6 Minute English 영어단어공부 - Is being kind good for you? [BBC Learning English 강좌]

 

How do you feel when you are kind to someone? The benefits of kindness have been attracting the attention of psychologists in recent years. Neil and Sam open their hearts, talk about the topic and teach you related vocabulary.

[당신이 누군가에게 친절할 때에] 당신은 어떻게 느낍니까? 친절의 장점은 최근에. 심리학자의 괌심을 끌어 오고 있습니다. 닐과 샘이 그들의 마음을 열고, 주제에 대하여 말하고 그리고 당신에게 관련된 어휘를 가르칩니다.

이것은 이번 주제의 주요 내용입니다. 영어 단어를 공부할 때 스토리와 함께 공부하면 크게 도움이 됩니다. 다음은 이번 주에 수록된 주요 단어 목록들입니다.

 

 

chemical [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2640] [★★] [레마] chemical < chem(연금술의)
[본문] [33]But on a chemical level the brain doesn't agree!
[영영] Chemical means involving or resulting from a reaction between two or more substances, or relating to the substances that something consists of.
[영한] ① 화학의 ② 화학적인 (변화를 수반한)
[첫뜻] relating to chemistry, pertaining to the phenomena with which chemistry deals
[파생] chemical, chemically, chemist, chemistry
[유의어] chemic(화학이다)
<명사> 화학 물질
[어근] ⑴ chem; 화학, 연금술의 ⑵ ical(ic); 형용사 어미
[어원] alchimicus(Latin)

co-director [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] director
[본문] [40]She's co-director of a movement called Compassion in Politics and author of the book, We, written with the actor Gillian Anderson.
[영영] Someone who directs something together with one or more other people
[영한] 공동 디렉터
[구성단어] co + director

compassionate [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] passion < pati-(고통)
[본문] [42]compassionate leadership leads to inclusive, cooperative outcomes which lead to fairer societies, lower crime rates, higher levels of health and wellbeing.
[영영] If you describe someone or something as compassionate, you mean that they feel or show pity, sympathy, and understanding for people who are suffering.
[영한] 연민 어린, 동정하는
[첫뜻] characterized by compassion,
[파생] compassion, compassionate, compassionately, compassionateness, compassionless
<동사> 가엾게[측은히]여기다, 동정하다
[어근] ⑴ com; with, together, 함께 ⑵ pass(pati); suffer, feel ⑶ ion(ation); 명사어미 ⑷ ate; 동사어미

cooperative [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4290] [★] [레마] cooperate < oper(일[작업])
[본문] [42]Compassionate leadership leads to inclusive, cooperative outcomes which lead to fairer societies, lower crime rates, higher levels of health and wellbeing.
[영영] willing to cooperate; helpful
[영한] ① 협력[협동]하는 ② 협조하는 ③ (상업) 협동조합식의
[첫뜻] operating or striving jointly for the attaining of certain ends
[파생] cooperate, cooperation, cooperationist, co-operationist, cooperative, cooperatively, co-operatively, cooperativeness, co-operativeness, cooperator, co-operator
[반의어] uncooperative
<명사> 협동조합
[어근] ⑴ co(com); 함께, with ⑵ oper; 일하다 ⑶ ative; 형용사 어미

counter-intuitive [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] intuit < tuit
[본문] [28]What we know from the science is, and what can seem counter-intuitive because giving can cost something of ourselves, is that we can experience a sense of reward when we are kind to others… so like, when we eat a yummy food or have a pleasant surprise, the parts of our brain that help us remember these nice experiences and motivated us to do them again and again - they become active when we're kind.
[영영] (of an idea, proposal, etc) seemingly contrary to common sense
[영한] ① 직관에 반대되는 ② 반(反)직관적인, 직관에 어긋나는.
[어근] ⑴ in; into ⑵ tuit; look at, watch over ⑶ ive; 형용사 어미

courage [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3355] [★★] [레마] courage < core
[본문] [44]But in fact, the science behind compassion is that it actually takes courage to act with compassion.
[영한] 용기
[첫뜻] heart (as the seat of emotions); spirit, temperament, state or frame of mind
[활용] [U]
[파생] courage, courageous, encourage, encouragement, encourager, encouraging, encouragingly
[유의어] bravery
[어근] ⑴ cor(cord); heart ⑵ age; 상태의 명사어미

criticism [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2111] [★★] [레마] critic < crit(구분짓다)
[본문] [37]It's true that in many countries politics involves fierce debate and criticism of anyone who disagrees with you.
[영영] Criticism is the action of expressing disapproval of something or someone. A criticism is a statement that expresses disapproval.
[영한] ① (좋지 못한 점을 지적하는) 비판, 비난 ② 비평, 평론 (활동)
[첫뜻] action of criticizing; a critical remark
[활용] 복수형; criticisms
[파생] critic, critical, critically, criticisable, criticiser, criticisingly, criticism, criticizable, criticize, criticizer, criticizingly, crisis, criticise
[반의어] praise(비난)
[어근] ⑴ crit; 판단, 구분 ⑵ ic; …의, 와 같은(것) ⑶ ism; 이념,주의

 

 

dismiss [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2826] [★★] [레마] dismiss < mit(보내다)
[본문] [43]And yet we have this idea that compassion somehow doesn't belong, that it can be dismissed in the same way as women have been dismissed as something fluffy and a nice idea but not really practical.
[영영] If you dismiss something, you decide or say that it is not important enough for you to think about or consider.
[영한] ① (고려할 가치가 없다고) 묵살[일축]하다 ② (생각/느낌을) 떨쳐 버리다 ③ 해고하다 ④ (사람을) 보내다[물러가게 하다/해산시키다] ⑤ (보통 증거 불충분으로 재판/소송을) 기각하다 ⑥ (크리켓에서) (타자/팀을) 아웃시키다
[첫뜻] release from court restraint or legal charges
[활용] dismissed dismissed dismissing dismisses
[파생] dismiss, dismissal, dismissible, dismission, dismissive
[유의어] fire, sack, wave aside, scorn, put out, discount
<명사> (군사) 해산.
[어근] ⑴ dis; 하지 않기, 不, apart ⑵ miss(mit); 보내다

empathy [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] empathy < path-
[본문] [45]Jennifer wants politics to be based on compassion - a strong feeling of empathy with the suffering of others and a wish to help them.
[영영] Empathy is the ability to share another person's feelings and emotions as if they were your own.
[영한] 감정이입, 공감
[첫뜻] passion, state of emotion
[활용] [U]
[파생] empathist, empathy
[어근] ⑴ em(en); in(안,속) ⑵ pathy(path); feeling, 감정

fierce [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4531] [★] [레마] fierce
[본문] [37]It's true that in many countries politics involves fierce debate and criticism of anyone who disagrees with you.
[영영] A fierce animal or person is very aggressive or angry.
[영한] ① (특히 사람이나 동물이) 사나운, 험악한 ② (특히 행동/감정이) 격렬한, 맹렬한 ③ (기상 조건/기온이) 극심한, 맹렬한
[첫뜻] proud, noble, bold, haughty,
[어원] ferus(Latin), wild(거친)

fluffy [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] fluff
[본문] [43]And yet we have this idea that compassion somehow doesn't belong, that it can be dismissed in the same way as women have been dismissed as something fluffy and a nice idea but not really practical.
[영영] If you describe something such as a towel or a toy animal as fluffy, you mean that it is very soft.
[영한] ① 솜털의, 솜털로 뒤덮인 ② (음식이) 거품 같은 ③ 푹신해 보이는, 솜털 같은
[첫뜻] containing or resembling fluff,
[활용] 비교; fluffy < fluffier < fluffiest
[파생] fluffily, fluffiness, fluffy, fluff
[어근] ⑴ fluff; 보풀, fluff ⑵ y; 형용사 어미

giver [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] give
[본문] [31]But kindness is different: both the giver of kindness and the receiver experience what Dr Campbell-Meiklejohn calls a warm glow - an inner feeling of happiness.
[영한] 기부자, 증여자
[파생] givable, giveable, giver, give
[어근] ⑴ giv(give); give ⑵ er; 접미어

glow [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] glow
[본문] [29]And we call this feeling a warm glow.
[영영] A glow is a dull, steady light, for example the light produced by a fire when there are no flames.
[영한] ① (특히 불꽃이 나지 않는 불의 은은한) 불빛 ② (운동 때문이거나 행복감에 상기된 얼굴의) 홍조 ③ 단풍 ④ (기쁨만족감을 동반한 은근한) 감정
[활용] [U]
<동사> ① (특히 뜨거운 것이 계속 은은히) 빛나다, 타다 ② (사람의 신체나 얼굴이) 상기되다, 발갛다, 발개지다 ③ (기쁨만족감에 얼굴 등이) 빛나다[눈부시다]
[어원] glowan(Old English), to glow, shine as if red-hot

hug [동사] [Rank; 3895] [★★] [레마] hug
[본문] [21]a) giving someone a smile, b) giving someone a hug or c) giving someone your time to just listen?
[영영] When you hug someone, you put your arms around them and hold them tightly, for example because you like them or are pleased to see them. You can also say that two people hug each other or that they hug.
[영한] ① (사람을) 껴안다[포옹하다] ② (무엇을) 끌어안다 ③ (오솔길차량 등이 무엇에) 바짝 붙어 나 있다[가다] ④ (특히 사람의 몸에) 딱 들러붙다
[첫뜻] to embrace, clasp with the arms
[활용] hugged, hugged, hugging, hugs
[파생] huggable, hugger, hug
[유의어] embrace, cuddle
<명사> 껴안기, 포옹
[어원] hugga(Old Norse), to comfort

 

 

inclusive [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] include < clude
[본문] [42]Compassionate leadership leads to inclusive, cooperative outcomes which lead to fairer societies, lower crime rates, higher levels of health and wellbeing.
[영영] If a price is inclusive, it includes all the charges connected with the goods or services offered. If a price is inclusive of postage and packing, it includes the charge for this.
[영한] ① (가격에) 일체의 경비가 포함된[…이 포함된] ② from… to… inclusive (언급된 날짜/월/수 등을 다 포함하여) …부터 …까지 ③ 폭넓은, 포괄적인
[파생] includable, include, includible, inclusion, inclusive, inclusively, inclusiveness
[반의어] exclusive
[어근] ⑴ in; in ⑵ clus(clude); shut, close ⑶ ive; 형용사 어미

inner [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2472] [★★] [레마] inner
[본문] [31]But kindness is different: both the giver of kindness and the receiver experience what Dr Campbell-Meiklejohn calls a warm glow - an inner feeling of happiness.
[영영] The inner parts of something are the parts which are contained or are enclosed inside the other parts, and which are closest to the centre.
[영한] ① 내부[안쪽]의, 중심부 가까이의 ② (감정 등이) 내밀한, 내면의
[파생] innerly, innerness, inner
[유의어] Internal(내면이다)
[반의어] outer
<명사> ① 과녁의 내권 ② 내권 명중(탄)
[어근] inner(in); 안(內), in, on

kindness [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] kind < kin
[본문] [5]In this programme, we're discussing something we've heard a lot about during the pandemic - kindness.
[영영] Kindness is the quality of being gentle, caring, and helpful.
[영한] ① 친절, 다정함 ② 친절(한 행동)
[활용] 복수형; kindnesses
[파생] kindly, kindness, kind
[어근] ⑴ kind(kin); 혈연, family ⑵ ness; 성질, 상태, 정도

motivate [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3570] [★★] [레마] motive < move
[본문] [28]What we know from the science is, and what can seem counter-intuitive because giving can cost something of ourselves, is that we can experience a sense of reward when we are kind to others… so like, when we eat a yummy food or have a pleasant surprise, the parts of our brain that help us remember these nice experiences and motivated us to do them again and again - they become active when we're kind.
[영영] If you are motivated by something, especially an emotion, it causes you to behave in a particular way.
[영한] ① (행동 등의) 이유[원인]가 되다 ② (특히 열심히 노력하도록) 동기를 부여하다 ③ (자신의 진술에 대해) 이유를 말하다
[첫뜻] to stimulate toward action, act as the inciting cause of
[활용] motivated, motivated, motivating, motivates
[파생] motivate, motivated, motivational, motivator, motiveless, motivelessly, motivelessness, motivity, motivation, motive
[어근] ⑴ mot(mob); move ⑵ iv(ive); ~한 성질(명사어미) ⑶ ate; 동사 어미

mum [동사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] mum
[본문] [7]Hmmm, I gave my mum flowers last week.
[영한] ① 입을 다물다, 말하지 않다, 침묵을 요구하다 ② 무언극[가면극]을 하다 ③ (특히 크리스마스에) 가장하여 나다니다
[활용] mummed, mummed, mumming, mums
<명사> ① 엄마 ② 침묵 ③ 국화 <형용사> 잠자코 있는, 무언의
[어원] mummy(Middle English), mother(엄마)

nevertheless [부사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2605] [★★] [레마] never < ever
[본문] [32]nevertheless, for some people giving something away equals losing it, so for them being kind seems counter-intuitive - opposite to the way you expect things should happen.
[영영] You use nevertheless when saying something that contrasts with what has just been said.
[영한] 그렇기는 하지만, 그럼에도 불구하고 유의어 nonetheless
[첫뜻] notwithstanding,
[유의어] nonetheless, yet
<접속사> 그럼에도 불구하고, 역시, 그렇지만
[어근] ⑴ n(no); 아님, no, not ⑵ ever; ever ⑶ the; the ⑷ less; less

pleasant [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3810] [★★] [레마] please < plea
[본문] [28]What we know from the science is, and what can seem counter-intuitive because giving can cost something of ourselves, is that we can experience a sense of reward when we are kind to others… so like, when we eat a yummy food or have a pleasant surprise, the parts of our brain that help us remember these nice experiences and motivated us to do them again and again - they become active when we're kind.
[영영] Something that is pleasant is nice, enjoyable, or attractive.
[첫뜻] pleasing or acceptable to God;
[파생] pleasable, pleasant, pleasantly, pleasantness, please, pleased, pleasedly, pleaser, pleasure, pleasureful, pleasureless
[반의어] unpleasant
[어근] ⑴ pleas(plac); 기쁨, calm ⑵ ant; 형용사 어미
[어원] placere(Latin), to please, give pleasure, be approved

 

pleasurable [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] please < plea
[본문] [34]For our brain, being kind feels as good as any other pleasurable activity, for example eating something yummy - something delicious which tastes good.
[영영] Pleasurable experiences or sensations are pleasant and enjoyable.
[파생] pleasurableness, pleasurably, pleasurable
[유의어] enjoyable
[어근] ⑴ pleas(plac); 기쁨, calm ⑵ ur(ure); 명사 어미 ⑶ able; 형용사 어미

random [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3656] [★★] [레마] random
[본문] [13]It reminds me of something called a random act of kindness.
[영영] A random sample or method is one in which all the people or things involved have an equal chance of being chosen.
[영한] 무작위의, 닥치는 대로[임의로/마구잡이로] 하는
[첫뜻] having no definite aim or purpose
[파생] randomly, randomness, random
[어원] randon(French), [from randir] rush, disorder, force, impetuosity

receiver [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3432] [★] [레마] receive < capt(잡다)
[본문] [31]But kindness is different: both the giver of kindness and the receiver experience what Dr Campbell-Meiklejohn calls a warm glow - an inner feeling of happiness.
[영영] A telephone's receiver is the part that you hold near to your ear and speak into.
[유의어] telephone
[어근] ⑴ re; back ⑵ ceiv(capt); to take ⑶ er; 명사 어미

reward [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3420] [★★] [레마] reward
[본문] [28]What we know from the science is, and what can seem counter-intuitive because giving can cost something of ourselves, is that we can experience a sense of reward when we are kind to others… so like, when we eat a yummy food or have a pleasant surprise, the parts of our brain that help us remember these nice experiences and motivated us to do them again and again - they become active when we're kind.
[영영] A reward is something that you are given, for example because you have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community.
[영한] ① 보상 ② 현상금, 보상금, 사례금
[첫뜻] what one deserves, just desserts
[파생] rewardable, rewarder, rewardless, reward
<동사> 보상[보답/사례]하다
[어근] ⑴ re; 다시, 반대로, again ⑵ ward; 보호, guard
[어원] rewarder(French), [re-+warder] to regard, reward

ruthless [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] ruth
[본문] [36]But what about the ruthless world of business or politics - surely there's no place for kindness there?
[영영] If you say that someone is ruthless, you mean that you disapprove of them because they are very harsh or cruel, and will do anything that is necessary to achieve what they want.
[영한] (사람/행동이) 무자비한, 가차 없는, 인정사정없는
[파생] ruth, ruthlessly, ruthlessness, ruthless
[어근] ⑴ ruth; ruth ⑵ less; …이 없는, without
[어원] reutheles(Middle English), [reuthe+-less] pitiless, merciless, devoid of compassion

scientifically [부사] [R; 5001+] [레마] science < sci
[본문] [12]It's something that psychologists are starting to prove scientifically but that most of us knew all along: we feel just as good being kind to someone else as when someone is kind to us.
[영한] 과학적으로, 과학적 원리에 따라.
[파생] science, scientific, scientifically
[어근] ⑴ sci; science ⑵ ent(ant); 형용사 어미 ⑶ I(y); 접미어 ⑷ fic; 만들다, 하다 ⑸ al; 형용사 어미 ⑹ y(ly); 부사어미

sympathy [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 4312] [★★] [레마] sympathy < path-
[본문] [62]Compassion is a feeling of sympathy for the suffering of others and a wish to help them.
[영영] If you have sympathy for someone who is in a bad situation, you are sorry for them, and show this in the way you behave towards them.
[영한] ① 동정, 연민 ② 동조, 지지, 동의 ③ 공감
[활용] 복수형; sympathies
[파생] sympathetic, sympathetically, sympathiser, sympathize, sympathizer, sympathy
[어근] ⑴ sym(syn); together ⑵ path; feeling

wellbeing [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] being < be
[본문] [42]Compassionate leadership leads to inclusive, cooperative outcomes which lead to fairer societies, lower crime rates, higher levels of health and wellbeing.
[영영] Someone's well-being is their health and happiness.
[영한] (건강과) 행복, 웰빙
[활용] [U]
[구성단어] well + being

woolly [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] wool
[본문] [46]She says kindness is sometimes dismissed as fluffy - soft and woolly, something not considered serious or important.
[영영] Something that is woolly is made of wool or looks like wool.
[영한] ① 털이 뒤덮인, 털북숭이의 ② 털실로 만든[짠], 양모 같은 ③ (사람들이나 그들의 생각이) 분명하지 않은
[첫뜻] resembling or made of wool,
[활용] 비교; woolly < woollier < woolliest
[파생] wool, woolen, woollen, woollily, woolliness, woolly
[유의어] woollen, confused, woollen
<명사> ① (구식이 되어감) (특히 뜨개질한) 모직 옷 ② (호주 영어, 뉴질랜드 영어) 양
[어근] ⑴ wooll(wool); 양모, wool ⑵ y; 명사 어미

 

 

yummy [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] yummy
[본문] [28]What we know from the science is, and what can seem counter-intuitive because giving can cost something of ourselves, is that we can experience a sense of reward when we are kind to others… so like, when we eat a yummy food or have a pleasant surprise, the parts of our brain that help us remember these nice experiences and motivated us to do them again and again - they become active when we're kind.
[영영] Yummy food tastes very good.
[영한] 아주 맛있는
[활용] 비교; yummy < yummier < yummiest
[유의어] delicious
[어원] yum(English)

 

T2022_03_03__kind_01_단어.pdf

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이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다

• 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
• 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.

새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다

https://blog.naver.com/softca/221610250801

 

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본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 2000순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.

본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.

오디오 듣기

새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.

[BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Is being kind good for you?에 수록된 영어단어 수는

• 고유명사를 제외하고 총 365개 입니다.
• 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 352개로 96%가 해당됩니다.
• 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 339개로 92%가 해당됩니다.
• Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 345개로 94%가 해당됩니다.
• 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 330개로 90%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.

이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함께 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다

6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다.