6 Minute English; Working for free - 영어 단어 공부 | BBC Learning English)

6 Minute English; Working for free - 영어 단어 공부 
BBC Learning English)

M2019_10_17_WorkFree_어휘공부T.pdf

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6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다.



Some companies offer students or recent graduates what they call internships. These are extended periods of work experience where someone can be working full-time without an actual contract and in many cases without even being paid. But does this mean some people on lower incomes can't afford to take up the opportunities it offers? We discuss the pros and cons of working for free.

새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다. [BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Working for free에 수록된 영어단어 수는

• 고유명사를 제외하고 총 360개 입니다.
• 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 291개로 81%가 해당됩니다.
• 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 300개로 83%가 해당됩니다.
• Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 310개로 86%가 해당됩니다.
• 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 278개로 77%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.

이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함꼐 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다

이글에 수록하는 영어단어의 선정 기준은 WordFrequency 사이트 기준으로 순위 1,500위 이상의 영어단어입니다.

본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.

오디오 듣기

이 블로그에는 [6 Minute English]에 관해 다음과 같은 글들이 매주 포스팅 됩니다

• 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘 중 사용빈도 1,500등 이하의 어휘) 이 글입니다
• 독해공부(대본의 독해 및 문법 강해) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 구동사와 숙어(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사와 영어 숙어 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
• 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.

a bit [부사]
[본문] This is a bit of a problem, isn't it?
[영한] ⒨ ([부사적으로]) 조금, 다소, 약간
[구성단어] a + bit

a little more [부사]
[본문] Well, we'll look at this topic a little more after this week's quiz question.
[영한] ⒨ 조금 더
[구성단어] a + little + more

a sort of [형용사]
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영한] ⒨ 일종의 ~[~ 같은 것]
[구성단어] a + sort + of

access to [명사]
[본문] To open doors is an expression that means to get access to.
[영한] ⒨ ~에의 접근
[구성단어] access + to

accuse [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2041] [★★] [레마] accuse
[본문] Some companies are being accused of using students and graduates as cheap or free labour.
[영영] If you accuse someone of doing something wrong or dishonest, you say or tell them that you believe that they did it.
[영한] ⒨ 고발[기소/비난]하다, 혐의를 제기하다
[활용] accused, accused, accusing, accuses
[파생] accusation, accusatory, accuse, accuser, accusing, accusingly
[어근] ⑴ ac(ad); to ⑵ cuse(caus); a cause; a lawsuit

afford [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1860] [★★] [레마] afford
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영영] If you cannot afford something, you do not have enough money to pay for it.
[영한] ⒨ ① (…을 살/할/금전적/시간적) 여유[형편]가 되다 ② …하면 안 되다 ③ 제공하다
[활용] afforded, afforded, affording, affords
[파생] affordability, affordable, afford

appeal [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1866] [★★] [레마] peal
[본문] No, I can barely afford to live in London as it is, so the idea of doing an unpaid internship would not appeal to me at all.
[영영] An appeal is a serious and urgent request.
[영한] ⒨ ① 항소(抗訴), 상고(上告) ② 매력 ③ (특히 자선단체나 경찰의) 호소, 간청, 애원 ④ (양심에 대한) 호소
[첫뜻] proceeding taken to reverse a decision by submitting it to the review of a higher authority
[활용] (복수형; appeals
[파생] appealable, appealer, appeal
[어근] ap(ad)
<동사> ① 항소[상고]하다 ② 관심[흥미]을 끌다, 매력적이다 ③ 호소하다, 간청하다

as it is [부사]
[본문] No, I can barely afford to live in London as it is, so the idea of doing an unpaid internship would not appeal to me at all.
[영영] 1.as the situation is at the moment (often in contrast to what was expected)
[영한] ⒨ ① 현 상황에서는[지금 실정으로는] ② (지금)그대로, 현재 상태로
[구성단어] as + it + is

at all [부사] [★★]
[본문] No, I can barely afford to live in London as it is, so the idea of doing an unpaid internship would not appeal to me at all.
[영한] ⒞ 전혀 ⒨ ① 조금도 (…아니다), 뭘요, 천만에 ② 조금이라도, 도대체, 이왕이면 ③ 이왕, 적어도 ④ 전혀 ⑤ 어쨌든
[구성단어] at + all

barely [부사] [Ranking; 1987] [★] [레마] bare
[본문] No, I can barely afford to live in London as it is, so the idea of doing an unpaid internship would not appeal to me at all.
[영영] You use barely to say that something is only just true or only just the case.
[영한] ⒨ ① 간신히, 가까스로, 빠듯하게 ② 거의 …아니게[없이] ③ 꼭, 겨우 ④ 거의 …하자마자
[파생] barely, bareness, bare

CEO [명사] [Ranking; 2510] [★★] [레마] CEO
[본문] And also if your family is well-connected, if it has good connections, for example if your father plays golf with the CEO, it can open doors, or in other words, it can make it easier to get into the company.
[영영] CEO is an abbreviation for chief executive officer.
[영한] ⒨ 최고 경영자, 시이오
[유의어] chief executive officer(최고 경영자)

charity [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3314] [★★] [레마] charity
[본문] James Turner is the chief executive of an education charity.
[영영] A charity is an organization which raises money in order to help people who are ill, disabled, or very poor.
[영한] ⒨ ① 자선[구호] 단체 ② 자선 ③ 너그러움, 관용 ⒪ 자선
[첫뜻] benevolence for the poor; Christian love in its highest manifestation
[활용] 복수형; charities

cheap [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1944] [★★] [레마] cheap
[본문] Some companies are being accused of using students and graduates as cheap or free labour.
[영영] Goods or services that are cheap cost less money than usual or than you expected.
[영한] ⒨ ① (값이) 싼, 돈이 적게 드는 ② (요금이) 싼 ③ 값싼, 싸구려의 ④ 천박한, 저질스러운 ⑤ 하찮은
[활용] 비교; cheap < cheaper < cheapest
[파생] cheapen, cheapish, cheapishly, cheaply, cheapness, cheap
[유의어] inexpensive
[반의어] expensive
<부사> 싸게

chief executive [명사]
[본문] James Turner is the chief executive of an education charity.
[영영] the person with overall responsibility for the efficient running of a company, organization, etc
[영한] ⒨ ① (회사나 조직의) 최고위자[최고 책임자] ② 미국 대통령
[구성단어] chief + executive

clue [명사] [Ranking; 3359] [★] [레마] clue
[본문] Haven't a clue!
[영한] ⒨ ① (범행의) 단서 ② (문제 해결의) 실마리[증거] ③ (십자말풀이문제 등의) 힌트
[첫뜻] anything that guides or directs in an intricate case
[활용] 복수형; clues
<동사> ① …에게 (해결의) 실마리를 주다 ② …에게 정보를 주다

counter [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2851] [★★] [레마] counter
[본문] Yes, although the counter argument is that internships are valuable experience for people who need it before they can get a 'real' job.
[영영] ① In a place such as a shop or caf? a counter is a long narrow table or flat surface at which customers are served.
② Something that is a counter to something else has an opposite effect to it or makes it less effective.
③ A counter is a mechanical or electronic device which keeps a count of something and displays the total.
[영한] ⒨ ① 계산대, 판매대 ② (특히 美) 상호참조 worktop ③ (일부 보드 게임에서 쓰는) 패[카운터] ④ (전자) 계측기 ⑤ (남의 생각입장 등에 대한) 반작용[반대]
[첫뜻] ② one who counts or reckons, an accountant, a local tax official ③ that which is counter or opposite
[활용] 복수형; counters
<동사> ① 반박[논박]하다 ② (무엇의 악영향에) 대응하다 <부사> ~의 반대 방향에서, ~과 반대로

effectively [부사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2587] [★★] [레마] effect
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영영] You use effectively with a statement or opinion to indicate that it is not accurate in every detail, but that you feel it is a reasonable description or summary of a particular situation.
[영한] ⒨ ① 효과적으로 ② 실질적으로, 사실상
[파생] effect, effective, effectively, effectiveness, effectivity
[어근] ⑴ ef(ex); out ⑵ fect(fac); to make, to do ⑶ ive; 형용사어미 ⑷ ly; 부사어미
[반의어] ineffectively

established [형용사] [★] [레마] establish
[본문] Too often internships are open to those with established connections in the professions and again that rules out those young people who don't have the well-connected families or friends who can open those doors for them.
[영영] If you use established to describe something such as an organization, you mean that it is officially recognized or generally approved of because it has existed for a long time.
[영한] ⒨ ① 인정받는, 확실히 자리를 잡은 ② (사람이) 저명한, 존경받는 ③ (교회나 종교가) 국교의
[어근] ⑴ e; 발음의 편의성 ⑵ state; 상태 ⑶ ish; 형용사어미 ⑷ ed; 과거분사 어미

established connections [명사]
[본문] Too often internships are open to those with established connections in the professions and again that rules out those young people who don't have the well-connected families or friends who can open those doors for them.
[영한] ⒨ 구축된 연결망
[구성단어] established + connections

exchange [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1522] [★★] [레마] change
[본문] On the topic of business and companies, which is the oldest stock exchange in the world?
[영한] ⒨ ① 교환, 주고받음, 맞바꿈 ② 얘기를 나눔, 대화, 말싸움, 언쟁 ③ 환전 ④ 교환 방문[근무] ⑤ (특정 상품의) 거래소
[첫뜻] act of reciprocal giving and receiving
[활용] 복수형; exchanges
[파생] exchangeability, exchangeable, exchangeably, exchange
[어근] ⑴ ex; out ⑵ change; barter, exchange
<동사> ① (동일한 종류의 것을) 교환하다[주고받다/나누다] ② (다른 것과) 교환하다[맞바꾸다] ③ (주택토지 매매) 계약을 체결하다, 계약하다

exclude [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3500] [★★] [레마] exclude
[본문] This excludes, or rules out a lot of people from the benefits of an internship.
[영영] If you exclude someone from a place or activity, you prevent them from entering it or taking part in it.
[영한] ⒨ ① 제외[배제]하다 ② (가입/출입을) 거부[차단]하다 ③ (가능성을) 배제[제외]하다
[첫뜻] keep out, shut out, hinder
[활용] excluded, excluded, excluding, excludes
[파생] excludable, excluder, excludible, exclusion, exclusionary, exclusionist, exclusive, exclude
[어근] ⑴ ex; out ⑵ clude; shut
[유의어] rule out
[반의어] include(제외하다)

expression [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1542] [★★] [레마] express
[본문] To open doors is an expression that means to get access to.
[영영] The expression of ideas or feelings is the showing of them through words, actions, or artistic activities.
[영한] ⒨ ① 표현, 표출 ② 표정 ③ 표현 (어구) ④ (연주/연기 등에서의) 감정 표현 ⑤ 수식, 식 ⒪ 표정
[첫뜻] action of pressing out; action of manifesting a feeling
[활용] 복수형; expressions
[파생] express, expresser, expressible, expression, expressional, expressionless, expressionlessly, expressive, expressly
[어근] ⑴ ex; out ⑵ press; to press, push ⑶ ion(ation); 명사어미
[유의어] look, statement, token

extra [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1552] [★★] [레마] extra
[본문] Congratulations to everyone who go that right, and extra bonus points if you know the date.
[영영] ① You use extra to describe an amount, person, or thing that is added to others of the same kind, or that can be added to others of the same kind.
② If something is extra, you have to pay more money for it in addition to what you are already paying for something.
[영한] ⒨ 추가의, 가외의
[어근] extra
[유의어] additional
<명사> ① 추가되는 것 ② 엑스트라, 단역 배우 <부사> ① 추가로, (보통 때나 예상치보다) 더 ② 각별히, 특별히

for example [부사] [레마] example
[본문] This means they have some pre-existing link with the company, for example, through family or friends' families.
[영한] ⒨ 예를 들어
[구성단어] for + example

full-time [형용사] [Ranking; 3971] [★★] [레마] full-time
[본문] These are extended periods of work experience where someone can be working full-time without an actual contract and in many cases without even being paid.
[영영] Full-time work or study involves working or studying for the whole of each normal working week rather than for part of it.
[영한] ⒨ (약어:FT) 풀타임의(부분적으로가 아니라 정상적인 시간 동안 근무나 공부를 하는)
[구성단어] full + time
<명사> (축구 경기 등)경기 종료 <부사> 풀타임으로

get into [동사] [Oxford3000] [★★]
[본문] And also if your family is well-connected, if it has good connections, for example if your father plays golf with the CEO, it can open doors, or in other words, it can make it easier to get into the company.
[영영] ① to put on a piece of clothing, especially with difficulty
② to start a career in a particular profession
③ ( get into doing something) to become involved in an activity; to start something
[영한] ⒨ ① (특히 어렵게) ~을 입다[신다/쓰다] ② (특정한 전문직종에) 들어가다 ③ ~을 (시작)하게 되다 ④ (특정한 습관을) 들이다 ⑤ ~에 흥미를 갖게 되다[맛이 들다]
[구성단어] get + into

get on [동사] [Oxford3000]
[본문] So the system would seem to be difficult for poorer families and make it more difficult for students without those resources or connections to get on the job ladder.
[영영] ① ( get along) (BrE) (with somebody/together) to have a friendly relationship with somebody
② (with something) to start an activity or continue doing something, especially after an interruption
③ (in something) to be successful in your career
[영한] ⒨ ① (안부 등에 대해 묻거나 답하는 말에서) 하다[지내다] ② (사회생활 등에서) 성공하다 ③ 꾸려 나가다 ④ 에게 불리한 정보를 입수하다, …의 약점을 쥐다
[구성단어] get + on
[유의어] fare

go for [동사]
[본문] I went for Amsterdam.
[영한] ⒨ ① ~을 택하다 ② 힘을 내다[쏟다] ③ ~에 해당되다 ④ ~을 데리러[가지러] 가다 ⑤ ~을 좋아[선호]하다
[구성단어] go + for
[유의어] like, prefer, favor, attack, try for

go right [동사]
[본문] Congratulations to everyone who go that right, and extra bonus points if you know the date.
[영한] ⒨ 잘되다
[구성단어] go + right

graduate [명사] [Ranking; 2133] [★★] [레마] graduate
[본문] Some companies offer students or recent graduates what they call internships.
[영영] In Britain, a graduate is a person who has successfully completed a degree at a university or college and has received a certificate that shows this.
[영한] ⒨ ① 대학 졸업자 ② (특정 학교에서 학업을 마친) 졸업자
[활용] 복수형; graduates
[파생] graduation, graduator, graduate
[어근] ⑴ gradu(gress); degree, step ⑵ ate; 동사어미
<동사> ① (특히 대학을) 졸업하다, (학사) 학위를 받다 ② (특히 고등학교에서) 학업을 마치다[졸업하다] ③ 학위[수료증]를 수여하다, 졸업시키다 <형용사> 대학 졸업생의, 학사 학위를 받은, (대학의) 졸업생을 위한, 대학원의

have a look at [동사]
[본문] Right, let's have a look again at today's vocabulary.
[영한] ⒨ …을 한 번 슬쩍 보다[일별하다]
[구성단어] have + a + look + at
[유의어] get a look at(한 번 슬쩍 보다), take a look at(한 번 슬쩍 보다), throw a look at(한 번 슬쩍 보다)

in particular [부사]
[본문] We've been talking about internships which are periods of work at companies as a way for students or new graduates to get experience in a particular field.
[영한] ⒨ ① 특히[특별히] ② 특별한
[구성단어] in + particular

internship [명사] [레마] intern
[본문] In many careers we're now seeing that it's almost as an expectation that a young person does an internship before they stand a chance of getting that first full-time job in that profession.
[영한] ⒨ ① 인턴사원 근무 (기간) ② 인턴직, 수련의직
[활용] 복수형; internships
[어근] ⑴ intern; inward, within ⑵ ship; ~의 상태(명사어미)

labour [명사] [Oxford3000] [★★] [BRIT][AM→labor] [레마] labour
[본문] Some companies are being accused of using students and graduates as cheap or free labour.
[영영] Labour is very hard work, usually physical work.
[영한] ⒨ ① (특히 육체적인) 노동[작업] ② 업무 (기간) ③ (한 회사국가의) 노동력 ④ (분만 시의) 산고[진통] (시간), 분만 (과정) ⑤ (영국의) 노동당
[첫뜻] a task, a project
[활용] 복수형; labours
[파생] laboringly, labouringly, labor, labour
[어근] labour(labor); toil, trouble
<동사> ① 애를 쓰다, 고투를 하다 ② (육체적인) 노동을 하다[일을 하다] ③ 힘겹게 움직이다 labor [명사] [Ranking; 1158] [AM][BRIT→labour]
[본문] Some companies are being accused of using students and graduates as cheap or free labour.
[영영] Labour is very hard work, usually physical work. → see also hard labour
[영한] ⒨ ① (특히 육체적인) 노동[작업] ② 업무 (기간) ③ (한 회사국가의) 노동력 ④ (분만 시의) 산고[진통] (시간), 분만 (과정) ⑤ (영국의) 노동당
[활용] 복수형; Labors
[파생] laboringly, labouringly, labor, labour
[어근] ⑴ labor ⑵ or; 접미어
<동사> ① 애를 쓰다, 고투를 하다 ② (육체적인) 노동을 하다[일을 하다] ③ 힘겹게 움직이다

ladder [명사] [Ranking; 4556] [★★] [레마] ladder
[본문] So the system would seem to be difficult for poorer families and make it more difficult for students without those resources or connections to get on the job ladder.
[영영] A ladder is a piece of equipment used for climbing up something or down from something. It consists of two long pieces of wood, metal, or rope with steps fixed between them.
[영한] ⒨ ① 사다리, 사닥다리 ② (조직활동 분야 등에서 성공하기 위해 밟고 올라가는) 단계[사다리] ③ (스타킹타이츠의) 올이 풀린 곳 ④ 사다리식 토너먼트 경기
<동사> (스타킹타이츠가[에]) 올이 풀리다[풀리게 하다]

link [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1743] [★★] [레마] link
[본문] Yes, it's a lot easier if your family is well-connected, if it has a lot of contacts and links to a particular company or important people in that company.
[영영] If there is a link between two things or situations, there is a relationship between them, for example because one thing causes or affects the other.
[영한] ⒨ ① (사람사물 사이의) 관련(성)[관계] ② (사람국가조직 사이의) 관계[유대] ③ (교통통신) 연결 (수단) ④ (컴퓨터) 링크 ⑤ (사슬의 연결) 고리
[활용] 복수형; links
[파생] enlink, linkable, linkage
<동사> ① 연결[접속]하다 ② 관련되다, 관련짓다 ③ 관련이 있다고 말하다, 관련[연결]시키다

look at [동사] [Oxford3000]
[본문] Well, we'll look at this topic a little more after this week's quiz question.
[영한] ⒨ ① ~을 (자세히) 살피다[검토/진찰하다] ② ~에 대해 생각[고려/검토]하다 ③ (특정한 방식으로) ~을 보다[고려하다] ④ …을 보다[살피다]
[구성단어] look + at
[유의어] examine(살피다)

make it to [동사]
[본문] Same here - but we still made it to BBC Learning English and you can find more from us online, on social media and on our app.
[영한] ⒨ ~에 이르다, 도착하다
[구성단어] make + it + to

mobility [명사] [★] [레마] mobile
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영한] ⒨ ① (사회적) 유동성 ② 이동성, 기동성
[활용] uncountable noun
[파생] mobile, mobilisable, mobilisation, mobility, mobilizable, mobilization, mobilize, mobilizer
[어근] ⑴ mob; move ⑵ il(ile); 형용사어미 ⑶ ity; 명사어미

nothing more than [형용사]
[본문] I think I may have done a day or two at some companies, just shadowing, watching how they did things - but nothing much more than that.
[영영] 1.only
[영한] ⒨ ① ~에 불과한 ② …에 지나지 않는
[구성단어] nothing + more + than
[유의어] neither more nor less than(불과하다)

open doors [동사]
[본문] Too often internships are open to those with established connections in the professions and again that rules out those young people who don't have the well-connected families or friends who can open those doors for them.
[영한] ⒞ 길을 열어 주다[성공할 기회를 마련해 주다] ⒨ 길을 열어 주다[성공할 기회를 마련해 주다]
[구성단어] open + doors

pre-existing [형용사] [레마] exist
[본문] This means they have some pre-existing link with the company, for example, through family or friends' families.
[영영] ADJ] A pre-existing situation or thing exists already or existed before something else.
[영한] ⒨ 기존의, 이미 있던

problematic [형용사] [레마] problem
[본문] Turner goes on to talk about other issues that are also problematic in internship programmes.
[영영] Something that is problematic involves problems and difficulties.
[영한] ⒨ 문제가 있는[많은]
[첫뜻] doubtful, questionable
[파생] problematic, problematically, problem
[어근] ⑴ pro; forward ⑵ blem(bol); throw ⑶ atic; ~성의(형용사어미)
[반의어] unproblematic(문제가 있다)

profession [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2909] [★★] [레마] profess
[본문] Too often internships are open to those with established connections in the professions and again that rules out those young people who don't have the well-connected families or friends who can open those doors for them.
[영영] A profession is a type of job that requires advanced education or training.
[영한] ⒨ ① (특히 많은 교육이 필요한 전문적인) 직업[직종] ② (특정 직종) 종사자들, -계(界) ③ (의사/변호사 같은 전통적인) 전문직 ④ 공언, 천명 ⑤ 신앙고백 , 고백한 신앙(professed faith) , 종문 (宗門)에 들어가는 서약[선언]. ⒪ 신앙고백 , 고백한 신앙(professed faith) , 종문 (宗門)에 들어가는 서약[선언].
[활용] 복수형; professions
[파생] profess, professional, professionally, profession
[어근] ⑴ pro; before ⑵ fess; avow,맹세 ⑶ ion(ation); 접미어
[유의어] declaration (공언)

proportion [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3088] [★★] [레마] proportion
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영영] A proportion of a group or an amount is a part of it.
[영한] ⒨ ① (전체의) 부분, (전체에서 차지하는) 비율 ② (다른 것과 규모/양 등을 대조한) 비[비율] ③ (사물과 사물/부분과 전체 간의 규모/정도/중요성 등의 측면에서 본) 균형 ④ 크기, 규모 ⑤ 비례
[첫뜻] due relation of one part to another; size, extent; compartative relation in size, degree, number, etc.
[활용] 복수형; proportions
[파생] proportionability, proportionable, proportionably, proportional, proportionate, proportionment, proportion
[어근] ⑴ pro; before ⑵ portion; part, share
<동사> ① 균형 잡히게 하다, 적당한 비율로 조절하다, 조화시키다 ② 할당하다, 배당하다

refer to [동사] [Oxford3000] [★★]
[본문] This refers to previous or pre-existing links with a company.
[영영] ① (as something) to mention or talk about somebody/something
② to describe or be connected to somebody/something
③ to send somebody/something to a different place or person in order to get help, advice or a decision
[영한] ⒨ ① ~을 나타내다[~와 관련 있다] ② (정보를 알아내기 위해) …을 보다[… 에게 문의하다] ③ (도움/조언/결정을 받을 수 있도록) ~을 ~에게 보내다[~에게 ~을 ④ (… 에 대해) 언급하다[거론하다/들먹이다/말하다] ⑤ …에 돌리다, 회부하다, 언급[지칭]하다, …에 조회하다, …에 적용되다.
[구성단어] refer + to
[유의어] look, consult, attribute, mention

rule out [동사] [Oxford3000] [★★]
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영영] ① to dismiss from consideration
② if somebody rules somebody else out, they decide that it is not possible for them to have done something or to do something, or that they are not suitable for something
③ if something rules somebody out, it makes it impossible for somebody to have done something or to do something, or makes them not suitable for something
[영한] ⒨ ① (가능하거나 적절하지 않다고) ~을 배제하다 ② (…하지 못하도록) ~을 제외시키다
[구성단어] rule + out
[유의어] exclude

shadow [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1678] [★★] [레마] shadow
[본문] I think I may have done a day or two at some companies, just shadowing, watching how they did things - but nothing much more than that.
[영영] If something shadows a thing or place, it covers it with a shadow.
[영한] ⒨ ① (흔히 비밀리에) 그림자처럼 따라다니다, 미행하다 ② (누군가로부터 무엇을 배우기 위해) 함께 하다[지내다] ③ 그늘을 드리우다
[활용] shadowed, shadowed, shadowing, shadows
[파생] shadower, shadowless, shadowlike, shadowy, shadow
<명사> ① 그림자 ② 어둠, 그늘(특히 그 안에 있는 사람이나 사물이 잘 보이지 않음을 나타낼 때 씀) ③ (~의) 희미한 흔적, 일말[추호](의 ~) <형용사> (정치) 그림자[제1야당] 내각의

social mobility [명사]
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영한] ⒨ (사회) 사회적 유동[이동]성(주소/직업 계층 등의 이동).
[구성단어] social + mobility

sort of [부사]
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영한] ⒨ ① 어느 정도[다소] ② 뭐랄까(적절한 말이 생각나지 않을 때 쓰는 말)
[구성단어] sort + of

stand a chance [동사]
[본문] In many careers we're now seeing that it's almost as an expectation that a young person does an internship before they stand a chance of getting that first full-time job in that profession.
[영영] 1.(not) have a chance (of doing something)
[영한] ⒨ (~을 할) 가능성이 있다
[구성단어] stand + a + chance

substantial [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2567] [★★] [레마] substance
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영영] Substantial means large in amount or degree.
[영한] ⒨ ① (양/가치/중요성이) 상당한 ② 크고 튼튼한, 단단히 지은
[첫뜻] ample, sizeable
[파생] substance, substanceless, substantial, substantialism, substantialist, substantiality, substantially, substantialness, substantiate, substantive
[어근] ⑴ sub; up to, under ⑵ st(state); to stand ⑶ ant; 형용사어미 ⑷ ial(al); 형용사어미
[유의어] considerable(상당하다)
<명사> 실체[실질]적인 것, 실질적[중요한] 가치가 있는 것, 본질, 요점, 식사 중의 주요리

take guess [동사]
[본문] I'm going to take a guess then at Amsterdam.
[영한] ⒨ 추측하다
[구성단어] take + guess

take part in [동사]
[본문] Recently he took part in a discussion on the BBC radio programme You and Yours, on the topic of internships.
[영한] ⒨ …에 참여[참가]하다, 가담하다, 협력하다
[구성단어] take + part + in

unpaid [형용사] [레마] pay
[본문] What does he think is a big issue with unpaid internships?
[영영] If you do unpaid work or are an unpaid worker, you do a job without receiving any money for it.
[영한] ⒞ 무보수의, 무급의 ⒨ ① 아직 돈을 내지 않은, 미납의 ② 무보수의, 무급의 ③ (사람이) 보수를 받지 않는, 무보수의
[반의어] paid(무보수이다)

valuable [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2628] [★★] [레마] value
[본문] Yes, although the counter argument is that internships are valuable experience for people who need it before they can get a 'real' job.
[영한] ⒨ ① 소중한, 귀중한 ② 가치가 큰, 값비싼
[파생] valuable, valuableness, valuably, valuate, valuer, value
[어근] ⑴ valu(val); Strong ⑵ able; 할 수 있는(형용사어미)
[반의어] valueless(가치가 크다), worthless(값비싸다)
<명사> 귀중품

well paid [형용사]
[본문] This is bad for social mobility, which is the ability of people to move to higher, better paid levels in society.
[영한] ⒨ 보수를 많이 받는[주는]
[구성단어] well + paid

well-connected [형용사] [레마] well-connected
[본문] Too often internships are open to those with established connections in the professions and again that rules out those young people who don't have the well-connected families or friends who can open those doors for them.
[영영] Someone who is well-connected has important or influential relatives or friends.
[영한] ⒨ 인척 관계가 좋은, 집안이 좋은.
[구성단어] well + connected

what they call [부사]
[본문] Some companies offer students or recent graduates what they call internships.
[영한] ⒨ 이른바, 소위
[구성단어] what + they + call
[유의어] so called(이른바), what is called(이른바)

work experience [명사]
[본문] Before you got your first job, Rob, did you do any work experience?
[영한] ⒞ (특히 학생들의) 현장 실습 ⒨ ① (근무) 경력 ② (특히 학생들의) 현장 실습
[활용] uncountable noun
[구성단어] work + experience

work for [동사]
[본문] And the issue with that from a sort of social mobility point of view is that a substantial proportion of those internships are unpaid and that effectively rules out those who can't afford to work for free.
[영한] ⒨ ① …을 지지하다, …을 위해 일하다 ② …에 고용되다, …에서 일하다.
[구성단어] work + for

새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다

https://softca.blog.me/221610250801

 

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6 Minute English; Working for free - 영어단어공부