Episodes of extreme weather seem to be more frequent and some scientists suspect this might be caused by human-induced climate change. Climatologist Geert Jan van Oldenborgh talks about a heatwave that surprised climate modellers because it exceeded even the worst expectations. Neil and Sam discuss the topic and teach you related vocabulary.
극한 날씨의 에피소드가 더 자주 발생하는 것으로 보이며 일부 과학자들은 이것이 인간이 유발한 기후 변화로 인한 것일 수 있다고 의심합니다. 기후학자 Geert Jan van Oldenborgh는 최악의 기대치를 넘어섰기 때문에 기후 모델 작성자를 놀라게 한 폭염에 대해 이야기합니다. Neil과 Sam은 주제에 대해 토론하고 관련 어휘를 가르칩니다.
새내기할배 블로그가 제안하는 영어단어 암기법은 기본적으로 문장을 통해 암기하는 것입니다. 그래서 설명하는 모든 단어마다 본문도 함께 제시됩니다. 그러나 새로 나온다고 해서 모든 단어를 무한정 암기할 수는 없습니다. 그래서 암기해야 해야 할 단어와 이해만 하고 넘어갈 단어를 구분하는 지혜가 필요합니다.
[BBC Leaning English] 6 Minute English - Is the planet warming up faster?에 수록된 영어단어 수는
- 고유명사를 제외하고 총 374개 입니다.
- 이중 OxFord 3000단어와 일치하는 영어단어는 357개로 95%가 해당됩니다.
- 미국의 WordFrequency 사이트에서 조사한 Top 5,000내 포함하는 영어단어는 342개로 91%가 해당됩니다.
- Naver 사전에서 [★★/매우 중요]로 분류된 영어단어는 354개로 95%가 해당됩니다.
- 세개의 기준에 모두 일치하는 영어단어는 모두 336개로 90%의 싱크로율을 보입니다.
이들 기준에 해당되는 영어단어 중 암기해야 할 단어의 수준을 각자 정하고 그 수준의 영어단어가 나오면 문장과 함께 암기하는 습관을 들이면 영어단어공부에 큰 성과를 거둘 수 있을 것입니다
이 블로그에는 [BBC 6분 영어와 관련하여 매주 다음과 같은 글들이 게시 됩니다
- 단어공부(금주 대본에 나온 주요 어휘) 이 글입니다
- 멀티단어공부(금주 대본에 사용된 멀티단어(구동사, 숙어) 간단 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 독해공부(금주 대본의 문장별 해석(직역) 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 문장별 문법공부(문장별 문법 설명) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 어휘(금주 대본에 나온 금주의 어휘를 집중적으로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 항목별 문법공부(금주 대본에 나온 문법을 주제별/항목별로 정리한 자료) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
- 금주의 구동사(금주 대본에 사용된 구동사 상세 정리) 이 글의 포스팅 시점에는 아직 작성되지 않았습니다.
activist [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2618] [레마] act
[본문] [7]Wasn't it climate change activist, Greta Thunberg?
[영영] An activist is a person who works to bring about political or social changes by campaigning in public or working for an organization.
[영한] ⒨ (정치/사회 운동) 운동가, 활동가
[활용] 복수형; activists
[파생] activistic, activist
[어근] ⑴ act(ag); 행위 ⑵ iv(ive); 형용사 어미 ⑶ ist; 명사 어미
all-time [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] time
[본문] [18]It broke records when the temperature in Lytton hit an all-time high on 1st July - but just how hot did it get?
[영영] You use all-time when you are comparing all the things of a particular type that there have ever been. For example, if you say that something is the all-time best, you mean that it is the best thing of its type that there has ever been.
[영한] ⒨ 시대를 초월한, 공전의, 사상 (최고[최저]의)
[구성단어] all + time
boundary [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 2800] [★★] [레마] bound
[본문] [30]Yes, and it's a very big shock in the sense that we thought we knew how heatwaves react to global warming and within which boundaries they're increasing (of course they're increasing in temperature) but it's a gradual process we thought and then you get this thing and it's not gradual at all - it's a huge jump!
[영영] The boundary of an area of land is an imaginary line that separates it from other areas.
[영한] ⒨ ① 경계[한계](선), 분계선 ② (크리켓에서) 바운더리(경기장 경계를 벗어나서 추가 득점을 올리게 되는 타구)
[첫뜻] that which indicates the limits of anything
[활용] 복수형; boundaries
[어근] ⑴ bound; 경계를 이루다 ⑵ ary; ~하는 곳(명사어미)
Celsius [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] Celsius
[본문] [21]Or c) 59.6 degrees Celsius?
[영영] Celsius is a scale for measuring temperature, in which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees. It is represented by the symbol C.
[영한] ⒨ (약어:C) 섭씨의
<명사> ① 섭씨 ② 셀시우스 Anders ~ (1701-44)
[어원] Celsius(Swedish), Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius(스웨덴 천문학자인 Anders Celsius의 이름에서 유래함)
climatologist [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] climate
[본문] [27]The research team was led by climatologist, Geert Jan van Oldenborgh.
[영한] ⒨ 기후학자 , 풍토학자.
[활용] 복수형; climatologists
[어근] ⑴ climato(climate); climate ⑵ log; 말, 학문, word ⑶ ist; 명사 어미
dangerously [부사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] danger
[본문] [16]So in this programme we'll be asking if scientists have dangerously misunderstood the realities of climate change.
[영영] dangerous + ly
[영한] ⒨ 위험하게, 위태롭게
[파생] dangerous, dangerously, dangerousness, danger
[어근] ⑴ danger(domin); 가(家), 집안 ⑵ ous; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
episode [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2869] [★★] [레마] episode < sode
[본문] [60]episodes of extreme weather seem to be more frequent and some scientists suspect this might be caused by human-induced climate change.
[영영] You can refer to an event or a short period of time as an episode if you want to suggest that it is important or unusual, or has some particular quality.
[영한] ⒨ ① (사람의 인생/소설 등에서 중요하거나 재미있는) 사건[에피소드] ② (라디오/텔레비전 연속 프로의) 1회 방송분
[첫뜻] commentary between two choric songs in a Greek tragedy
[활용] 복수형; episodes
[유의어] incident
[어근] ⑴ epi; 주위, 위 ⑵ sode(od); 길(way)
exceed [동사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3308] [★★] [레마] exceed < cede
[본문] [61]Climatologist Geert Jan van Oldenborgh talks about a heatwave that surprised climate modellers because it exceeded even the worst expectations.
[영영] ] If something exceeds a particular amount or number, it is greater or larger than that amount or number.
[영한] ⒨ ① (특정한 수/양을) 넘다[초과하다/초월하다] ② (허용 한도를) 넘어서다[초과하다]
[첫뜻] to go beyond,
[활용] exceeded, exceeded, exceeding, exceeds
[파생] exceed, exceedable, exceeder, excess, excessive, excessively, excessiveness
[유의어] pass, go beyond
[어근] ⑴ ex; out ⑵ ceed(cede); to go, yield
extreme [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2542] [★★] [레마] extreme < exter
[본문] [17]But first it's time for my quiz question and it's about that extreme weather in Canada.
[영영] Extreme means very great in degree or intensity.
[영한] ⒨ ① 극도의, 극심한 ② 지나친, 심각한 ③ (사람들정치 조직의견 등이) 극단적인 ④ (중앙이나 시작 부분에서, 또는 언급되는 방향으로) 가장 먼[멀리 떨어진]
[첫뜻] outermost, farthest
[활용] 비교; extreme < extremer < extremest
[파생] extreme, extremely, extremeness, extremity
[유의어] intense(극심하다), exceeding(대단하다)
[반의어] moderate
<명사> ① 극단 ② 극도
[어근] extreme(exter); 극단의, outermost, utmost
[어원] extremus(Latin), [superlative of exterus, exter] outermost, utmost, farthest, last; the last part; extremity, boundary; highest or greatest degree(exterus의 최상급; 가장 바깥쪽의, 최고의, 가장 멀리, 마지막의; 마지막 부분; 맨 끝, 경계; 가장 높은 또는 가장 거대한 온도)
frequent [형용사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 3300] [★★] [레마] frequent
[본문] [60]Episodes of extreme weather seem to be more frequent and some scientists suspect this might be caused by human-induced climate change.
[영영] If something is frequent, it happens often.
[영한] ⒨ 잦은, 빈번한
[첫뜻] ample, profuse
[파생] frequency, frequentable, frequentation, frequenter, frequently, frequentness, frequent
[반의어] infrequent(빈번하다), infrequent(드물다)
<동사> (특정 장소에) 자주 다니다
[어근] frequent; frequent
[어원] frequens(Latin), often, regular, repeated; in great numbers, crowded, numerous, filled, full, populous(자주[종종], 규칙적인, 반복된; 거대한 숫자인, 복잡한, 무수한[많은], 가득찬, 꽉 찬, 밀집한)
gradual [형용사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] grade
[본문] [30]Yes, and it's a very big shock in the sense that we thought we knew how heatwaves react to global warming and within which boundaries they're increasing (of course they're increasing in temperature) but it's a gradual process we thought and then you get this thing and it's not gradual at all - it's a huge jump!
[영영] A gradual change or process occurs in small stages over a long period of time, rather than suddenly.
[영한] ⒨ ① 점진적인, 서서히 일어나는 ② (경사가) 완만한
[첫뜻] having steps or ridges
[파생] gradually, gradualness, gradual
[반의어] sudden
<명사> (가톨릭) (미사 때의) 층계송(層階誦), (성가대용) 미사 가변(可變) 부분 성가집
[어근] ⑴ grad(gress); a step ⑵ ual(al); 형용사 어미
[어원] gradus(Latin), [from gradi] grade; a step; a step climbed (on a ladder or stair); a step toward something, a degree of something rising by stages
heatwave [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] heat
[본문] [30]Yes, and it's a very big shock in the sense that we thought we knew how heatwaves react to global warming and within which boundaries they're increasing (of course they're increasing in temperature) but it's a gradual process we thought and then you get this thing and it's not gradual at all - it's a huge jump!
[영영] A heatwave is a period of time during which the weather is much hotter than usual.
[영한] ⒨ 열파(한동안의 혹서)
[활용] 복수형; heatwaves
[구성단어] heat + wave
hometown [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] home
[본문] [25]Seeing your hometown burn to the ground is bad enough, but perhaps even worst was the fact that the wildfires were so unexpected.
[영영] Someone's hometown is the town where they live or the town that they come from.
[영한] ⒨ 고향
[활용] 복수형; hometowns
[구성단어] home + town
hopeful [형용사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] hope
[본문] [9]She went on to say this in her message to world leaders: "I don't want you to be hopeful. I want you to act as if your house is on fire. Because it is."
[영영] If you are hopeful, you are fairly confident that something that you want to happen will happen.
[영한] ⒨ ① (사람이) 희망에 찬, 기대하는 ② (사람의 행동이) 희망[기대]를 드러내는 ③ (사물이) 희망적인, 희망을 주는
[파생] hopeful, hopefully, hopefulness, hopeless, hoper, hope
[유의어] optimistic, promising
[반의어] pessimistic, hopeless
<명사> 희망을 품은[성공을 바라는] 사람
[어근] ⑴ hope; 희망, hope ⑵ ful; 형용사 어미
human-induced [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] induce < duce
[본문] [60]Episodes of extreme weather seem to be more frequent and some scientists suspect this might be caused by human-induced climate change.
[영한] ⒨ 사람이 야기한
[구성단어] human + induced
July [명사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] July
[본문] [11]And they may be right, judging by the record-breaking temperatures that hit Canada and the north-west of the United States in July this year.
[영영] July is the seventh month of the year in the Western calendar.
[영한] ⒨ 7월
[활용] 복수형; Julies
[어원] Iulius(Latin), fifth month of the Roman calendar
misunderstand [동사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] understand < stand
[본문] [16]So in this programme we'll be asking if scientists have dangerously misunderstood the realities of climate change.
[영영] If you misunderstand someone or something, you do not understand them properly.
[영한] ⒨ 오해하다
[활용] misunderstood misunderstood misunderstanding misunderstands
[파생] misunderstander, misunderstand
[어근] ⑴ mis; 잘못 ⑵ under; 아래 ⑶ stand; 서다, stand
modeller [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] model < mode
[본문] [61]Climatologist Geert Jan van Oldenborgh talks about a heatwave that surprised climate modellers because it exceeded even the worst expectations.
[영한] ⒨ ① 모형 제작자 ② (시스템/절차를 간단히 설명하기 위한) 견본을 만드는 사람
[활용] 복수형; modellers
[파생] modeler, modeller, model
[어근] ⑴ mode; 양식, 측량, measure ⑵ ell(el); 명사 어미 ⑶ er; ~하는 사람(것)
[BRIT][AM→modeler]
north-west [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] west
[본문] [11]And they may be right, judging by the record-breaking temperatures that hit Canada and the north-west of the United States in July this year.
[영영] The north-west is the direction which is halfway between north and west.
[영한] ⒨ (약어:NW) (보통 the north-west) 북서
[구성단어] North + west
out-of-control [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] control < roll
[본문] [52]Let's start with a wildfire which is an out-of-control fire that is burning the countryside.
[영한] ⒨ 통제불능의
[어근] ⑴ cont(contra); 뒤, against ⑵ rol(rot); 바퀴, wheel
plea [명사] [Oxf5] [Rank; 4951] [★] [레마] plea
[본문] [12]Yes, Greta Thunberg's plea to 'act like your house is on fire' became a reality for residents of the small town of Lytton, Canada which burned to the ground in a shocking wildfire - a fire that is burning strongly and out of control.
[영영] A plea is an appeal or request for something, made in an intense or emotional way.
[영한] ⒨ ① 애원, 간청 ② (형사 사건 피고인[측]의) 답변[항변] ③ (법원에 제출하는) 이유[사유서]
[첫뜻] lawsuit, legal conflict,
[활용] 복수형; pleas
[파생] plea, plead, pleadable, pleader
[어근] plea(plac); 기쁨, calm
prediction [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3641] [★] [레마] predict < dict
[본문] [37]But, as Geert Jan van Oldenborgh told BBC World Service's, Science in Action, the heatwave in Lytton didn't fit these predictions at all:
[영영] If you make a prediction about something, you say what you think will happen.
[영한] ⒨ 예측, 예견
[활용] 복수형; predictions
[파생] predict, predictability, predictable, predictableness, predictably, prediction, predictive
[어근] ⑴ pre; 앞(先) ⑵ dict(dic); 말 ⑶ ion(ation); 명사 어미
react [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2689] [★★] [레마] react < act
[본문] [30]Yes, and it's a very big shock in the sense that we thought we knew how heatwaves react to global warming and within which boundaries they're increasing (of course they're increasing in temperature) but it's a gradual process we thought and then you get this thing and it's not gradual at all - it's a huge jump!
[영영] When you react to something that has happened to you, you behave in a particular way because of it.
[영한] ⒨ ① 반응하다, 반응을 보이다 ② (특정 물질에 대해 신체적으로 좋지 않은) 반응을 보이다 ③ (화학) (물질이) 화학 반응을 일으키다
[활용] reacted, reacted, reacting, reacts
[파생] react, reaction, reactional, reactionally, reactionary, reactive
[유의어] respond
[어근] ⑴ re; 다시(again) ⑵ act(ag); 행위
record-breaking [형용사] [R; 5001+] [레마] break
[본문] [11]And they may be right, judging by the record-breaking temperatures that hit Canada and the north-west of the United States in July this year.
[영영] A record-breaking success, result, or performance is one that beats the previous best success, result, or performance.
[영한] ⒨ 기록을 깨는[다시 세우는]
[구성단어] record + breaking
shocking [형용사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] shock
[본문] [12]Yes, Greta Thunberg's plea to 'act like your house is on fire' became a reality for residents of the small town of Lytton, Canada which burned to the ground in a shocking wildfire - a fire that is burning strongly and out of control.
[영영] You can say that something is shocking if you think that it is very bad.
[영한] ⒨ ① 충격적인, 망측한 ② 형편없는, 엉망인
[파생] shockingly, shockingness, shocking
[구성단어] shock + ing
snowy [형용사] [R; 5001+] [★] [레마] snow
[본문] [22]All those temperature look really high, especially for snowy Canada.
[영영] A snowy place is covered in snow. A snowy day is a day when a lot of snow has fallen.
[영한] ⒨ ① 눈에 덮인 ② (시기적으로) 눈이 많이 내리는 ③ (문예체) 눈처럼 하얀, 새하얀
[파생] snowless, snowlike, snowy, snow
[어근] ⑴ snow; 눈, snow ⑵ y; 형용사 어미
strongly [부사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2404] [★★] [레마] strong
[본문] [12]Yes, Greta Thunberg's plea to 'act like your house is on fire' became a reality for residents of the small town of Lytton, Canada which burned to the ground in a shocking wildfire - a fire that is burning strongly and out of control.
[영한] ⒨ ① 튼튼하게 ② 강하게, 강경히 ③ 맹렬히, 열심히
[파생] strength, strong, strong·ness, strongish, strongly, strongness
[어근] ⑴ strong; strong, 강한 ⑵ ly; 부사 어미
suspect [동사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2118] [★★] [레마] suspect < spec
[본문] [60]Episodes of extreme weather seem to be more frequent and some scientists suspect this might be caused by human-induced climate change.
[영영] You use suspect when you are stating something that you believe is probably true, in order to make it sound less strong or direct.
[영한] ⒨ ① (확실하지는 않지만 특히 좋지 않은 일이 있다고있을 것으로) 의심하다 ② (믿지 못하고) 수상쩍어[의심쩍어] 하다 ③ (어떤 범죄를 저지른 것으로) 의심하다[혐의를 두다]
[활용] suspected, suspected, suspecting, suspects
[파생] suspect, suspecter, suspectless, suspicion, suspicional, suspicionless, suspicious, suspiciously, suspiciousness
[유의어] suspicion(의심하다)
<명사> 혐의자, 용의자 <형용사> ① (믿어도 될지) 의심[의문]스러운 ② 수상쩍은(위험하거나 불법적일 것으로 여겨지는)
[어근] ⑴ su(sub); 아래(밑), below ⑵ spect(spec); 보다, see, look
[어원] suspicere(Latin), sub+spicere; look up at, look upward; look up to, admire, respect; look at secretly, look askance at; mistrust, regard with suspicion
unable [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 2155] [★★] [레마] unable < able
[본문] [39]Despite all his research, Professor Van Oldenborgh is still unable to explain such extreme and sudden changes in the climate - and this, he says, has shaken his confidence - made him doubt something that he was certain was true.
[영영] If you are unable to do something, it is impossible for you to do it, for example because you do not have the necessary skill or knowledge, or because you do not have enough time or money.
[영한] ⒨ …할 수 없는, …하지 못하는 반의어 able
[첫뜻] lacking in ability, incapable,
[반의어] able
[어근] ⑴ un; 아님(不,無), not ⑵ able(hab); 갖다, 할 수 있는, hold
unexpected [형용사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3602] [★★] [레마] expect < spec
[본문] [25]Seeing your hometown burn to the ground is bad enough, but perhaps even worst was the fact that the wildfires were so unexpected.
[영영] If an event or someone's behaviour is unexpected, it surprises you because you did not think that it was likely to happen.
[영한] ⒨ 예기치 않은, 예상 밖의, 뜻밖의
[파생] unexpectedly, unexpectedness, unexpected
[유의어] unforeseen
[어근] ⑴ un; not ⑵ e(ex); out, thoroughly ⑶ xpect(spec); 보다 ⑷ ed; 과거분사 어미
van [명사] [Oxf3] [Rank; 3559] [★★] [레마] Van
[본문] [27]The research team was led by climatologist, Geert Jan van Oldenborgh.
[영영] A van is a small or medium-sized road vehicle with one row of seats at the front and a space for carrying goods behind.
[영한] ⒨ ① (뒷부분에 지붕이 덮인) 유개 화물차, 밴 ② 승합차 ③ (열차의) 화물칸
[첫뜻] ① front part of an army or other advancing group ② covered truck or wagon
[활용] 복수형; vans
<고유명사> 반
[어원] caravan(English), covered truck or wagon
wake-up [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] wake
[본문] [13]So, was the Lytton wildfire yet another climate change wake-up call?
[영한] ⒨ ① 잠을 깨우는 것, 각성 ② (미·구어) 유의어 FLICKER ③ (속어) 형기의 마지막 날 ④ 조심스런[현명한] 사람
[유의어] FLICKER
<형용사> ① 잠을 깨우는 ② 환기[고무]시키는
[구성단어] wake + up
warming [명사] [Oxf5] [R; 5001+] [레마] warm
[본문] [30]Yes, and it's a very big shock in the sense that we thought we knew how heatwaves react to global warming and within which boundaries they're increasing (of course they're increasing in temperature) but it's a gradual process we thought and then you get this thing and it's not gradual at all - it's a huge jump!
[영한] ⒨ (더) 따뜻하게 하기[되기]
<형용사> 따뜻하게 해 주는
[어근] ⑴ warm; warm ⑵ ing; 현재분사어미
wildfire [명사] [R; 5001+] [레마] fire
[본문] [25]Seeing your hometown burn to the ground is bad enough, but perhaps even worst was the fact that the wildfires were so unexpected.
[영영] A wildfire is a fire that starts, usually by itself, in a wild area such as a forest, and spreads rapidly, causing great damage.
[영한] ⒨ ① (옛날에 적선에 불을 놓기 위하여 사용한) 연소물(Greek fire 따위). ② 도깨비불 ③ (천둥이 울리지 않는) 번갯불 ④ (폐어) 단독(丹毒) ⑤ (폐어, 獸醫) 양의 피부병
[활용] 복수형; wildfires
[구성단어] wild + fire
worryingly [부사] [R; 5001+] [레마] worry
[본문] [15]Well, maybe not, according to some climatologists who, worryingly, say that what happened in Lytton should not even have been possible.
[영영] worrying + ly
[영한] ⒨ 귀찮아서, 성가셔서.
[파생] worriment, worrisome, worrying, worryingly, worry
[어근] ⑴ worry; 염려, worry ⑵ ing; 형용사 어미 ⑶ ly; 부사 어미
worst [형용사] [Oxf3] [R; 5001+] [★★] [레마] worst < bad
[본문] [25]Seeing your hometown burn to the ground is bad enough, but perhaps even worst was the fact that the wildfires were so unexpected.
[영한] ⒨ 가장 나쁜[못한], 최악의
<명사> 가장 심한[심각한] 것[부분], 최악(의 경우일 등) <동사> (싸움경쟁언쟁에서) 패배시키다[이기다] 유의어 get the better of <부사> 가장 나쁘게[못하게], 최악으로
[어원] wierresta(Old English), most severely
새내기할배의 [영어단어공부]자료를 처음 보시는 분은 <다음> 링크를 클릭하셔서 BBC Learning English 6 Minute English [공부법]을 먼저 보시기 바랍니다
https://softca.blog.me/221610250801
본 글은 Word Frequency 기준 2000순위 이하를 제외한 단어만을 수록하고 있습니다.
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6 Minute English는 BBC Learning English 사이트에서 매주 출간하는 무료 영어 교육 콘텐츠이며 오디오 파일과 대본(Script) 파일을 제공합니다. 
