6 Minute English; Is tourism harmful? - 영어단어공부(철자순) | BBC Learning English)

6 Minute English; Is tourism harmful? - 영어단어공부(철자순) | BBC Learning English)

M2019_09_12_Tourism_어휘공부T.pdf

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6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영아교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다.



European cities such as Rome and Bruges have decided to impose restrictions on tourism to prevent overcrowding and make life easier for the local residents. Rob and Sam talk about it and teach you related vocabulary.

 

새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.

[BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Is tourism harmful?에 수록된 영어단어 수는

• 고유명사를 제외하고 총 342개 입니다.
• 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 283개로 83%가 해당됩니다.
• 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 294개로 86%가 해당됩니다.
• Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 305개로 89%가 해당됩니다.
• 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 271개로 79%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.

이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함꼐 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다

이글에 수록하는 영어단어의 선정 기준은 WordFrequency 사이트 기준으로 순위 1,500위 이상의 영어단어입니다.

본 자료는 PDF 파일로 다운 받을 수 있습니다.

오디오 듣기

 

aim [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1945] [★★] [레마] aim
[본문] An objective is a plan or aim to achieve something.
[영영] If you aim for something or aim to do something, you plan or hope to achieve it.
[영한] ⒨ ① (무엇을 성취하는 것을) 목표하다 ② …을 목표로 하다¶ ③ 겨누다 ④ (…을) 대상으로 하다[겨냥하다]
[첫뜻] to estimate (number or size), calculate, count
[활용] aimed, aimed, aiming, aims
<명사> ① 목적, 목표 ② 겨냥, 조준

artificial [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 4043] [★★] [레마] artificial
[본문] This term describes turning something into an artificial, not real, commercial environment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park.
[영영] Artificial objects, materials, or processes do not occur naturally and are created by human beings, for example using science or technology.
[영한] ⒨ ① 인공[인조]의 ② 인위적인 ③ 거짓된, 꾸민
[첫뜻] not natural or spontaneous
[파생] artifice, artificiality, artificialize, artificially, artificialness, artificial
[어근] art
[유의어] fake, false
<명사> 인공물, 모조물, 조화, [pl.] 인조 비료

atmosphere [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2237] [★★] [레마] atmosphere
[본문] But here lies the problem - the places we're visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty - the things we came to see in the first place!
[영영] A planet's atmosphere is the layer of air or other gases around it.
[영한] ⒨ ① (지구의) 대기 ② (다른 행성의) 대기 ③ (방이나 한정된 공간의) 공기, (특정한 기운이 도는) 곳[장소] ④ 분위기, 기운
[첫뜻] gaseous envelop surrounding the earth
[활용] 복수형; atmospheres
[파생] atmospheric, atmospherical, atmospherically, atmosphere
[어근] ⑴ atmo(atmos); vapor, steam ⑵ sphere; sphere

attach [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2338] [★★] [레마] attach
[본문] Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city, include giving out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach 'love padlocks' to historic monuments.
[영영] If you attach something to an object, you join it or fasten it to the object.
[영한] ⒨ ① 붙이다, 첨부하다 ② (~에) 중요성, 의미, 가치, 무게 등을 두다 ③ (달가워하지 않는 사람에게) 들러붙다 ④ 연관되다, 연관짓다, 부여하다
[첫뜻] to take or seize (property or goods) by law
[활용] attached, attached, attaching, attaches
[파생] attachable, attacher, attachment, attach

attach to [동사]
[본문] Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city, include giving out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach 'love padlocks' to historic monuments.
[영한] ⒨ ① …에 부여하다. ② …에 붙이다. ③ …에 끼여들다. ④ 소속시키다
[구성단어] attach + to

authentic [형용사] [★] [레마] authentic
[본문] I'm not sure it's that similar yet, but one way to maintain the authentic feel of the city is to cap the number of cruises that can dock.
[영영] An authentic person, object, or emotion is genuine.
[영한] ⒨ ① 진본[진품]인 ② 진짜인, 정확한 ③ 진짜와 꼭 같게 만든, 모사한
[첫뜻] authoritative, duly authorized
[파생] authentically, authenticate, authentication, authenticity, authentic
[어근] ⑴ aut(auto); self ⑵ hent; doer, being ⑶ ic; 형용사어미
[유의어] genuine(진짜)
[반의어] inauthentic(진품이다)

ban [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3949] [★★] [레마] ban
[본문] These new laws have banned this with the objective of improving the life for the people of Rome - the Romans.
[영영] To ban something means to state officially that it must not be done, shown, or used.
[영한] ⒨ ① 금(지)하다 ② ~에게 ~을 금(지)하다
[활용] banned, banned, banning, bans
[파생] bannable, ban
[유의어] prohibit
<명사> 금지(법[법령])

bare-chested [형용사] [레마] chest
[본문] Romans don't like to see tourists walking around bare-chested, they don't like to see them wading in their fountains - so really the objective is to improve the life of the city for residents and for tourists themselves.
[영영] (chiefly of a man) Having one's chest bare; shirtless.
[영한] ⒨ (주로 남자들) 가슴을 드러낸, 셔츠를 벗은
[구성단어] bare + chested

basically [부사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1702] [★★] [레마] base
[본문] They basically don't like cruise visitors because cruise visitors don't spend money.
[영영] You use basically for emphasis when you are stating an opinion, or when you are making an important statement about something.
[영한] ⒨ ① 근본적으로 ② 기본적으로[무엇보다도](자기 의견이나 해당 상황에서 중요한 것을 말할 때 쓰는 표현)
[파생] base, basic, basically, basis
[어근] ⑴ bas(base); step, foundation ⑵ ical(ic); 형용사어미 ⑶ ly; 부사어미
[유의어] essentially(근본적으로), essentially(기본적으로)

beauty [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1737] [★★] [레마] beauty
[본문] But here lies the problem - the places we're visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty - the things we came to see in the first place!
[영영] Beauty is the state or quality of being beautiful.
[영한] ⒨ ① 아름다움, 미 ② 미인, 아름다운 것 ③ 멋진 사례[보기] ④ 멋진 점, 장점
[활용] 복수형; beauties
[파생] beauteous, beautiful, beautify, beauty
[어근] ⑴ beaut(bell) ⑵ y; 명사어미
[유의어] advantage(장점)
<형용사> 최고[최상]의.
<감탄사> 좋아 좋아!

behaviour [명사] [Oxford3000] [★★] [BRIT][AM→behavior] [레마] behave
[본문] Well, the authorities in the city fear that some tourists are showing disrespect to the city and have introduced laws to clamp down on certain behaviour.
[영영] People's or animals' behaviour is the way that they behave. You can refer to a typical and repeated way of behaving as a behaviour.
[영한] ⒨ ① 처신, 행위, 행동 ② 행동 방식, 작용
[첫뜻] manner of behaving (whether good or bad), conduct, manners
[활용] 복수형; behaviours
[파생] behavioral, behavioural, behavior, behaviour

behavior [명사] [Ranking; 674] [AM][BRIT→behaviour]
[본문] Well, the authorities in the city fear that some tourists are showing disrespect to the city and have introduced laws to clamp down on certain behaviour.
[영영] People's or animals' behaviour is the way that they behave. You can refer to a typical and repeated way of behaving as a behaviour.
[영한] ⒨ ① 행동, 거동, 행실, 품행, 태도 ② 행동, 습성 ③ 행동 양식 ④ (기계 등의) 가동, 움직임, 작용, 반응
[파생] behavior, behavioral, behavioural, behave, behaviour

bring on [동사]
[본문] Bring it on, Rob!
[영한] ⒞ ~을 야기하다[초래하다]
⒨ ① ~을 야기하다[초래하다] ② (작물/과일 등의) 생장을 돕다 ③ (~의 실력을) 향상시키다 ④ 자기 자신/누구 때문에 ~이 생기다
[구성단어] bring + on
[유의어] cause, bring upon

cap [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2326] [★★] [레마] cap
[본문] A really key one is they're going to cap the number of cruises that can dock, and actually this a big one that lots of cities do.
[영영] ① If a sports player is capped, they are chosen to represent their country in a team game such as football, rugby, or cricket.
② If the government caps an organization, council, or budget, it limits the amount of money that the organization or council is allowed to spend, or limits the size of the budget.
③ If someone says that a good or bad event caps a series of events, they mean it is the final event in the series, and the other events were also good or bad.
[영한] ⒞ (액수의) 한도를 정하다
⒨ ① (꼭대기나 끝을) (~으로) 덮다 ② (액수의) 한도를 정하다 ③ 더 재미있는 말[행동]을 하다 ④ (치아를 보기 좋게 하려고) 치관을 씌우다 ⑤ (국가) 대표 선수를 뽑다
[첫뜻] to put a cap on
[활용] capped, capped, capping, caps
[파생] capper, cap
[어근] cap; head
[유의어] crown
<명사> ① (보통 제복의 일부로 쓰는, 앞부분에 챙이 달린) 모자 ② (특정한 목적을 위해 머리에 딱 맞게 쓰는) 모자 ③ (학위 수여식 등에서 쓰는) 사각모

cheap [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1944] [★★] [레마] cheap
[본문] But more and more of us are travelling to explore the world - many of us have more leisure time, and the cost of travelling has become relatively cheaper.
[영영] Goods or services that are cheap cost less money than usual or than you expected.
[영한] ⒨ ① (값이) 싼, 돈이 적게 드는 ② (요금이) 싼 ③ 값싼, 싸구려의 ④ 천박한, 저질스러운 ⑤ 하찮은
[활용] 비교; cheap < cheaper < cheapest
[파생] cheapen, cheapish, cheapishly, cheaply, cheapness, cheap
[유의어] inexpensive
[반의어] expensive
<부사> 싸게

clamp [동사] [★] [레마] clamp
[본문] Well, the authorities in the city fear that some tourists are showing disrespect to the city and have introduced laws to clamp down on certain behaviour.
[영영] When you clamp one thing to another, you fasten the two things together with a clamp.
[영한] ⒨ ① 죔쇠로 고정시키다 ② 꽉 물다[잡다], 꽉 물려[잡혀] 있다 ③ (불법 주차 자동차에) 클램프를 물리다
[활용] clamped, clamped, clamping, clamps
<명사> ① (보통 나사를 이용한) 죔쇠[죄는 기구] ② (불법 주차 차량에 물리는) 클램프

clamp down [동사]
[본문] Well, the authorities in the city fear that some tourists are showing disrespect to the city and have introduced laws to clamp down on certain behaviour.
[영한] ⒨ (범죄를) 단속하다
[구성단어] clamp + down

clampdown [명사] [레마] clamp
[본문] clampdown means officially trying to stop or limit people doing something.
[영영] A clampdown is a sudden restriction on a particular activity by a government or other authority.
[영한] ⒨ (기습) 단속
[구성단어] clamp + down
<동사>

close to [부사]
[본문] Something close to our hearts, Sam - it's travel.
[영영] in a position very near to something
[영한] ⒨ 아주 가까이에서
[구성단어] close + to
[유의어] close up(아주 가까이에서)

come by [동사]
[본문] It's felt that visitors who come by cruise ship, don't stay overnight and therefore don't bring much money into the city.
[영영] ① to pass somebody/something without stopping
② (especially AmE) to come to visit somebody for a short time in a relaxed or informal way
③ to manage to get something; to receive something by chance
[영한] ⒨ ① (힘쓴 끝에) ~을 얻다[구하다] ② ~을 받다 ③ (누구를 보러) 잠깐 들르다
[구성단어] come + by

come in [동사]
[본문] But here lies the problem - the places we're visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty - the things we came to see in the first place!
[영영] ① when the sea comes in, it moves towards the land
② to finish a race in a particular position
③ to arrive; to be received
[영한] ⒨ ① (밀물이) 밀려[들어]오다 ② (경주에서 몇 위로) 들어오다 ③ 유행하다 ④ (상품 등이) 들어오다 ⑤ 참여하다
[구성단어] come + in
[반의어] go out

come to [동사] [Oxford3000] [★★]
[본문] But here lies the problem - the places we're visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty - the things we came to see in the first place!
[영영] ① if an idea comes to you, it suddenly enters your mind
② (especially BrE) to pass to somebody else when somebody dies
③ to regain consciousness or return to one's normal state
[영한] ⒨ ① (총계가) ~이 되다 ② (특히 좋지 않은 상황이) 되다 ③ 알아차리다. ④ (생각이) 들다[나다]
[구성단어] come + to

crack [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3033] [★★] [레마] crack
[본문] Bruges was the latest city to say we're going to introduce new regulations to crack down on what they called the Disneyfication of their city.
[영영] ① If something hard cracks, or if you crack it, it becomes slightly damaged, with lines appearing on its surface.
② If something cracks, or if you crack it, it makes a sharp sound like the sound of a piece of wood breaking.
③ If you crack a hard part of your body, such as your knee or your head, you hurt it by accidentally hitting it hard against something.
[영한] ⒨ ① 갈라지다, 금이 가다, 갈라지게[금이 가게] 하다 ② 깨지다, 부서지다, 깨뜨리다, 부수다 ③ (짧고 세게) 때리다[찧다] ④ 날카로운 소리가 나다[소리를 내다] ⑤ (목소리가) 갈라지다[잠기다]
[첫뜻] make a sharp noise, give forth a loud, abrupt sound
[활용] cracked, cracked, cracking, cracks
<명사> ① (무엇이 갈라져 생긴) 금 ② (좁은) 틈 ③ 찢어지는 듯한[날카로운] 소리
<형용사> 정예의, …에 뛰어난
<부사> 탁, 탕, 찰칵, 지끈, 우지직, 날카롭게

crack down [동사]
[본문] Bruges was the latest city to say we're going to introduce new regulations to crack down on what they called the Disneyfication of their city.
[영영] to try harder to prevent people breaking a rule, using something harmful, committing a crime, etc. and deal severely with those who do
[영한] ⒨ 엄중 단속하다
[구성단어] crack + down

crackdown [명사] [레마] crackdown
[본문] So Helen mentioned a crackdown - which like clampdown - means taking action to restrict or stop certain activities.
[영영] A crackdown is strong official action that is taken to punish people who break laws.
[영한] ⒨ 엄중 단속, 강력 탄압

crowded [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 4792] [★★] [레마] crowd
[본문] But here lies the problem - the places we're visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty - the things we came to see in the first place!
[영영] If a place is crowded, it is full of people.
[영한] ⒨ ① (사람들이) 붐비는, 복잡한 ② …이 가득한[빡빡한]
[파생] crowded, crowdedly, crowdedness, crowder, crowd

cruise [동사] [Ranking; 4738] [★★] [레마] cruise
[본문] They basically don't like cruise visitors because cruise visitors don't spend money.
[영영] If you cruise a sea, river, or canal, you travel around it or along it on a cruise.
[영한] ⒨ ① 유람선을 타고 다니다 ② (승용차항공기 등이) (꾸준한 속도로) 나아가다, 순항하다 ③ (승용차나 그 운전자가) (특히 무엇을 찾아) 천천히 달리다[돌아다니다] ④ 수월히 이기다[이루다] ⑤ (속어) 섹스 파트너를 찾아다니다
[활용] cruised, cruised, cruising, cruises
[어근] cruise
<명사> 유람선 여행

deputy [명사] [Ranking; 2591] [★★] [레마] depute
[본문] Helen Coffey, deputy travel editor for the Independent newspaper, also spoke to the You and Yours programme, to explain what is going on…
[영영] A deputy is the second most important person in an organization such as a business or government department. Someone's deputy often acts on their behalf when they are not there.
[영한] ⒨ ① (한 조직의 장(長) 바로 다음 가는 직급인) 부-[-보/대행[대리](인)] ② (일부 국가들에서 의회의) 의원[국회의원] ③ (미국에서 한 지역의) 보안관보
[첫뜻] subordinate officer, one given the full power of an officer without holding the office
[파생] depute, deputy
[어근] ⑴ de; away ⑵ put(pute); consider ⑶ y; 명사어미

destination [형용사] [Ranking; 3918] [★★] [레마] destine
[본문] According to Mastercard's Global destination Cities Index, what was the most visited city in 2018?
[영한] ⒨ 사람들이 특별히 찾는 호텔/상점/식당 등의
[어근] ⑴ de; completely, formally ⑵ stin; to stand ⑶ ation; 명사어미
<명사> 목적지, (물품의) 도착지

differ [동사] [Ranking; 3016] [★] [레마] differ
[본문] Lots of people are visiting, Rob - and locals and tourists have differing attitudes towards the way they respect these beautiful and historic sites.
[영영] If two or more things differ, they are unlike each other in some way.
[영한] ⒨ ① 다르다 ② 의견이 다르다, 동의하지 않다
[첫뜻] be unlike, dissimilar, distinct, or various
[활용] differed, differed, differing, differs
[파생] differ, difference, different, differently, differentness, differentiate
[어근] ⑴ dif(dis); apart ⑵ fer; bring, carry
[유의어] vary

Disneyfication [명사] [레마] Disneyfication
[본문] Bruges was the latest city to say we're going to introduce new regulations to crack down on what they called the Disneyfication of their city.
[영한] ⒨ 지역의 디즈니 공원화

disrespect [명사] [레마] respect
[본문] Well, the authorities in the city fear that some tourists are showing disrespect to the city and have introduced laws to clamp down on certain behaviour.
[영영] If someone shows disrespect, they speak or behave in a way that shows lack of respect for a person, law, or custom.
[영한] ⒨ 무례, 결례
[활용] 복수형; disrespects
[파생] disrespectful, disrespectfully, disrespectfulness, disrespect
[어근] ⑴ dis ⑵ re; back ⑶ spect(spec); look at
[반의어] respect(존경)
<동사> …에게 실례되는[무례한] 짓을 하다.

dock [동사] [Ranking; 4965] [★★] [레마] dock
[본문] A really key one is they're going to cap the number of cruises that can dock, and actually this a big one that lots of cities do.
[영영] When a ship docks or is docked, it is brought into a dock.
[영한] ⒨ ① (배를) 부두에 대다 ② (우주선이[을]) 도킹하다[시키다] ③ (임금 등에서) ~을 빼다[공제하다] ④ (컴퓨터) 도킹하다(노트북 컴퓨터를 데스크톱 형으로 쓸 수 있게 도킹 스테이션에 연결하는 것) ⑤ (동물의) 꼬리를 바싹 자르다
[첫뜻] cut off or clip an animal's tail
[활용] docked, docked, docking, docks
[반의어] undock
<명사> ① 부두, 선창 ② (항구에서 선박 수리물품 보관 등을 위한) 독, 선거(船渠) ③ (차량기차 등의) 화물 적재 플랫폼

explore [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1603] [★★] [레마] explore
[본문] But more and more of us are travelling to explore the world - many of us have more leisure time, and the cost of travelling has become relatively cheaper.
[영영] If you explore a place, you travel around it to find out what it is like.
[영한] ⒨ ① 답사[탐사/탐험]하다 ② 탐구[분석]하다 ③ (손이나 발 등으로) 더듬어 보다[살피다]
[첫뜻] to investigate, examine
[활용] explored, explored, exploring, explores
[파생] exploration, explorational, explorationist, explorative, exploratory, explore, explorer
[어근] ⑴ ex; out ⑵ plore; to weep, cry
[유의어] look into(속을 들여다보다)

fountain [명사] [★] [레마] fountain
[본문] Romans don't like to see tourists walking around bare-chested, they don't like to see them wading in their fountains - so really the objective is to improve the life of the city for residents and for tourists themselves.
[영영] A fountain is an ornamental feature in a pool or lake which consists of a long narrow stream of water that is forced up into the air by a pump.
[영한] ⒨ ① 분수 ② 분수처럼 뿜어져 나오는 것 ③ (무엇의) 원천
[첫뜻] spring of water that collects in a pool
[활용] 복수형; fountains
[파생] fountained, fountainless, fountain-like, fountain
[어근] ⑴ founta(font); spring ⑵ in; ~에 속함(명사어미)

get right [동사] [레마] get
[본문] Well, maybe what I can get right is a recap of today's vocabulary.
[영한] ⒨ ① 바르게 하다[되다], 반듯하게 하다[되다] ② …을 바르게 이해하다 ③ (미국/속어) (마약을 해서) 기분을 가라앉히다
[구성단어] get + right

have answer [동사]
[본문] But that's after I challenge you to answer this question, Sam!
[영한] ⒨ 답을 하다
[구성단어] have + answer

historic [형용사] [Ranking; 2516] [★★] [레마] history
[본문] Lots of people are visiting, Rob - and locals and tourists have differing attitudes towards the way they respect these beautiful and historic sites.
[영영] Something that is historic is important in history, or likely to be considered important at some time in the future.
[영한] ⒨ ① 역사적으로 중요한, 역사에 남을 만한, 역사적인 ② 유사의
[첫뜻] of or belonging to history
[파생] historic, historical, history, historian
[어근] ⑴ histor; hustory ⑵ ic; 형용사어미
[유의어] momentous(중대하다)

inappropriate [형용사] [레마] appropriate
[본문] So, the new rules are to stop tourists misbehaving - that's doing bad or inappropriate things.
[영영] Something that is inappropriate is not useful or suitable for a particular situation or purpose.
[영한] ⒨ 부적절한, 부적합한
[파생] inappropriately, inappropriateness, inappropriate
[어근] ⑴ in; not ⑵ ap(ad); to ⑶ propri; one's own ⑷ ate; ~의 특징인(형용사어미)
[유의어] improper
[반의어] appropriate(부적절하다), appropriate(적절하다)

index [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2644] [★★] [레마] index
[본문] According to Mastercard's Global Destination Cities index, what was the most visited city in 2018?
[영영] An index is a system by which changes in the value of something and the rate at which it changes can be recorded, measured, or interpreted.
[영한] ⒨ ① 색인 ② (물가임금 등의) 지수 ③ 지표 ④ (수학) 지수(방정식 4² = 16에서 2 같은 수)
[첫뜻] the forefinger
[활용] 복수형; indexes indices
[파생] indexer, indexical, indexless, index
[어근] ⑴ in(en); into ⑵ dex(dicar); proclaim
<동사> ① 색인을 만들다[달다] ② (임금 등을) 물가와 연동시키다

journalist [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2116] [★★] [레마] journal
[본문] Sabina Castelfranco is a journalist in the city.
[영영] A journalist is a person whose job is to collect news and write about it for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio.
[영한] ⒨ 저널리스트, (신문/방송/잡지사의) 기자
[활용] 복수형; journalists
[파생] journal, journalist, journalistically, journalistic
[어근] ⑴ journal(journ); day ⑵ ist; ~하는 사람(명사어미)

leisure [명사] [★] [레마] leisure
[본문] But more and more of us are travelling to explore the world - many of us have more leisure time, and the cost of travelling has become relatively cheaper.
[영영] Leisure is the time when you are not working and you can relax and do things that you enjoy.
[영한] ⒨ 여가
[첫뜻] free time, time at one's disposal
[활용] uncountable noun
[파생] leisured, leisureful, leisureless, leisureliness, leisurely, leisureness, leisure
[어근] ⑴ leis(licer); to be allowed ⑵ ure; 명사 어미
<형용사> ① 틈이 있는, 할 일이 없는 ② 틈이 많은, 한가한

litter [명사] [레마] litter
[본문] Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city, include giving out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach 'love padlocks' to historic monuments.
[영영] Litter is rubbish that is left lying around outside.
[영한] ⒨ ① 쓰레기(공공장소에 버려진 휴지깡통병 같은 것들) ② 어질러져 있는 것들 ③ (애완동물, 특히 고양이가 대소변을 보도록 얕은 통에 깔아 주는) 깔개 ④ 한 배에서 난 새끼들 ⑤ (농장에서 동물들이 그 위에 누워서 잘 수 있게 깔아 주는) 짚
[첫뜻] a bed
[활용] 복수형; litters
[파생] littery, litter
<동사> ① 흐트러져[흩어져] 어지럽히다[어수선하게 만들다] ② (쓰레기 등을) 버리다[버려서 지저분하게 만들다] ③ (보통 좋지 않은 것이) 많이 들어[포함되어] 있다

misbehave [동사] [레마] behave
[본문] So, the new rules are to stop tourists misbehaving - that's doing bad or inappropriate things.
[영영] If someone, especially a child, misbehaves, they behave in a way that is not acceptable to other people.
[영한] ⒨ 못된 짓을 하다, 비행을 저지르다
[활용] misbehaved, misbehaved, misbehaving, misbehaves
[파생] misbehaver, misbehaviour, misbehave
[어근] ⑴ mis ⑵ be; 과도함, intensive prefix ⑶ have; to have or bear
[반의어] behave(못된 짓을 하다)

monument [명사] [Ranking; 4106] [★★] [레마] monument
[본문] Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city, include giving out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach 'love padlocks' to historic monuments.
[영영] A monument is a large structure, usually made of stone, which is built to remind people of an event in history or of a famous person.
[영한] ⒨ ① (건물/동상 등의) 기념물 ② 기념비적인[역사적인] 건축물 ③ ~을 보여주는 기념비적인 것
[첫뜻] a sepulchre
[활용] 복수형; monuments
[파생] monumental, monument
[어근] ⑴ mon; to remind, warn ⑵ ment; 접미사

objective [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2427] [★★] [레마] object
[본문] Romans don't like to see tourists walking around bare-chested, they don't like to see them wading in their fountains - so really the objective is to improve the life of the city for residents and for tourists themselves.
[영영] Your objective is what you are trying to achieve.
[영한] ⒨ ① 목적, 목표 ② 대물렌즈
[첫뜻] something objective to the mind
[활용] 복수형; objectives
[파생] object, objectify, objection, objectival, objective, objectively, objectiveness, objectivity
[어근] ⑴ ob; in front of ⑵ ject; throw ⑶ ive; ~의 성질(접미사)
[유의어] goal(목표)
<형용사> ① 객관적인 ② (철학) 실재하는, 실증적인 ③ (문법) 목적격의

overnight [부사] [Ranking; 4796] [★★] [레마] night
[본문] It's felt that visitors who come by cruise ship, don't stay overnight and therefore don't bring much money into the city.
[영한] ⒨ ① 밤사이에, 하룻밤 동안 ② 하룻밤 사이에, 갑자기, 빨리
[구성단어] over + night
<명사> ① 하룻밤 여행[숙박], (하룻밤의) 외박 허가증. ② 전날 밤. ③ 간단한 일.
<동사> 하룻밤을 지내다
<형용사> ① 야간의, 하룻밤 동안의 ② 하룻밤 사이의, 갑작스러운

pack [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2293] [★★] [레마] pack
[본문] The old and narrow streets are often packed with sightseers - so restrictions have been introduced there.
[영영] When you pack a bag, you put clothes and other things into it, because you are leaving a place or going on holiday.
[영한] ⒨ ① (여행을 가기 위해) (짐을) 싸다[꾸리다/챙기다] ② (보관수송매매 목적으로 물건을) 포장하다 ③ (물건이 부서지지 않게 부드러운 포장재로) 싸다 ④ (식품을 특정 물질로) 보관 처리하다 ⑤ (사람물건으로) 가득[빽빽히] 채우다
[활용] packed, packed, packing, packs
[파생] packable, pack
[반의어] unpack
<명사> ① (동일한 종류의 상품을 여러 개 넣거나 많은 양을 담아 놓은, 보통 종이로 만든 포장 꾸러미) ② (특정 용도를 위해 함께 묶어 제공하는 여러 가지 물건들로 이뤄진) 묶음[꾸러미] ③ (특히 운반을 위해 여러 물건을 함께 뭉친) 꾸러미
<형용사> ① (동물이) 운반용의. ② 꽉 채워진[찬]. ③ 포장[짐꾸리기]용의.

padlock [명사] [레마] lock
[본문] Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city, include giving out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach 'love padlocks' to historic monuments.
[영영] A padlock is a lock which is used for fastening two things together. It consists of a block of metal with a U-shaped bar attached to it. One end of the bar is released by turning a key in the lock.
[영한] ⒨ 맹꽁이자물쇠
[활용] 복수형; padlocks
<동사> 맹꽁이자물쇠로 잠그다

put on [동사] [Oxford3000] [★★]
[본문] This is why we're going to be discussing how some cities around the world are putting restrictions on the tourists who visit.
[영한] ⒨ ① ~을 입다[쓰다/끼다/걸치다] ② (얼굴/피부 등에) ~을 바르다 ③ (기구 등을) 가동[작동]시키다 ④ (시디/테이프 등을) 틀다 ⑤ (무게 등이) 더 무거워지다, (살이) 찌다
[구성단어] put + on
[유의어] gain(살이 찌다), produce(상연하다), stage(상연하다), dress oneself in(몸에 걸치다), pretend(가장하다), tease(놀리다), exaggerate(과장하다), assume, affect
[반의어] take off

regulation [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1685] [★★] [레마] regulate
[본문] Bruges was the latest city to say we're going to introduce new regulations to crack down on what they called the Disneyfication of their city.
[영영] Regulations are rules made by a government or other authority in order to control the way something is done or the way people behave.
[영한] ⒨ ① 규정 ② 규제, 통제, 단속
[활용] 복수형; regulations
[파생] regulate, regulation, regulative, regulatively, regulatory
[어근] ⑴ regul; rule ⑵ ation; 명사어비 ⑶ ate; 동사어미
<형용사> 규정된

related [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3422] [★★] [레마] relate
[본문] This is the programme where in just six minutes we discuss an interesting topic and teach some related English vocabulary.
[영영] ① If two or more things are related, there is a connection between them.
② People who are related belong to the same family.
③ If you say that different types of things, such as languages, are related, you mean that they developed from the same language.
[영한] ⒨ ① (…에) 관련된 ② 친척의 ③ (생물/언어 등이) 동족[동류]의
[파생] relatable, relate, relatedness, relater, relation, relative, related
[반의어] unrelated(동족이다), unrelated(혈연관계가 아니다)

respect [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1563] [★★] [레마] respect
[본문] Lots of people are visiting, Rob - and locals and tourists have differing attitudes towards the way they respect these beautiful and historic sites.
[영영] If you respect someone, you have a good opinion of their character or ideas.
[영한] ⒨ ① 존경하다 ② 존중하다 ③ (법률원칙 등을) 준수하다
[첫뜻] to regard, notice with especial attention
[활용] respected, respected, respecting, respects
[파생] respectable, respectful, respect
[어근] ⑴ re; back ⑵ spect(spec); look at
<명사> ① 존경(심), 경의 ② 존중, 정중 ③ (측)면, 점, 사항

restrict [동사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3574] [★★] [레마] strict, restrict
[본문] So Helen mentioned a crackdown - which like clampdown - means taking action to restrict or stop certain activities.
[영영] If you restrict something, you put a limit on it in order to reduce it or prevent it becoming too great.
[활용] restricted, restricted, restricting, restricts
[파생] restrict, restriction, restrictionist, restrictive
[어근] ⑴ re ⑵ strict(strain); to draw tight
[유의어] impede, cramp(막다), limit

restriction [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3153] [★★] [레마] restrict
[본문] This is why we're going to be discussing how some cities around the world are putting restrictions on the tourists who visit.
[영영] A restriction is an official rule that limits what you can do or that limits the amount or size of something.
[영한] ⒨ ① (법률/규칙을 통한) 제한[규제] ② (행동 등의) 제약[구속] ③ (자유를) 구속하는 것
[활용] 복수형; restrictions
[파생] restrict, restriction, restrictionist, restrictive
[어근] ⑴ re; back ⑵ strict(strain); draw tight ⑶ ion(ation); 명사어미
[유의어] limit

severe [형용사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2350] [★★] [레마] severe
[본문] Other laws introduced in Rome, with the objective of improving the city, include giving out severe fines to people who drop litter and to those who attach 'love padlocks' to historic monuments.
[영영] You use severe to indicate that something bad or undesirable is great or intense.
[영한] ⒨ ① 극심한, 심각한 ② (처벌이) 가혹한[혹독한] ③ 엄한, 엄격한 ④ (많은 기술/능력을 요하는) 아주 힘든[어려운] ⑤ (지나치게 장식이 없고) 수수한[평범한]
[활용] 비교; severe < severer < severest
[파생] severely, severeness, severity, severe
[어근] sever; serious, grave, strict
[유의어] harsh, stern, stiff, violent(끔찍하다)

sightseer [명사] [레마] sightseer
[본문] The old and narrow streets are often packed with sightseers - so restrictions have been introduced there.
[영영] A sightseer is someone who is travelling around visiting the interesting places that tourists usually visit.
[영한] ⒨ 관광객, 유람객
[활용] 복수형; sightseers
[구성단어] sight + seer

similar to [형용사]
[본문] This term describes turning something into an artificial, not real, commercial environment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park.
[구성단어] similar + to

spoil [동사] [Oxford3000] [★★] [레마] spoil
[본문] But here lies the problem - the places we're visiting are becoming more crowded, sometimes spoiling the atmosphere and the beauty - the things we came to see in the first place!
[영영] If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory.
[영한] ⒨ ① 망치다, 버려 놓다, 못쓰게 만들다 ② (아이를) 응석받이로[버릇없게] 키우다 ③ (특별한 일로) 행복하게 하다 ④ (음식이) 상하다
[첫뜻] to strip (someone) of clothes, strip a slain enemy
[활용] spoiled spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiling, spoils
[파생] spoilable, spoilage, spoil
[유의어] go off(상하다), ruin(버려 놓다), overindulge(버릇없게 키우다)
<명사> ① (격식 또는 문예체) 약탈품, 전리품 ② 성과 ③ (광산발굴터 등에서 파낸) 폐석

theme [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1665] [★★] [레마] theme
[본문] This term describes turning something into an artificial, not real, commercial environment, similar to a Walt Disney theme park.
[영영] A theme in a piece of writing, a talk, or a discussion is an important idea or subject that runs through it.
[영한] ⒨ ① 주제, 테마 ② (음악) (음악 작품의) 주제[테마] 부분 ③ (구식,) (학교 과제물로 내는) 리포트[작문] ④ (언어) 주제(문장이나 절에서 구(舊) 정보를 담고 있는 부분)
[첫뜻] subject or topic on which a person writes or speaks
[활용] 복수형; themes
[파생] thematic, themeless, theme
<동사> …을 주제로 다루다
<형용사> (특정한 테마시대의 분위기를 살린) …풍의 퍼브/바/식당 등

top [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 3613] [★★]
[본문] I'm sure not all visitors misbehave - but those who have been, have been wading - that's walking through water - in the famous fountains and men have not been covering up the top half of their bodies - so, going bare-chested.
[영한] ⒨ ① 맨 위 (부분), 꼭대기, 정상 ② (납작한) 위[윗면] ③ (계급지위 등의) 최고[정상] ④ (거리책상 등에서 자기로부터 가장 멀리 있는 부분을 가리킴) ⑤ (펜병 등의) 뚜껑
[활용] 복수형; tops
[파생] topful, topmost, tops, top
<동사> ① (…보다 얼마만큼) 더 높다 ② 최고이다, 1위를 하다 ③ (다른 것의) 위에 놓다[얹다]
<형용사> ① 맨 위의, 꼭대기의, 최고의 ② 아주 좋은

tourist [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 2416] [★★] [레마] tour
[본문] This is why we're going to be discussing how some cities around the world are putting restrictions on the tourists who visit.
[영영] A tourist is a person who is visiting a place for pleasure and interest, especially when they are on holiday.
[영한] ⒨ ① 관광객 ② 외국 원정 경기 중인 스포츠 팀의 선수
[활용] 복수형; tourists
[파생] tour, touristic, tourist
[어근] ⑴ tour(torn); to turn ⑵ ist; …하는 사람(접미어)
<동사> ① 여행하다 ② 여행으로 …을 방문하다
<형용사> ① 관광객의[을 위한, 에 적합한] ② class의
<부사> (항공기/기선의) 투어리스트 클래스로

tourist attraction [명사]
[본문] The new rules are really to make sure that tourists do not misbehave when they are visiting tourist attractions in Rome.
[영한] ⒨ 관광 명소
[활용] 복수형; tourist attractions
[구성단어] tourist + attraction

travelling [명사] [BRIT][AM→traveling] [레마] travel
[본문] But more and more of us are travelling to explore the world - many of us have more leisure time, and the cost of travelling has become relatively cheaper.
[영한] ⒨ 여행, 출장, 이동
[활용] uncountable noun

traveling [명사] [AM][BRIT→travelling] [레마] travel
[본문] But more and more of us are travelling to explore the world - many of us have more leisure time, and the cost of travelling has become relatively cheaper.

Trevi Fountain [명사]
[본문] Famous for its Colosseum, Trevi Fountain and many other things.
[영한] ⒨ (지명) 트레비분수
[구성단어] Trevi + fountain

visitor [명사] [Oxford3000] [Ranking; 1710] [★★] [레마] visit
[본문] I'm sure not all visitors misbehave - but those who have been, have been wading - that's walking through water - in the famous fountains and men have not been covering up the top half of their bodies - so, going bare-chested.
[영영] A visitor is someone who is visiting a person or place.
[영한] ⒨ (to…) 방문객, 손님
[활용] 복수형; visitors
[파생] visitorial, visitor
[어근] ⑴ vis; to see ⑵ it; go ⑶ or; …하는 사람(명사어미)

wade [동사] [★] [레마] wade
[본문] Romans don't like to see tourists walking around bare-chested, they don't like to see them wading in their fountains - so really the objective is to improve the life of the city for residents and for tourists themselves.
[영영] If you wade through something that makes it difficult to walk, usually water or mud, you walk through it.
[영한] ⒨ ① (특히 물/진흙 속을 힘겹게) 헤치며 걷다
[첫뜻] to go forward, proceed, move, stride, advance
[활용] waded, waded, wading, wades
<명사> (강 따위를) 걸어서 건너기, 도보로 건너기 , 힘들여 전진하기.

walk around [동사]
[본문] Romans don't like to see tourists walking around bare-chested, they don't like to see them wading in their fountains - so really the objective is to improve the life of the city for residents and for tourists themselves.
[영한] ⒨ ① (…와) 춤추다[with] ② 를 다각적으로 검토하다, 신중히 다루다 ③ …을 잘 빠져 나가다, 피하다
[구성단어] walk + around

what they call [부사]
[본문] Bruges was the latest city to say we're going to introduce new regulations to crack down on what they called the Disneyfication of their city.
[영한] ⒨ 이른바, 소위
[구성단어] what + they + call
[유의어] so called(이른바), what is called(이른바)

 

6 Minute English; Is tourism harmful? (BBC Learning English)

새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다

https://softca.blog.me/221610250801

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