisely that anyone could want to take advantage of such a gracious, gentle, generous person.
[영영] Someone who is gentle is kind, mild, and calm.
[영한] ① 온화한, 순한, 조용한, 조심스러운 ② (날씨/기온 등이) 심하지 않은 ③ (영향 등이) 가벼운[순한] ④ 완만한 참조 gently
[첫뜻] well-born, of noble rank or family,
[활용] 비교; gentle < gentler < gentlest
[파생] gentle, gentleness, gently
[어근] ⑴ gent(gener); 자식을 보다, 생기다, beget ⑵ le; 형용사 어미
gracious [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] grace < grat
[본문] [26]Part of my own unhappiness was precisely that anyone could want to take advantage of such a gracious, gentle, generous person.
[영영] Some people say good gracious or goodness gracious in order to express surprise or annoyance.
[영한] ① (사람이나 행동이) (특히 아래 사람에게) 자애로운, 품위 있는 ② (부유함에서 나오는) 우아한 ③ (왕가의 사람들이나 그들의 행동과 관련하여 극존칭으로 덧붙이는 말) ④ (하느님이) 자비로운 ⑤ (구식이 되어감) (놀라움을 나타내어) 세상에[맙소사/어머나]
[파생] graceful, gracious, graciously, graciousness, grace
[어근] ⑴ graci(grat); 환희, 감사, please ⑵ ouse(ous); 형용사 어미
guilty [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2077] [★★] [레마] guilt
[본문] [39]When she went to court, Leah was acquitted - declared not guilty of committing a crime.
[영영] If you feel guilty, you feel unhappy because you think that you have done something wrong or have failed to do something which you should have done.
[영한] ① 죄책감이 드는, 가책을 느끼는 ② 유죄의, (잘못된 일에 대해) 책임이 있는
[첫뜻] offending, delinquent, criminal
[활용] 비교; guilty < guiltier < guiltiest
[파생] guiltily, guiltiness, guilty, guilt
[반의어] innocent(유죄이다)
<명사> 죄악감.
[어근] ⑴ guilt; guilt ⑵ y; 형용사 어미
handcuff [동사] [R; 5001+] [레마] cuff
[본문] [35]…they handcuffed her, and they walked with her in the streets, she was paraded, and then when the court case was heard my wife was acquitted - but they had done what they wanted to do which was humiliate her, and in the process hit at me.
[영영] to put handcuffs on (someone)
[영한] 수갑을 채우다
[활용] handcuffs, handcuffed, handcuffed, handcuffing
<명사> 수갑.
[구성단어] hand + cuff
harass [동사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] harass
[본문] [40]But the police continued to harass her, even though his wife was, in his own words, a toughie - someone who is tough and determined.
[영영] If someone harasses you, they trouble or annoy you, for example by attacking you repeatedly or by causing you as many problems as they can.
[영한] ① (압력을 가하거나 불쾌한 말/행동으로) 괴롭히다[희롱하다] ② (적을) 반복 공격하다
[첫뜻] to lay waste, devastate; to vex by repeated attacks
[활용] harassed harassed harassing harasses
[파생] harassable, harassed, harasser, harassing, harassment, harass
[유의어] Harry, persecute
[어원] harasser(French), tire out, vex(기진맥진하다, 짜증나게 하다)
heal [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4417] [★★] [레마] heal
[본문] [41]Archbishop Tutu describes the event as "near unforgivable" but, in fact, he did forgive the white police officers, and in 1991, at the end of apartheid, he started the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as a way of healing divisions between black and white communities.
[영영] When a broken bone or other injury heals or when something heals it, it becomes healthy and normal again.
[영한] ① (up) 치유되다, 낫다, 치유하다, 낫게 하다 ② (아픈 사람을) 치료하다, 고치다, (마음을) 치유하다 ③ 메우다[메워지다]
[첫뜻] cure; save; make whole, sound and well
[활용] healed, healed, healing, heals
[파생] healable, healer, healing, healingly, heal
[어근] heal; heal, 치료
[어원] hælan(Old English), to heal(치유되다)
humiliate [동사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] hum-
[본문] [35]…they handcuffed her, and they walked with her in the streets, she was paraded, and then when the court case was heard my wife was acquitted - but they had done what they wanted to do which was humiliate her, and in the process hit at me.
[영영] To humiliate someone means to say or do something which makes them feel ashamed or stupid.
[영한] 굴욕감을 주다
[활용] humiliated, humiliated, humiliating, humiliates
[파생] eighteen, humiliating, humiliatingly, humiliation, humiliative, humiliator, humiliatory, humiliate
[유의어] mortify(굴욕감을 주다)
[어근] ⑴ hum; 땅 ⑵ ili(ile); 형용사 어미 ⑶ ate; 동사 어미
icon [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4404] [레마] icon
[본문] [5]In this 6 Minute English we're celebrating the life of one of modern South Africa's founding fathers - the icon and Nobel laureate, Archbishop Desmond Tutu.
[영영] If you describe something or someone as an icon, you mean that they are important as a symbol of a particular thing.
[영한] ① (컴퓨터) (컴퓨터 화면의) 아이콘 ② (특정한 사상/생활 방식 등의 상징으로 여겨지는) 우상[아이콘] ③ (그리스 정교에서) 성상, 성화
[첫뜻] image, figure, picture
[어원] eikon(Greek), likeness, image, portrait
imprison [동사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] prison < prehend
[본문] [9]While other anti-apartheid leaders, like his close friend Nelson Mandela, were imprisoned or even killed, Archbishop Tutu was there at every step of the struggle - the rebellious priest speaking out against the injustices of apartheid.
[영영] If someone is imprisoned, they are locked up or kept somewhere, usually in prison as a punishment for a crime or for political opposition.
[영한] 투옥하다, 감금하다
[활용] imprisoned, imprisoned, imprisoning, imprisons
[파생] imprisoner, imprisonment, imprison
[유의어] jail, prison
[어근] ⑴ in(en); 안에 두다, 하게 하다, into ⑵ pris(prehend); 잡다, grasp ⑶ on; 명사 어미
[어원] emprisoner(French), [em-+prison, Formerly also emprison] imprison; be in prison
injustice [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] just
[본문] [9]While other anti-apartheid leaders, like his close friend Nelson Mandela, were imprisoned or even killed, Archbishop Tutu was there at every step of the struggle - the rebellious priest speaking out against the injustices of apartheid.
[영영] Injustice is a lack of fairness in a situation.
[영한] 불평등, 부당함, 부당성
[첫뜻] unfairness, injustice
[활용] 복수형; injustices
[반의어] justice
[어근] ⑴ in; 아님(不), not ⑵ just; 정의, justice ⑶ ice; 명사 어미
inspirational [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] inspire < spir
[본문] [42]What an inspirational life!
[영영] Something that is inspirational provides you with inspiration.
[영한] 영감[감화/자극]을 주는
[파생] inspiration, inspirational, inspirationally, inspirationism, inspirationist, inspiratory, inspire
[어근] ⑴ in; 안(內), in ⑵ spir(spire); 호흡, breathe ⑶ ation; 명사 어미 ⑷ al; 형용사 어미
laureate [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] laurel
[본문] [5]In this 6 Minute English we're celebrating the life of one of modern South Africa's founding fathers - the icon and Nobel laureate, Archbishop Desmond Tutu.
[영영] short for poet laureate
[영한] ① (뛰어난 업적으로 훈장/상을 받은) 수상자 ② 상호참조 Poet Laureate
[활용] 복수형; laureates
[파생] laureate, laureateship, laureation, laurel, laureled
<동사> …에게 영관(榮冠)을 수여하다 , 계관(桂冠)시인으로 임명하다. <형용사> ① (문어) (명예의 상징으로서) 월계관을 쓴. ② (어떤 분야에서) 뛰어난, 인정받은. ③ (화관/관 등이) 월계수로 만들어진.
[어근] ⑴ laure(laurel); 월계수, laurel ⑵ ate; 형용사 어미
[어원] laurus(Latin), laurel
licence [명사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] lic
[본문] [34]In this interview with BBC World Service programme, Outlook, Archbishop Tutu remembers one terrifying incident involving his wife, Leah, who had gone to the Johannesburg traffic department to renew a car licence:
[영영] A licence is an official document which gives you permission to do, use, or own something.
[영한] ① 면허[자격](증) ② (흔히 좋지 못한 것을 마음대로 할 수 있는) 자유, 방종 ③ 음란, 음탕함
[첫뜻] formal authorization, official permission, permit, privilege
[활용] 복수형; licences
[어근] ⑴ licen(lic); 허락 ⑵ ce; …하기(명사어미)
[BRIT][AM→license]
nickname [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] name
[본문] [14]Nelson Mandela was sometimes affectionately called by his clan's name, Madiba, but do you know what nickname Archbishop Desmond Tutu was given?
[영영] a name (such as “Moose“ or “Lady Bird“) that is different from your real name but is what your family, friends, etc., call you when they are talking to you or about you
[영한] 별명
[활용] 복수형; nicknames
[유의어] moniker(별명), sobriquet(별명)
[구성단어] nick + name
non-violent [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] violent < viol(폭력)
[본문] [6]Archbishop Tutu was one the leaders of the non-violent movement to end the system of racial segregation known as apartheid.
[영한] ① 비폭력적인(평화적인 방법으로 정치/사회 변화를 시도하는) ② (범죄 등이) 비폭력적인 non-violent crimes
[어근] ⑴ non; 아님(不, 無, 非) ⑵ viol; 부상, 격노, injury ⑶ ent(ant); 형용사 어미
outlook [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] look
[본문] [21]In this 2014 interview with BBC World Service programme, outlook, he looks back on some of his earliest childhood memories:
[영영] Your outlook is your general attitude towards life.
[영한] ① (특정 개인/집단/문화가 가진 인생/세계에 대한) 관점, 세계관, 인생관 ② (앞날에 대한) 전망 ③ (특정 장소에서 바라다 보이는) 전망
[첫뜻] mental view or survey,
[유의어] prospect
<동사> …보다 용모[외모]가 뛰어나다, …을 위압하다.
[어근] ⑴ out; 이상의 ⑵ look; look
pamper [동사] [R; 5001+] [레마] pamper
[본문] [24]My sisters sometimes thought that our mother rather spoiled me, pampered me.
[영영] to treat (someone or something) very well; to give (someone or something) a lot of attention and care
[영한] 소중히 보살피다, 애지중지하다
[첫뜻] to cram with food, indulge with food
[활용] pampers, pampered, pampered, pampering
[유의어] cosset
[어원] pamperen(West Flemish), cram with food, overindulge
parade [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3946] [★] [레마] parade < pare
[본문] [35]…they handcuffed her, and they walked with her in the streets, she was paraded, and then when the court case was heard my wife was acquitted - but they had done what they wanted to do which was humiliate her, and in the process hit at me.
[영영] When people parade somewhere, they walk together in a formal group or a line, usually with other people watching them.
[영한] ① 퍼레이드[가두 행진]를 하다 ② (과시하듯) 걸어 다니다 ③ (공개하여) 보여주다, 전시하다 ④ 열병식을 하다[하게 하다] ⑤ …인 척하다[…로 통하다], …인 것처럼 보이게[…로 통하게] 만들다
[첫뜻] to marshal and array in military order,
[파생] parader, parade
<명사> ① 퍼레이드, 가두 행진 ② 열병식 ③ 일련(의 사람들사물들)
[어근] ⑴ par(pare); 준비, order ⑵ ade; 명사 어미
[어원] parare(Latin), [related to parire] make ready, prepare; furnish, provide, arrange, order; contrive, design, intend, resolve; procure, acquire, obtain, get; get with money, buy, purchase; to produce, bring forth(준비시키다, 준비하다, 제공하다, 공급하다, 마련하다, 지시하다, 성사시키다, 설계하다, 의도하다, 해결하다, 구[입수]하다, 획득하다, 얻다, 받다, 돈으로 받다, 사다, 구입하다, 생산하다, 가져오다)
precisely [부사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2602] [★★] [레마] precise < cide(자르다)
[본문] [26]Part of my own unhappiness was precisely that anyone could want to take advantage of such a gracious, gentle, generous person.
[영영] Precisely means accurately and exactly.
[영한] ① 바로, 꼭, 정확히 ② (틀리지 않고) 정확하게, 신중하게 ③ (무엇이 사실이거나 분명함을 강조할 때 씀) ④ (동의를 나타내어) 바로 그거예요[그렇고말고요]
[유의어] exactly
[어근] ⑴ pre; before ⑵ cise(cide); 끊다, to cut ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
racial [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2263] [★★] [레마] race
[본문] [6]Archbishop Tutu was one the leaders of the non-violent movement to end the system of racial segregation known as apartheid.
[영영] Racial describes things relating to people's race.
[첫뜻] relating, pertaining to, or characteristic of an ethnic race or race generally,
[파생] racial, racially, race
[어근] ⑴ race; 씨족, race ⑵ al; 형용사 어미
racially [부사] [R; 5001+] [레마] race
[본문] [33]He knew that returning to a racially segregated South Africa would be difficult for his family.
[영영] racial + ly
[영한] 인종[민족]간으로, 인종[민족]으로
[파생] racial, racially, race
[어근] ⑴ rac(race); 씨족, race ⑵ al; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
racist [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [레마] race
[본문] [55]Archbishop Desmond Tutu, a Nobel Peace Prize winner who helped end the racist regime in South Africa, died last year aged 90.
[영영] race + ist
[영한] 인종 차별주의자
[파생] racialist, racist, racism
[어근] ⑴ race; 달리기, race ⑵ race; 씨족, race
rebellious [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] rebel < bell-(전쟁)
[본문] [9]While other anti-apartheid leaders, like his close friend Nelson Mandela, were imprisoned or even killed, Archbishop Tutu was there at every step of the struggle - the rebellious priest speaking out against the injustices of apartheid.
[영영] If you think someone behaves in an unacceptable way and does not do what they are told, you can say they are rebellious.
[영한] ① (규칙/일반 통념 등에 대해) 반항적인 ② (국가/정부에) 반역[반대]하는, 반체제적인, (조직 내의 권위에) 저항[반대]하는
[파생] rebel, rebeldom, rebellike, rebellion, rebellious, rebelliously, rebelliousness
[어근] ⑴ re; opposite, against, again ⑵ belli(bel); 싸움, war, 전쟁 ⑶ ouse(ous); 형용사어미
reconciliation [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] reconcile < concil
[본문] [41]Archbishop Tutu describes the event as "near unforgivable" but, in fact, he did forgive the white police officers, and in 1991, at the end of apartheid, he started the Truth and reconciliation Commission as a way of healing divisions between black and white communities.
[영영] ① the act of causing two people or groups to become friendly again after an argument or disagreement
② the process of finding a way to make two different ideas, facts, etc., exist or be true at the same time
[영한] ① 화해 ② (두 가지 이상의 생각/요구 등을) 조화(시키는 과정)
[활용] [U]
[파생] reconcilement, reconciler, reconciliation, reconciliatory, reconcile
[어근] ⑴ re; 다시, 반대로, again ⑵ concile(concil); 모임, meeting ⑶ ation; 명사 어미
renew [동사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] renew < new
[본문] [34]In this interview with BBC World Service programme, Outlook, Archbishop Tutu remembers one terrifying incident involving his wife, Leah, who had gone to the Johannesburg traffic department to renew a car licence:
[활용] renewed, renewed, renewing, renews
[파생] renewability, renewable, renewably, renewal, renewer, renew
[유의어] resume(재개하다), reiterate(재차 강조하다), repeat(갱신하다)
[어근] ⑴ re; 다시 ⑵ new; new
segregated [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] segregate < greg
[본문] [33]He knew that returning to a racially segregated South Africa would be difficult for his family.
[영영] Segregated buildings or areas are kept for the use of one group of people who are the same race, sex, or religion, and no other group is allowed to use them.
[영한] ① 분리된, 격리된, 갈라진 ② 인종 차별의[을 하는] ③ 특수 인종[그룹]에 한정된
[어근] ⑴ se; 분리, apart ⑵ greg; 모으다, flock, herd ⑶ at(ate); 동사 어미 ⑷ ed; 형용사 어미
segregation [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] segregate < greg
[본문] [6]Archbishop Tutu was one the leaders of the non-violent movement to end the system of racial segregation known as apartheid.
[영영] the practice or policy of keeping people of different races, religions, etc., separate from each other
[영한] ① (인종/종교/성별에 따른) 분리[차별] (정책) ② 구분, 분리
[어근] ⑴ se; 분리, apart ⑵ greg; 모으다, flock, herd ⑶ at(ate); 동사 어미 ⑷ ion(ation); 명사 어미
slang [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] slang
[본문] [52]And finally, a toughie is a slang word to describe someone, like Archbishop Desmond Tutu or his wife, Leah, who is tough and determined.
[영영] Slang consists of words, expressions, and meanings that are informal and are used by people who know each other very well or who have the same interests.
[영한] 속어, 은어
[첫뜻] special vocabulary of tramps or thieves
[활용] [U]
[파생] slangily, slanginess, slangy, slang
<형용사> 속어의, 속어적인
[어원] unknown origin(Middle English), 어원 모름
spoil [동사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] spoil
[본문] [24]My sisters sometimes thought that our mother rather spoiled me, pampered me.
[영영] If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory.
[영한] ① 망치다, 버려 놓다, 못쓰게 만들다 ② (아이를) 응석받이로[버릇없게] 키우다 ③ (특별한 일로) 행복하게 하다 ④ (음식이) 상하다
[첫뜻] to strip (someone) of clothes, strip a slain enemy
[활용] spoiled spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiling, spoils
[파생] spoilable, spoilage, spoil
[유의어] go off(상하다), ruin(버려 놓다), overindulge(버릇없게 키우다)
<명사> ① (격식 또는 문예체) 약탈품, 전리품 ② 성과 ③ (광산발굴터 등에서 파낸) 폐석
[어원] spolium(Latin), arms taken from an enemy, booty; hide, skin stripped from a killed animal(적에게서 뺴았은 무기, 노획물; 가죽, 죽인 적으로부터 벗긴 피부)
stupid [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2725] [★★] [레마] stupid
[본문] [38]Police officers arrested and handcuffed Leah to humiliate her - make her feel ashamed and stupid.
[영영] If you say that someone or something is stupid, you mean that they show a lack of good judgment or intelligence and they are not at all sensible.
[영한] ① (행동판단 등이) 어리석은 ② (사람이) (우)둔한, 멍청한, 바보 같은 ③ (짜증이 나서 하는 말로) 빌어먹을
[첫뜻] mentally slow, lacking ordinary activity of mind, dull, inane,
[활용] 비교; stupid < stupider < stupidest
[파생] stupefy, stupidity, stupidly, stupidness, stupor, stupid
[유의어] foolish(어리석다), silly(어리석다), foolish(바보 같다), dull
<명사> 바보(보통 농담조로 상대방을 부르는 말)
[어근] ⑴ stup; 놀라움, wonder ⑵ id; 접미어
[어원] stupidus(Latin), [from stupere] amazed, confounded; dull, foolish, (literally) struck senseless
terrifying [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] terror
[본문] [34]In this interview with BBC World Service programme, Outlook, Archbishop Tutu remembers one terrifying incident involving his wife, Leah, who had gone to the Johannesburg traffic department to renew a car licence:
[영영] causing great fear
[영한] 겁나게 하는, 놀라게 하는, 무서운
[파생] terrifyingly, terrifying
[어근] ⑴ terr; 무서움, frighten ⑵ ify(fy); 동사 어미 ⑶ ing; 형용사 어미
toughie [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] tough
[본문] [36]I have to say that I found those actions near unforgivable, because I was the one who was out in the forefront... although Leah… she's a toughie!
[영영] ① a difficult problem or question
② a tough person; a strong person who is not afraid
[영한] ① 굳센[강인한] 사람 ② 아주 힘든 선택, 난제
[어근] ⑴ tough; 힘든, 어려운, tough ⑵ ie(y); 명사 어미
unfairly [부사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] fair
[본문] [30]What upset the young Desmond was how his mother was treated by some white South Africans who would take advantage of her - treat her unfairly for their own benefit.
[영한] 불공평하게, 편파적으로, 교활하게, 부정하게.
[파생] unfairly, unfairness, unfair
[어근] ⑴ un; not ⑵ fair; fair ⑶ ly; 부사어미
unforgivable [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] unforgivable
[본문] [36]I have to say that I found those actions near unforgivable, because I was the one who was out in the forefront... although Leah… she's a toughie!
[영한] 용서할 수 없는
[유의어] inexcusable
[반의어] forgivable
[구성단어] un + forgivable
unhappiness [명사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] unhappy < hap(기회)
[본문] [26]Part of my own unhappiness was precisely that anyone could want to take advantage of such a gracious, gentle, generous person.
[영한] 불행, 불운, 비참, 비애
[활용] [U]
[파생] unhappily, unhappiness, unhappy
[어근] ⑴ un; 접두어 ⑵ happ(hap); 우연한, chance ⑶ I(y); 형용사 어미 ⑷ ness; 성질, 상태, 정도
이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다
- 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
- 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다
https://blog.naver.com/softca/221610250801
본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 2000순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.
본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.
새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.
[BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Remembering Desmond Tutu에 수록된 영어단어 수는
- 고유명사를 제외하고 총 349개 입니다.
- 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 325개로 93%가 해당됩니다.
- 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 304개로 87%가 해당됩니다.
- Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 315개로 90%가 해당됩니다.
- 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 298개로 85%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.
이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함께 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다
6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다. 
